Specialized functions of resident macrophages in brain and heart

The functions of macrophages in healthy tissues extend beyond their well-established roles as immune sentinels and effectors. Among tissues, cells of the brain and heart possess unique excitatory properties that likely demand special support. Accordingly, existing evidence demonstrates that microglia in the brain has an active role in synaptic organization, control of neuronal excitability, phagocytic removal of debris, and trophic support during brain development. In the heart, recent studies suggest that cardiac macrophages are involved in the regulation of heart homeostasis by phagocytosis, production of trophic, and immune-related factors, and by forming direct contacts with cardiomyocytes to regulate electrical conduction. In this review, we discuss mechanisms associated with the high degree of specialization of resident macrophages in both tissues, their origin and heterogeneity, and their contributions in regulating homeostasis under steady-state and pathological conditions.This work was supported by grants Fundació La Marató de TV3 (120/C/2015-20153032), intramural grant IGP-SO and SAF2015- 65607-RfromtheMinisteriodeCiencia,InnovaciónyUniversidades (MCIU)toA.H.J.A.N-AissupportedbyfellowshipSVP-2014-068595. I.B. is supported by fellowship MSCA-IF-EF-748381. The CNIC is supported by the MCIU and the Pro-CNIC Foundation, and Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (MCIU award SEV-2015-0505). Illus- trations were created by adapting templates from Servier Medical Arts(http://www.servier.com/Powerpoint-image-bank,licensedunder aCreativeCommonsAttribution3.0License)S

La incidencia de la Constitución Política de 1991 en algunos institutos jurídicos del Derecho Procesal

Análisis de los principios del Derecho Procesal a la luz de la C.P., clasificación de la jurisdicción en el C. P. los conflictos de competencia entre las ramas especializadas del derecho dentro de una misma jurisdicción y entre ramas de nulidad saneable o insaneable.Analysis of the principles of Procedural Law in the light of the C.P., classification of the jurisdiction in the C. P. conflicts of jurisdiction between specialized branches of law within the same jurisdiction and between branches of sanitized or insaneable nullity

La propiedad agraria y su función social

Desde la ley romana, la propiedad característica de tierra. La constitución 1886 y la reforma de 1936. La función social impone la obligación y limitaciones positivas ante terratenientes privados.Since Roman law, the characteristic property of land. The 1886 constitution and the 1936 reform. The social function imposes the obligation and positive limitations before private landowners