85 research outputs found
Surface irradiation of chicken eggs by nanosecond electron beam
The irradiation exposure experiments were carried out by means of the pulsed repetitive nanosecond accelerator URT-0.5 (electron energy of up to 500 keV, a pulse width of 50 ns, pulse repetition rate of up to 200pps). The determination of the distribution of the absorbed dose (AD) in the depth in the polyethylene was conducted by a gray wedge. The measurement of the electron beam AD on the surface of the shell (removed from the eggs) and under the shell, as well as beneath the absorber layer (polyethylene 80 microns thick) was also performed by the film dosimeter. Thermoluminescent dosimeters, TLD-500, were used to determine the distribution of the bremsstrahlung AD inside chicken eggs. These results lead to the conclusion that the irradiation of an electron beam with the AD level of 5 kGy is sufficient for complete disinfection on the surface of an egg. The AD inside of it will not exceed 8 cGy because of bremsstrahlung. Β© RAD Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved
Some Considerations on Sensitive Points of Modern Historical African Studies in Russia (Invitation to Discussion)
The article was submitted on 23.01.2023.Π ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ·Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π½Π° Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ·Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ Π±Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ.As an invitation to discussion, a number of considerations are made on the problematic points of modern Russian studies on African history of. These include the need for wider use of a variety of types of sources, with particular attention to sources of African origin. Internet materials should be used with greater caution. The authorβs concern is caused by a certain bias in the research of postcolonial issues towards the study of texts about colonialism, a more in-depth study of the impact of colonialism on African societies and its consequences seems preferable. It is also important for historians to master African languages more widely and use them in field research. The lack of attention to the works of previous generations of Russian Africanists is also of concern. The author believes that taking into account the considerations expressed here by colleagues could contribute to the improvement of Russian studies on the history of Africa
An investigation of the disinfection effect in joint action of the nanosecond electron beam and plasma radiation
The subject of the investigation of the possible synergy sterilizing effect included the joint action by the nanosecond electron beam (NEB) and plasma radiation of nanosecond gas discharge of high pressure. Plasma radiation was carried out by the GVI-150 generator which loading involved a discharge camera. Pulse repetition rate of the generator operation was 37 pps, and distance from electrodes cutoff to processed samples βΌ5 cm. The experiments on irradiation by the NEB were made on the pulse repetitive nanosecond accelerator URT-0.5 (electrons energy up to 500 keV, a pulse duration 50 ns, pulse repetition rate up to 200 pps). The time the vessel has been irradiated changed from 0 to 5 minutes; the absorbed dose (AD) of different batches changed from 0 to 5 kGy. The extensive data array on joint action of the NEB and plasma radiation for several types of widespread microorganism is received. Also, the synergetic effect of the NEB influence and plasma radiation on microorganisms such as Klebsiella is found. Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work was performed within a support of the Russian Science Foundation No. 16-16-04038)
Preparation of Iron Oxide Nanopowders by the Radiation-Chemical Method
Various magnetic nanopowders of iron oxide were obtained using the radiation-chemical method when irradiated with a nanosecond electron beam. The main physical and chemical characteristics of the prepared nanopowders were studied, such as structure, porosity, thermal resistance and magnetic properties. It was found that, by selecting precursors and the composition of the solution, it is possible to control not only the textural properties and yield of the obtained nanopowders (by changing the dose and dose rate intensity of the electron beam), but also to obtain crystalline or amorphous nanopowders, on which their magnetic properties depend. Β© 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.The reported study was funded by RFBR and GACR, project number 20-58-26002
Preparation of Silver Coated Oxide Nanomaterials and Study of Their Properties
Nanopowders of aluminum oxide silicon oxide and iron oxide with silver coating were produces by the radiation-chemical method. The dimensions of the nanoparticles were 50 to 80 nm, and the area can be changed from 2-3%, up to 40%. Was carried out the validation of antibacterial properties against E.coli and staphylococcus. Were estimated photocatalytic properties of nanopowders, which showed applications perspective as a photocatalytic agent. Cytotoxic properties were also investigated, which showed the relevance of the use of some the obtained composites for targeted drug delivery. Β© Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021.The work was partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Sverdlovsk Region as part of project No. 20-48-660019
Searching for Africa in Russia: The Fate of Apollon Davidson
The article was submitted on 01.06.2021.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ°, Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Π ΠΠ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ½Π°. Π Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ° Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ ΠΈΠΌ Π² 1971 Π³. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° Β«Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Β» Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΊ ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Ρ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π‘ΠΎΡΠ·Π΅, Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ, Π±ΡΠ» Π΄Π»Ρ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π³Π°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Β«Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Β»: ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΎ-Π±ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π΅ 1899β1902 Π³Π³., ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Ρ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Ρ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ ΠΡΠΌΠΈΠ»Π΅Π²Π° ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΊ ΠΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
ΠΈ Π‘Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄.This article is devoted to analysing the scholarly path of the outstanding Russian Africanist Apollon Davidson. His personality has already attracted scholarly attention, primarily in connection with the history of the Centre for African Studies of the Institute of Global History, which Davidson created in 1971. In this study, comprehensive analysis of the subject of Russia and Africa in Davidsonβs work is conducted for the first time. Earlier research has only partially touched upon this theme. The main sources are Davidsonβs works. The origins of Davidsonβs interest in Africa are analyzed. This interest was closely connected with the atmosphere of Stalinβs Soviet Union, in the conditions of which the historianβs personality was formed. The analysis shows that avoiding problems related to the political situation was a conscious choice for Davidson, who sought to avoid having to write propaganda essays within the framework of the dominant ideology. The article identifies the key subjects that attracted Davidsonβs attention: the formation of Africaβs image in Russia, the position of Russia in the Anglo-Boer War of 1899β1902, the Comintern and Africa, and the main aspects of Soviet foreign policy in Africa. It is shown that Davidson was especially interested in the African travels of Nikolai Gumilyov and the surge of interest in Africa among the Russian intelligentsia of the Silver Age. The publication of most of Davidsonβs studies was possible only in the post-Soviet period
The use of nanosecond electron beam for the eggs surface disinfection in industrial poultry
Development of the technology bases of egg disinfection using surface irradiation is executed by the nanosecond electron beam. Experiments on shell eggs irradiation using the frequency nanosecond URT-0.5 accelerator were made. Determination of absorbed dose distributionwas executed. In case of irradiation by the electron beam with absorbed dose level 5 kGy, it is enough for the full disinfection of the surface and pores of egg shell. The absorbed dose in the egg at the expense of bremsstrahlung will not exceed 0.08 Gy which can't have essential action on protein. Irradiation of shell eggs batch in plastic package of 100 pieces pledged in an incubator together with an inspection lot of not irradiated egg was made. The percent of eggs deductibility and chickens survival of pilot and control batches were identical, indicating that there was no significant radio biological effect from irradiation of egg internal structures. The received chickens were grown up within the 5 weeks. It is established that the chickens who are grown up from the irradiated egg have no essential differences in development. Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work was performed within a support of the Russian Science No. 16-16-04038)
Magnetic properties and structure of TiO2-Mn (0.73 %) nanopowders: The effects of electron irradiation and vacuum annealing
Nanopowder TiO2-0.73 % Mn was synthesized by the sol-gel method. Thermal treatment of the samples was carried out in vacuum at a temperature of 500Β°C. Magnetic properties were studied in the temperature range from 2 to 850 K. The effects of electron irradiation and vacuum annealing on the EPR spectra and magnetic properties of TiO2-Mn powder are discussed. It was established that a part of manganese ions in the anatase crystal lattice interacts antiferromagnetically, which causes a decrease in magnetization as compared to the result of the calculation for non-interacting ions. Vacuum annealing leads to the formation of oxygen vacancies and, at the same time, to a noticeable increase in the ferromagnetic contribution to magnetization, especially, after preliminary electron irradiation. We assume that the ferromagnetic contribution to the magnetization appears either due to incomplete compensation of antiferromagnetically directed moments of manganese ions, or due to positive exchange interactions of Mn ions via defects in the TiO2 lattice. It is shown that the temperature of magnetic disordering in samples with a spontaneous magnetic moment exceeds 600Β°C. Β© 2019, Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved
Fragmentation of DNA in the male germ cells: impact on reproduction, the causes of origin and methods of diagnosis
The studying of DNA fragmentation in human sperm is necessary, because the DNA breaks, inherited from the paternal genome, could impact the embryo development. In this review the known mechanisms that cause DNA fragmentation in human sperm are considered. The mechanisms examined include: defects in chromatin remodeling during the process of spermiogenesis, apoptosis, oxygen radical-induced DNA damage. The different tests currently used for sperm DNA fragmentation analysis and the factors that determine the predictive value of sperm DNA fragmentation testing are also discussed.ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°, Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅. Π ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ: Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°, Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π³Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
- β¦