Mise à l’abri, corps et traumatisme. Réflexions pour l’évaluation qualitative d’un dispositif de soin en hébergement d’urgence pour demandeurs d’asile (HUDA)

Dans le contexte de la « crise des migrants » de 2015, un plan national d’accueil a été mis en œuvre, avec la création d’hébergements d’urgence pour les demandeurs d’asile (HUDA) dans la perspective de leur « mise à l’abri ». Cette note de recherche propose de réfléchir à cette notion de « mise à l’abri » et de s’interroger sur les enjeux relatifs aux modalités d’accueil, de facilitation de l’accès aux soins et d’accompagnement psychologique dans ces lieux fortement contraints par le contexte politique et social. À partir d’un travail exploratoire comprenant des entretiens de groupe avec les intervenants d’une équipe mobile composée d’infirmiers et de psychologues intervenants en HUDA et une revue de la littérature, cette note de recherche met en évidence plusieurs dimensions à prendre en considération en vue de l’évaluation qualitative du dispositif des permanences d’accès aux soins de santé porté par cette équipe soignante.In the context of the 2015 “migrant crisis”, a National Plan was implemented, with the creation of emergency accommodation for asylum seekers (HUDA) in preparation for their “sheltering”. This research note proposes to reflect on this notion of “shelter” and to examine the issues related to reception conditions, facilitation of healthcare access and psychological support in these places heavily constrained by the political and social context. Based on exploratory work including group interviews with stakeholders from a mobile team of HUDA nurses and psychologists and a literature review, this research note highlights several dimensions to be taken into consideration for the qualitative evaluation of the walk-in care plan carried out by this team

Untersuchungen zu visuellen Leistungen, zur peripheren Wahrnehmung und zur Aufmerksamkeit bei Älteren sowie bei alkoholabhängigen Probanden

von Lélia Baligan

El impuesto de consumos y la resistencia antifiscal en la España de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX: Un impuesto no exclusivamente urbano

Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaEste artículo estudia el impuesto de Consumos español durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Se fija en tres aspectos del mismo: a), su peso en la financiación de las haciendas locales; b), su importancia en la protesta antifiscal del siglo XIX; y c), su incidencia. Aquí se mantiene la hipótesis de que los motines anticonsumos constituyeron una de las fórmulas recurrentes de la resistencia antifiscal del siglo XIX, pero no la más importante. Ese protagonismo le corresponde al fraude. Se sostiene asimismo que el de Consumos no fue sólo un impuesto sobre el gasto y que en parte se trasladó a la agricultura. Se aportan datos que hacen al menos dudar del carácter exclusivamente urbano que normalmente se le ha atribuido.This article studies the Spanish Tax on Consumptions during the second half of the 19th century. It focuses on three issues: a), its significance within the funding of local governments; b), its importance to explain the protests against taxation in the 19th century; and c), its incidence. Our hypothesis is that the mutinies against this tax constituted one of the recurring practices of the resistances against taxation in the 19th century, but not the most important, represented by the tax defraudation. It is also indicated that die Tax on Consumptions was not only a tax on expenditure, and was in part transferred to agriculture. We provide some data that question the exclusively urban character that has been usually attributed to this tax.Publicad

Spectral analysis in non destructive evaluation

A new approach in NDE (Non Destructive Evaluation) by Ultrasound is proposed . It is the implementation of the autoregressive spectral analysis (AR) of the Ultrasonic echographic signais applied to Nuclear components . The purpose is to improve the signal to noise ratio by modeling the structural noise to cancel it by withness technic. The structural noise that disturb detection is of transient nature . It is parted in small sections supposed to be stationary . For each section, the spectral analysis obtained by correlogram and AR models (Burg and Marple) is compared. The spectral agibration prôblem of AR model induce us to use correlogram to examine the stationarity . A spectral representation versus depth and moving of the probe clearly shows the stationarity of the signal during inspection at constant depth and shows the non-stationary when the various sections are observed at different depths .Une approche nouvelle en contrôle non destructif par ultrasons est proposée . Elle met en aeuvre l'analyse spectrale autorégressive (AR) des signaux d'échographie ultrasonore appliquée aux composants nucléaires . L'objectif poursuivi est d'améliorer le rapport signal sur bruit en modélisant la partie bruit de structure afin de l'éliminer par blanchiement . Le bruit de structure qui perturbe la détection des indications est de nature transitoire . Il est découpé en petites tranches supposées stationnaires . Pour chaque tranche, on compare l'analyse spectrale obtenue par corrélogramme et par modèle AR (Burg et Marple) . Les problèmes de calibration spectrale propres aux modèles AR ont conduit à examiner la stationnarité à l'aide du corrélogramme. Une représentation de l'évolution spectrale en fonction de la profondeur et du déplacement de la sonde montre clairement la stationnarité du signal lors d'une inspection à profondeur constante et met en évidence la non-stationnarité lorsqu'on observe les tranches à différentes profondeurs

Which tools for scientific current awareness in Cemagref?

pp. 19-3

Open access publishing and peer reviews: new models

pp. 105-11

Transcriptional Pathways Associated with Skeletal Muscle Changes after Spinal Cord Injury and Treadmill Locomotor Training.

The genetic and molecular events associated with changes in muscle mass and function after SCI and after the implementation of candidate therapeutic approaches are still not completely known. The overall objective of this study was to identify key molecular pathways activated with muscle remodeling after SCI and locomotor training. We implemented treadmill training in a well-characterized rat model of moderate SCI and performed genome wide expression profiling on soleus muscles at multiple time points: 3, 8, and 14 days after SCI. We found that the activity of the protein ubiquitination and mitochondrial function related pathways was altered with SCI and corrected with treadmill training. The BMP pathway was differentially activated with early treadmill training as shown by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The expression of several muscle mass regulators was modulated by treadmill training, including Fst, Jun, Bmpr2, Actr2b, and Smad3. In addition, key players in fatty acids metabolism (Lpl and Fabp3) responded to both SCI induced inactivity and reloading with training. The decrease in Smad3 and Fst early after the initiation of treadmill training was confirmed by RT-PCR. Our data suggest that TGFβ/Smad3 signaling may be mainly involved in the decrease in muscle mass observed with SCI, while the BMP pathway was activated with treadmill training

Transcriptional Pathways Associated with Skeletal Muscle Changes after Spinal Cord Injury and Treadmill Locomotor Training.

The genetic and molecular events associated with changes in muscle mass and function after SCI and after the implementation of candidate therapeutic approaches are still not completely known. The overall objective of this study was to identify key molecular pathways activated with muscle remodeling after SCI and locomotor training. We implemented treadmill training in a well-characterized rat model of moderate SCI and performed genome wide expression profiling on soleus muscles at multiple time points: 3, 8, and 14 days after SCI. We found that the activity of the protein ubiquitination and mitochondrial function related pathways was altered with SCI and corrected with treadmill training. The BMP pathway was differentially activated with early treadmill training as shown by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The expression of several muscle mass regulators was modulated by treadmill training, including Fst, Jun, Bmpr2, Actr2b, and Smad3. In addition, key players in fatty acids metabolism (Lpl and Fabp3) responded to both SCI induced inactivity and reloading with training. The decrease in Smad3 and Fst early after the initiation of treadmill training was confirmed by RT-PCR. Our data suggest that TGFβ/Smad3 signaling may be mainly involved in the decrease in muscle mass observed with SCI, while the BMP pathway was activated with treadmill training