El proceso analítico jerárquico como metodología para seleccionar revistas científicas en el área biotecnológica

The aim of this study is to establish an applicable methodology for the selection of a journal when aspiring to publish a scientific work in the biotechnology field, using the hierarchical analytical process. The publication of papers in indexed journals is one of the main goals of scientific research work. That’s why it is of great importance to select the journal that best disseminates the information of the paper among the technical-scientific community; however, having to rely on subjective criteria in the journal selection process can result in time and energy waste, unnecessary costs and a low dissemination of the researcher's scientific productivity. To establish the methodology, 11 qualitative and quantitative parameters of 20 scientific journals were evaluated, validated by a group of experts in the area, followed by a hierarchical analysis process, which established the selection criteria. It was found that the key elements to consider the journal selection are the impact factor, the acceptance time, the type of indexing and the number of articles published by the journal. Thus, with a methodology to choose the appropriate journal, it is possible to increase the possibilities of publishing the article, decrease the waiting time, publication costs and achieve a larger number of citations once published, using a variety of criteria and not just bibliometric criteria as the impact factor

Energy analysis and CO2 eq emissions of chicken meat production/Análisis energético y emisiones de CO2 eq en la producción de carne de pollo

In México, greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector include mainly enteric and manure sources. However, emissions due to the use of fossil energy are usually not considered. The aim of this work was to identify the energy demand (MJ) to produce a kilogram of chicken meat, and to determine the associated CO2 equivalent emissions. To that end, a farm in west-central Mexico was studied to prole the energy demand to supply water, feed, lighting, ventilation, air extraction and heating, using 1000 birds as a calculation basis. It was found that the emissions derived from fossil energy use were 0.47 kgCO2 eq per kilogram of live weight per production cycle

El efecto de los gases de relleno sanitario en el crecimiento vegetal

The plants carry out the gaseous exchange during the photosynthesis and the respiration, however the stomal openingof the leaves or the flow through lenticels in the root are not selective, the anthropogenic biogas emissions enter tovegetable tissues altering its normal physiology.In landfill sites roots plants are exposed to a flow of a variable concentration of biogas, mainly composed by methane(CH4) 50-60% and carbon dioxide (CO2) 40-55%, product of the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction ofmunicipal solid waste (MSW). Biogas, according to its concentration and exposure time is likely to exert a negativeeffect on plant root growth; however, the mechanism is largely unknown. The aim of this revision was to revise thestate of the art of the negative effect of biogas on plants that are close to landfill sites.Las plantas realizan el intercambio gaseoso durante la fotosíntesis y la respiración, la apertura estomática de las hojaso el flujo de gases es a través de lenticelas en la raíz no es selectivo, por lo que el biogás de emisión antropogénica enlos rellenos sanitarios (RESA) ingresan a los tejidos vegetales y afectan negativamente su fisiología normal.En un RESA raíces de las plantas están expuestas al flujo de una concentración variable de biogás constituidoprincipalmente de metano (CH4) 50-60% y dióxido de carbono (CO2) 40-55%, producto de la digestión anaerobia(DA) de la fracción orgánica (FO) de los residuos sólidos urbanos (RSU). El biogás, en función de la concentración yel tiempo de exposición ejerce un efecto desfavorable en el crecimiento radical, aunque se desconoce la manera en laque lo causa, así como los mecanismos de adaptación de esas plantas para supervivir. El objetivo de esta breverevisión fue analizar el estado del arte del efecto negativo del biogás y sus constituyentes sobre especies vegetales quecrecen en un RESA

Inducción de la degradación de lignina de paja de trigo en aromáticos por Aspergillus spp. y Penicillium chrysogenum

Wheat straw is a recalcitrant agricultural waste; incineration of this material represents an important environmental impact. Different reports have been made regarding the use of the structural components of wheat straw, i.e.cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin; however, lignin has been less exploited because it is largely considered therecalcitrant part. Residual wheat straw lignin (REWSLI) has a potential biotechnological value if depolymerization is attained to produce aromatics. Ligninolytic mitosporic fungus represent an alternative where very littleresearch has been done, even though they are capable of depolymerize REWSLI in simple nutritional conditions inrelatively short periods, when compared to basidiomycetes. The aim of this research was to study the depolymerization activity of Aspergillus spp and Penicillium spp on semipurified REWSLI as the sole carbon source toproduce aromatics. The depolymerization capacity was determined by the activity of the laccase, lignin peroxidaseand manganese peroxidase enzymes. The generated aromatics derived from the REWSLI depolymerization were identified by gas chromatography. Obtained results revealed that Penicillium chrysogenum depolymerized thelignin material by 34.8% during the 28-day experimentation period. Laccase activity showed the largest activitywith 111 U L-1in a seven-day period, this enzyme induction was detected in a smaller period than that required bybasidiomycetes to induce it. Moreover, the enzymatic activity was produced without the addition of an extracarbon source as metabolic inductor. Aspergillus spp and Penicillium spp generated guaiacol, vanillin, and hydroxybenzoic, vanillinic, syringic and ferulic acid with a maximum weekly production of 3.5, 3.3, 3.2, 3.3, 10.1and 21.9 mg mL-1, respectively.La paja de trigo es un desecho agrícola recalcitrante, su eliminación por incineración contamina el ambiente. Se hainvestigado el aprovechamiento de sus componentes estructurales: celulosa, hemicelulosa a excepción de la lignina por ser la porción recalcitrante. La lignina residual de paja de trigo (LIREPATO) tiene valor potencial biotecnológico si es degradada en aromáticos. Como alternativa, los hongos mitospóricos ligninolíticos poco se haninvestigado, a pesar de que degradan la LIREPATO en medio de cultivo mineral en un tiempo relativamentecorto comparado con lo reportado con los basidiomicetos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar en Aspergillus spp y Penicillium spp en la degradación de LIREPATO como única fuente de carbono en la generación dearomáticos. La degradación de la LIREPATO en aromaticos se realizo lacasa, lignina peroxidasa y manganesoperoxidasa. Los aromáticos generados se identificaron por cromatografía de gases. Los resultados señalan quePenicillium chrysogenum degradó la LIREPATO con hasta un 34.8% en 28 días de incubación. La actividadlacasa fue la mayor con 111 U L-1 en 7 días, menor tiempo a lo reportado en basidiomicetos y sin la adición unafuente de carbono adicional para inducirla. Aspergillus ssp y Penicilium spp generaron guayacol, vainillina, ácidoshidroxibenzoico, vainillínico, siríngico, y ferúlico con producción máxima por semana de 3.5, 3.3, 3.2, 3.3, 10.1 y21.9 mg mL-1 respectivament

Biorremediación y fitorremediación de un suelo impactado por aceite residual automotriz con Helianthus annuus y Burkholderia vietnamiensis

Soil contaminated by of waste motor oil (WMO) a mix of aliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbon’s caused living soilinhibition and to reduce agriculture production. Nom-138 Semarnat/ISS-2003 indicated that maximum concentration at soil accepted is 4400 ppm. To solve this problem chemical methods are apply however they spencil andcaused collateral environmental damage. An ecological alternative is Bioremediation (BR) by Biostimulation (BS)or/and Phytoremediation (PR) which to explode it´s potencial to mineralize hydrocarbons. The aim of this researchwas BR) of soil polluted by 20000, 30000 and 45000 ppm of WMO by biostimulation (BS) adding mineral solutionand Vicia sativa as green manure, then phytoremediation (PR) by Helianthus annus potencied with Burkholderiavietnamiensis to reduce WMO at values below to accept by the Nom -138 Semarnat/ISS-2003. These results tosupport that BS by sequential, accumulative or integral by enrichment of inorganic and organic nutrients due tomineral solution and incorporation and degradation of V. sativa reduced WMO at then PR using H. annus and B.vietnamiensis was an efficient way to eliminate WMO.En México el suelo se contamina por aceite residual automotriz (ARA), una mezcla de hidrocarburos alifáticos,aromáticos y relacionados, que inhiben la vida en el suelo y reducen la producción agrícola. La Nom-138 Semarnat/ISS-2003 establece que el límite máximo de hidrocarburos en suelo es de 4400 ppm, una solución para eliminarlo, son los métodos químicos de alto costo, que causan daño colateral ambiental. Una alternativa ecológica es labiorremediación (BR), por bioestimulación (BS) y/o la fitorremediación (FR) que explota el potencial de microorganismos y plantas para mineralizar hidrocarburos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue biorremediar suelo contaminado con 20000, 30000 y 45000 ppm de ARA por BS con una solución mineral, Vicia sativa o abono verde,seguido de la FR mediante Helianthus annuus y Burkholderia vietnamiensis para decrecer el ARA a valores inferiores al máximo aprobado por la Nom-138 Semarnat/ISS-2003. Los resultados revelaron que la adecuada integraciónde la BS mediante sales de N (nitrógeno) y P (fósforo) y K (potasio) de la solución mineral, complementado con laBIS por moléculas orgánicas de C (carbono), y de N, así como de vitaminas e activación de microbiana por laincorporación de V. sativa redujo lo suficiente la concentración del ARA, para facilitar la capacidad de degradaciónvegetal y de B. vietnamiensis para minimizar el ARA, lo suficiente para decrecer el ARA a valores inferiores almáximo reconocido por la Nom-138 Semarnat/ISS-2003. Se concluye que la BS secuencial, complementaria yacumulativa o integral, por enriquecimiento con nutrientes inorgánicos, orgánicos, acción microbiana, seguida de laPR mediante H. annnus y B. vietnaminesis que fueron eficaces en la eliminación del ARA

High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to analyze the gut microbiome in juvenile and adult tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus)

Tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) is freshwater and estuarine fish, inhabiting the Earth since the Mesozoic era and undergoing limited physiological variation ever since. Besides its recognized cultural and scientific relevance, the species has seen remarkable growth in its economic impact due to pisciculture. In this study, we present the first report of the whole taxonomic composition of microbial communities in gut contents in juveniles and adults of A. tropicus, by sex and origin (wild and cultivated). For this study, 508 genera were identified, with the most and least abundant being Cetobacterium and Paludibacter, respectively. Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes phyla are the core gut microbiome of A. tropicus juvenile and adult by sex and origin. Deinococcus-Thermus phylum sequence was only identified in wild-type males. In the phylogenetic trees reconstruction Lactococcus lactis strains CAU929 and CAU6600, Cp6 and CAU9951, Cetobacterium strain H69, Aeromonas hydrophila strain P5 and WR-5-3-2, Aeromonas sobria strain CP DC28 and Aeromonas hydrophila were identified, some of them with probiotic potential within the three dominant phyla in core gut microbiome in A. tropicus adults, especially in wild-type organisms. Myroides genus was recognized in microbiota gut of the cultivated juvenile A. tropicus. Nevertheless, Alpha diversity indicated that the highest gut microbiota abundance and richness is found in cultivated juvenile and wild-type adult A. tropicus female, rather than adult wild-type males and the least gut microbiota abundance and richness is found in a cultivated adult of A. tropicus for both sexes.The authors thank the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology for the postgraduate studies thesis scholarship and the mixed scholarship granted to carry out the research internship at the University of Valencia (Spain). This research received external funding from the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology "Strengthening of the Master's Degree in Environmental Sciences for its Permanence in the National Register of Quality Graduates of CONACYT" Reg. No. TAB-2014-C29-245836 and the Project "Estudio de la fisiología digestiva en larvas y juveniles de pejelagarto (Atractosteus tropicus) con base en técnicas histológicas, bioquímicas y moleculares" Reg. No. CB-2016-01-282765.Peer reviewe

The effect of landfill biogas on vegetal growth

The plants carry out the gaseous exchange during the photosynthesis and the respiration, however the stomal opening of the leaves or the flow through lenticels in the root are not selective, the anthropogenic biogas emissions enter to vegetable tissues altering its normal physiology. In landfill sites roots plants are exposed to a flow of a variable concentration of biogas, mainly composed by methane (CH4) 50-60% and carbon dioxide (CO2) 40-55%, product of the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW). Biogas, according to its concentration and exposure time is likely to exert a negative effect on plant root growth; however, the mechanism is largely unknown. The aim of this revision was to revise the state of the art of the negative effect of biogas on plants that are close to landfill sites

Energy analysis and CO2 eq emissions of chicken meat production

In México, greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector include mainly enteric and manure sources. However, emissions due to the use of fossil energy are usually not considered. The aim of this work was to identify the energy demand (MJ) to produce a kilogram of chicken meat, and to determine the associated CO2 equivalent emissions. To that end, a farm in west-central Mexico was studied to profile the energy demand to supply water, feed, lighting, ventilation, air extraction and heating, using 1000 birds as a calculation basis. It was found that the emissions derived from fossil energy use were 0.47 kgCO2 eq per kilogram of live weight per production cycle.En México, las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero del sector agropecuario son principalmente entéricas y de manejo de estiércol, pero no se consideran las emisiones de la demanda de energética fósil. Con el objetivo de conocer la demanda energética (MJ) para producir un kilogramo de carne de pollo y determinar la emisión de CO2 equivalente asociada, se analizó el consumo energético necesario para el suministro de agua, alimento, iluminación, ventilación, extracción de aire y calefacción en una granja, tomando como base de cálculo 1000 aves. Se determinó que la emisión derivada del consumo de energía fósil fue de 0.47 kg CO2 eq por kilogramo de carne de pollo en pie en un ciclo productivo

El efecto de los gases de relleno sanitario en el crecimiento vegetal

The plants carry out the gaseous exchange during the photosynthesis and the respiration, however the stomal opening of the leaves or the flow through lenticels in the root are not selective, the anthropogenic biogas emissions enter to vegetable tissues altering its normal physiology. In landfill sites roots plants are exposed to a flow of a variable concentration of biogas, mainly composed by methane (CH4) 50-60% and carbon dioxide (CO2) 40-55%, product of the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW). Biogas, according to its concentration and exposure time is likely to exert a negative effect on plant root growth; however, the mechanism is largely unknown. The aim of this revision was to revise the state of the art of the negative effect of biogas on plants that are close to landfill sites.Las plantas realizan el intercambio gaseoso durante la fotosíntesis y la respiración, la apertura estomática de las hojas o el flujo de gases es a través de lenticelas en la raíz no es selectivo, por lo que el biogás de emisión antropogénica en los rellenos sanitarios (RESA) ingresan a los tejidos vegetales y afectan negativamente su fisiología normal. En un RESA raíces de las plantas están expuestas al flujo de una concentración variable de biogás constituido principalmente de metano (CH4) 50-60% y dióxido de carbono (CO2) 40-55%, producto de la digestión anaerobia (DA) de la fracción orgánica (FO) de los residuos sólidos urbanos (RSU). El biogás, en función de la concentración y el tiempo de exposición ejerce un efecto desfavorable en el crecimiento radical, aunque se desconoce la manera en la que lo causa, así como los mecanismos de adaptación de esas plantas para supervivir. El objetivo de esta breve revisión fue analizar el estado del arte del efecto negativo del biogás y sus constituyentes sobre especies vegetales que crecen en un RESA

Cutting GHG Emissions at Student Housing in Central Mexico through Solid Waste Management

Solid waste characterisation studies have been conducted at the household or municipal level, but fewer studies have assessed the composition of solid waste within institutions of higher education or university student residences. Studies carried out in universities usually refer to the academic buildings, yet, reports of waste characterisation from student housing and the associated greenhouse gas emissions are scarce. The goal of this work was to present a study case where both equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2eq) emissions and waste reductions were successfully attained in student housing after implementation of a solid waste management strategy. Two waste characterisation studies were carried out, before and after a waste management program was implemented to reduce waste generation. The waste generation per capita (GPC) per day was estimated at 1.5 kg for the first study (2014) and 1.1 kg for the second (2015); in addition, 87% of the waste stream was diverted from the landfill through vermicomposting and recycling. The percentage of food waste used for vermicomposting was 2.83%. The CO2eq emissions in 2014 were estimated at 12,624 kg CO2eq (0.43 kg/capita/day) and 761 kg for 2015 (0.03 kg/capita/day). Appropriate solid waste management was revealed to have a fundamental role in cutting indirect CO2eq emissions