Effect of Funalia trogii in heart tissue of rats exposed to deltamethrin

WOS: 000314288600003Objective: Environmental exposure to deltamethrin can cause alterations in structure and function of different organs. F. Trogii, a white-rot fungus, has antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase. It is hypothesized that there is an antioxidative role of F. trogii resulting in reducing the extent of heart injury as a result of oxidative stress. The aim of this study to investigate the effect of deltamethrin on heart and to evaluate possible protective role of F. trogii in alleviating the detrimental effect of deltamethrin on heart. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one adult albino female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of seven each: group 1 control, group 2 received deltamethrin, group 3 received deltamethrin plus F. trogii extract. Results: The heart rate was increased and amplitude of QRS complex, duration of P wave and QRS complex were decreased due to deltamethrin administration. The superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were decreased, malondialdehyde level was increased in deltamethrin group. Ultrastructurally, dilatation in sarcoplasmic reticulum cisternaes and disorganisation in the myofibrils were observed in the deltamethrin group. In the deltamethrin plus F. trogii extract group, a decreasing lipid peroxidation and an increasing antioxidant enzyme activity, normal heart electrical activity and normal heart muscle structure was observed as similar to control group Conclusion: F. trogii could protect against deltamethrin induced oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. The results indicate the protective effect of F. trogii against heart injury and thereby support its traditional use.Mersin University Research FoundationMersin University [BAP-FEF-BB (BM) 2006-3]This research was funded by Mersin University Research Foundation (BAP-FEF-BB (BM) 2006-3)

Effects of Trans-Cinnamaldehyde on Reperfused Ischemic Skeletal Muscle and the Relationship to Laminin

Purpose Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is a serious problem caused by vascular trauma, tourniquet use and/or compartment syndrome. Studies have reported that skeletal muscle function is impaired due to the lower extremity I-R injury. There are insufficient studies on the treatment methods used for the recovery of dysfunction. This study is designed to investigate the effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA), a volatile oil of cinnamon structure, on the contractile dysfunction due to I-R injury of rat extensor-digitorum-longus (EDL) muscle. Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Except for the animals in the control group, all animals received saline (3-ml/kg) or TCA solution (30-mg/kg) which was administered orally three times with an 8-h interval before ischemia. After 24-hours, experimental groups were subjected to 3-h of lower extremity ischemia followed by 5-h reperfusion period. Then, the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and mechanical activity of muscle were recorded using the standard electro-biophysical techniques. Results There was a decrease in the maximum contractile force in I-R group compared to the control group (p  0.05). Conclusion We concluded that TCA has a potential protective effect with antioxidant effects against I-R injury and may maintain laminin levels

The monitoring of progress in apoptosis of liver cells in bile duct-ligated rats

Background/aims: We aimed to determine the progress of lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural changes established in the rat liver after acute bile duct ligation. Methods: Groups A1, B1, C1 and D1 were the controls of groups A2, B2, C2 and D2, which represented the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 8th days after bile duct ligation. Serum bilirubin and malondialdehyde, liver malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were determined. Liver tissue was examined with light and electron microscopy. Results: Serum bilirubin increased progressively. Serum and liver malondialdehyde and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression reached a peak level at day 3, reduced at the 5th day and continued at a constant rate. Reduced glutathione decreased progressively. Ductal proliferation increased progressively to a plateau at day 5. The marked electron microscopic changes were detected at day 3 (B2) and continued constantly. Conclusions: The first five days after acute bile duct ligation are the most critical

The Prevalence of Fabry Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Turkey: The TURKFAB Study

Background/Aims: Fabry disease is a treatable cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) characterized by a genetic deficiency of α-galactosidase A. European Renal Best Practice (ERBP) recommends screening for Fabry disease in CKD patients. However, this is based on expert opinion and there are no reports of the prevalence of Fabry disease in stage 1-5 CKD. Hence, we investigated the prevalence of Fabry disease in CKD patients not receiving renal replacement therapy. Methods: This prospective study assessed α-galactosidase activity in dried blood spots in 313 stage 1-5 CKD patients, 167 males, between ages of 18-70 years whose etiology of CKD was unknown and were not receiving renal replacement therapy. The diagnosis was confirmed by GLA gene mutation analysis. Results: Three (all males) of 313 CKD patients (0.95%) were diagnosed of Fabry disease, for a prevalence in males of 1.80%. Family screening identified 8 aditional Fabry patients with CKD. Of a total of 11 Fabry patients, 7 were male and started enzyme replacement therapy and 4 were female. The most frequent manifestations in male patients were fatigue (100%), tinnitus, vertigo, acroparesthesia, hypohidrosis, cornea verticillata and angiokeratoma (all 85%), heat intolerance (71%), and abdominal pain (57%). The most frequent manifestations in female patients were fatigue and cornea verticillata (50%), and tinnitus, vertigo and angiokeratoma (25%). Three patients had severe episodic abdominal pain attacks and proteinuria, and were misdiagnosed as familial Mediterranean fever. Conclusions: The prevalence of Fabry disease in selected CKD patients is in the range found among renal replacement therapy patients, but the disease is diagnosed at an earlier, treatable stage. These data support the ERBP recommendation to screen for Fabry disease in patients with CKD of unknown origin