L'Italia, gli ambienti marini ed il territorio costiero

2006/2007Il lavoro si propone di affrontare lo studio degli ambienti marini da un punto di visto giuridico, economico e strategico, soprattutto nell'ottica di un paese, come l'Italia, che vanta uno strettissimo rapporto con il mare.XX Cicl

Clinical Features, Cardiovascular Risk Profile, and Therapeutic Trajectories of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Candidate for Oral Semaglutide Therapy in the Italian Specialist Care

Introduction: This study aimed to address therapeutic inertia in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by investigating the potential of early treatment with oral semaglutide. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October 2021 and April 2022 among specialists treating individuals with T2D. A scientific committee designed a data collection form covering demographics, cardiovascular risk, glucose control metrics, ongoing therapies, and physician judgments on treatment appropriateness. Participants completed anonymous patient questionnaires reflecting routine clinical encounters. The preferred therapeutic regimen for each patient was also identified. Results: The analysis was conducted on 4449 patients initiating oral semaglutide. The population had a relatively short disease duration (42%  60% of patients, and more often than sitagliptin or empagliflozin. Conclusion: The study supports the potential of early implementation of oral semaglutide as a strategy to overcome therapeutic inertia and enhance T2D management

Diversity of Free-Living and Particle-Attached Prokaryotes in a River-Influenced Coastal Area of the Northern Adriatic Sea

13 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, supplementary material https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.912528/full#supplementary-material.-- Data Availability Statement: The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found below: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ - BioProject ID PRJNA834028; accession numbers for single samples are SAMN28028918- SAMN28028941The Northern Adriatic Sea is a key area of the Mediterranean Sea, strongly affected by freshwater inputs, mainly from the Po River, which bring high amounts of nutrients as well as organic and inorganic particles. Free-living and particle-attached prokaryotes were characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of size-fractionated samples collected during a diatom bloom in this area. The diversity of free-living and particle-attached prokaryotic assemblages was investigated with the aim to understand how the microbial communities are structured in the two fractions and whether specific microbial groups are associated to one lifestyle or the other. The results highlight a diverse prokaryotic community dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and, remarkably, Firmicutes. Taxa within Firmicutes and Alphaproteobacteria are identified as the main particle-attached indicators by LEfSe, while members of Bacteroidetes and Gammaproteobacteria were representative of the free-living lifestyle, although they were also usually found as particle-attached. Collectively, the results suggest that both the free-living and the particle-attached lifestyles are a complex combination of specialization and adaptation to local conditionsThis is a contribution of RITMARE Flagship Project by Italian MIUR DTA.AD008. AT was supported by a Ph.D. fellowship funded by the Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (Open University-Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Ph.D. Program)With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S)Peer reviewe

[Diagnosis of Alport syndrome]

Diagnosis of Alport syndrome or Thin basement membrane disease is suggested first of all by the clinical picture, the presence of neurisensorial hypoacusia and/or ocular abnormalities, and the family history which should be as accurate as possible involving the largest number possible of family members to recognize the transmission modalities, i.e. X-linked or autosomal. Renal biopsy remains the main tool to confirm the diagnosis and requires electron microscopy observation and collagen IV alpha chains investigation on renal tissue by means of specific antibodies. Skin biopsy is a useful and less invasive tool in families with X-linked Alport syndrome and can substitute renal biopsy in childhood as well as in patients with contraindication to renal biopsy. Confocal microscopy is mandatory to reduce the risk of false negative results in patients with segmental expression of alpha chains. Genetic analysis is at present indicated for studying subjects at risk for family planning or possible kidney donation but new techniques (Next Generation Sequencing) might increase their use in clinical practice