Biotic interactions, energy pathways and trigger factors of ecosystem dynamics in shallow saline lakes

Environmental variables, food-web dynamics, and energy pathways were investigated in ecosystems of six shallow lakes of the Crimea with salinity ranging from 24 to 340‰. There were considerable inter- and intra-annual #uctuations in the abiotic characteristics of the lakes. All the lakes had a very high concentration of total phosphorus in the water (up to 5.6 gP m-3) due to a great influence of the watershed on the lakes. A high level of primary production (up to 14.9 gC m-2 d-1) was found in the most of the lakes. The lowest primary production was found in the most saline lake with a dense population of the filtrator, Artemia urmiana. Grazing benthic energy pathways were dominant at salinities between 24 and 58‰. Greater levels of salinity led to a gradual reduction of benthic and increase of planktonic energy pathways. A fast shift from turbid to the clear-water regime was observed in one of the lakes, caused by annual variations in weather conditions

Гносеологические основы использования цифровых технологий в сельском хозяйстве Сибири

The authors substantiated the necessity for an epistemological approach to determining the main messages in the digitalization application by agricultural producers, taking into account natural and climatic, commodity-production and social factors.(Research purpose) To formulate the main messages when applying digital technologies in agricultural production, which determine epistemological approaches to their systematic use and allow increasing grain production by 2-3 times on the example of JSC Sokolovo.(Materials and methods) The authors applied a system analysis to agricultural production objects as to information field when describing them in the information space.(Results and discussion) The authors found that agricultural production objects were in an objective multiplicative relationship. Based on the results, a communication scheme between objects in agro-industrial production, reflecting their dialectical commonality was developed. They presented production objects as a resource characterized by a certain set of parameters and values. They showed the multiplicative nature of the resources relationship, describing the nature of the dependence by the method of passage to the limit. The authors identified general information requirements for solving the agriculture problems, crop production and for the means of processing this information in the amount of more than 2 petaflops. They established the necessary resolution for managing technical processes - less than 3 centimeters.(Conclusions) The authors proposed a paradigm for information support of technological processes in agricultural production. They confirmed the legitimacy of this approach to the paradigm formation by creating more than 20 databases. They gave examples of increasing the efficiency of grain production in the Novosibirsk region. The epistemological principles were based on the formulated six messages of information digital technologies, which made it possible to use them in more than 247 520 different combinations and apply to the whole farms variety, depending on their capabilities and desires.Обосновали необходимость гносеологического подхода к определению основных посылов в применении цифровизации сельхозтоваропроизводителями с учетом природно-климатических, товарно-производственых и социальных факторов.(Цель исследования) Сформулировать основные посылы при применении цифровых технологий в сельскохозяйственном производстве, которые определяют гносеологические подходы к их системному использованию и позволяют увеличить производство зерновых в 2-3 раза на примере ЗАО «Соколово».(Материалы и методы) Применили системный анализ к объектам в сельскохозяйственного производства как к информационным средам при их описании в информационном пространстве.(Результаты и обсуждение) Установили, что объекты сельхозпроизводства находятся в объективной мультипликативной взаимосвязи. По результатам разработали схему связи объектов в агропромышленном производстве, отражающую их диалектическую общность. Представили объекты производства как ресурс, характеризующийся некой совокупностью параметров и значений. Показали мультипликативный характер взаимосвязи ресурсов, описав характер зависимости методом предельного перехода. Выявили общие требования к информации для решения задач земледелия, производства растениеводческой продукции и к средствам обработки этой информации в объеме более 2 петафлопсов. Установили необходимую разрешающую способность при управлении техпроцессами – менее 3 сантиметров.(Выводы) Предложили парадигму информационного обеспечения технологических процессов сельскохозяйственного производства. Подтвердили правомерность такого подхода к формированию парадигмы созданием более 20 баз данных и знаний. Привели примеры роста эффективности производства зерна в Новосибирской области.  В основу гносеологических принципов положили сформулированные шесть посылов информационных цифровых технологий, позволяющих использовать их более чем в 247 520 различных комбинациях и применять для всего многообразия хозяйств в зависимости от их возможностей и желаний

Narcissism and Individual-level Workplace Outcomes

No abstract availableMarching over the world, the narcissism epidemic has spread in the workplace as well. Indeed, narcissism is now more present in the workplace than ever before due to the generational increase in narcissism and narcissists’ prevalence in managerial positions. One implication of this trend is that being omnipresent and having power, narcissists are more likely to affect the lives of everybody of us. The research on narcissists in the workplace has generated a plethora of insights as well. However, while the research in management has mostly been focused on the dark side of a narcissistic personality (Back et al., 2013; Küfner et al., 2013; Rogoza et al., 2016; Rogoza et al., 2018), we expect that considering narcissism in the domain on training may contribute to the literature on positive implications of narcissism. In order to address the following gap, in these three chapters, we are pursuing the following goals. First, we will construct and validate an Instagram-based unobtrusive measure of narcissism that can provide researchers with access to a broad audience and can help them to reach such groups as young adults or celebrities (Ch. 1). Second, we will empirically test the effect of trainers’ and trainees’ narcissism on training performance and training results and outline the mechanisms behind these relationships (Ch. 2). Finally, we will theorize how a narcissistic leader will affect the individual performance of his/her followers and why narcissism can have positive implications for an organization (Ch. 3). We suggest that these three chapters may have the following contribution to the research. Ch. 1, “Photos tell your story: Constructing and validating Instagram-based unobtrusive indicators of narcissism.” First, we constructed and validated the two Instagram-based unobtrusive indicators of narcissism that can be used in future research. Second, we ran numerous studies in order to establish the validity and reliability of our unobtrusive measures; these measures should also have relatively high generalizability as can be applied towards each individual having an Instagram account but at the same time, may push forward the research on the narcissism of bloggers, celebrities, and other individual prominent on Instagram. Finally, these measures can allow researchers to have relatively big samples as only 100 random photos are required. Ch. 2, “Too good to train”. Narcissism and Performance on the Training: Empirical Evidence from “The Biggest Loser” International.” First, we found empirical support for the positive effect of the trainer’s level of narcissism on training performance and results, thus contributing to the literature on the positive implications of narcissism. Second, we found empirical support for the negative relationship between a trainee’s level of narcissism and training results. Finally, we outlined the mechanism that may underlie the relationship between trainers’ and trainee’s narcissism and training outcomes. Ch. 3, “Narcissistic Leaders and Individual Performance of Their Followers: The Conceptual Model”. First, we argued that a leader’s narcissism positively affects the individual performance of followers in the short term, and negatively affects the individual performance of followers in the long term. We constructed a simple conceptual model that can be further empirically tested in future research. Moreover, we suggest that the proposed positive effect can extend the few literature on the positive implications of narcissism. Second, we outlined the possible mechanism for the proposed relationship and considered the narcissistic leader-follower relationship into role models’ theoretical framework

Digitalization: problems of its development in modern agricultural production

The analysis shows that the degree of implementation of digital technologies differs in different countries, with Russia significantly lagging behind the leading countries. The purpose of the research is to analyze the current state of digitalization of agriculture, identify problems of its development in the process of digital transformation of the agricultural economy and ways to solve them. The factors that hinder the digitalization of agriculture are highlighted. These are limiting grain production and difficult to predict, psychological barriers and insufficient training (including IT specialists), the availability of investment, the multidimensional component of production, and the availability of digital infrastructure. The solutions of selected problems are proposed: installation of local weather stations; training of IT specialists in the agriculture and learning agricultural workers the skills to work with modern technology; creating a single portal for farmers, with the possibility of exchanging information; improving the information infrastructure; creating strategies to implementing digital technologies

Therapy of urinary tract infections in gynecological practice

The urinary tract infection continue to exert significant impact on millions of patients worldwide, most of whom are otherwise healthy reproductive women. Antibiotic therapy for acute cystitis does not prevent recurrences, which plague up to one fourth of women after an initial urinary tract infection. Rising antimicrobial resistance among uropathogenic bacteria further complicates therapeutic decisions, necessitating new approaches based on fundamental investigation

Prediction and laboratory diagnostics of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy

Prediction and laboratory diagnostics of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy A.A. Balushkina, V.L. Tyutyunnik, N.E. Kan, D.K. Harchenko, D.A. Boris Acad. V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation The major goal of perinatal care is to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hypertensive disorders which occurs in 10% (in Russia, in 5% to 30%) contribute greatly to the maternal morbidity and mortality. Every year more than 50,000 pregnant women die of the complications of hypertension. In developed countries, these complications rank second among the causes of antenatal and postnatal pathology being responsible for 20% to 25% of perinatal deaths. Hypertensive disorders remain a vital issue in present-day public health. Gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, and preeclampsia have an important role in routine obstetrics determining maternal mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. Preeclampsia is one of the most common disorders in pregnancy accompanied by local intrauterine and systemic disturbances which result in significant maternal and fetal problems. Studies on the prediction and diagnosis of severe hypertension in pregnancy to determine management strategy, terms and method of birth are of crucial importance. Keywords: hypertensive disorders, gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, pregnancy, diagnostics, laboratory tests. For citation: Balushkina A.A., Tyutyunnik V.L., Kan N.E. et al. Prediction and laboratory diagnostics of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2019;2(2):89–94.<br

Treatment of the vaginal disbiotic disorders in pregnant women before delivery

The urgency of the problem of vaginal infection is determined by its highest prevalence in the structure of obstetric-gynecological morbidity. Currently, the share of diseases of the lower genital tract associated with quantitative unbalance conditionally pathogenic microorganisms of bacterial and fungal origin vagina, which occur in 40-65% of pregnant women. Carried out a sufficient number of studies showing the role of vaginal microbiocenosis dysbiotic violations in the development of pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum infectious complications. It is known, that for vaginal infections and dysbiosis significantly more often increases the risk of chronic placental insufficiency, premature birth, low birth weight and postpartum endometritis, wound infection. In connection with the above, it is important to timely diagnose microflora disorders using clinical and laboratory research methods, followed by adequate etiotropic therapy. Timely and effective treatment of vaginal dysbiosis in pregnant women before delivery reduces the risk of postpartum infectious complications

New trends in prevention and treatment of postpartum mastitis and lactostasis

Exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life is recommended by the World Health Organization, since breast milk provides the baby with all the nutrients and elements necessary for normal development and growth. In the first weeks of lactation, women can often face a number of problems, such as pain in the breasts and nipples, nipple cracks and mastitis. These problems make feeding difficult and, in some cases, lead to the cessation of breastfeeding. Mastitis is a terrible complication of the postpartum period and the basis for the cessation of lactation. Counseling and support of mothers, prevention of lactostasis, nipple cracks and teaching techniques to properly attach the child, reduce the complications of lactation. Timely diagnosis and adequate therapy of mastitis, helps to preserve breastfeeding and improve the health of the mother and child