Municipal transitions: The social, energy, and spatial dynamics of sociotechnical change in South Tyrol, Italy

With the aim of proposing recommendations on how to use social and territorial specificities as levers for wider achievement of climate and energy targets at local level, this research analyses territories as sociotechnical systems. Defining the territory as a sociotechnical system allows us to underline the interrelations between space, energy and society. Groups of municipalities in a region can be identified with respect to their potential production of renewable energy by means of well-known data-mining approaches. Similar municipalities linking together can share ideas and promote collaborations, supporting clever social planning in the transition towards a new energy system. The methodology is applied to the South Tyrol case study (Italy). Results show eight different spatially-based sociotechnical systems within the coherent cultural and institutional context of South Tyrol. In particular, this paper observes eight different systems in terms of (1) different renewable energy source preferences in semi-urban and rural contexts; (2) different links with other local planning, management, and policy needs; (3) different socio-demographic specificities of individuals and families; (4) presence of different kinds of stakeholders or of (5) different socio-spatial organizations based on land cover. Each energy system has its own specificities and potentialities, including social and spatial dimensions, that can address a more balanced, inclusive, equal, and accelerated energy transition at the local and translocal scale

CLEO Contributions to Tau Physics

We review many of the contributions of the CLEO experiment to tau physics. Topics discussed are: branching fractions for major decay modes and tests of lepton universality; rare decays; forbidden decays; Michel parameters and spin physics; hadronic sub-structure and resonance parameters; the tau mass, tau lifetime, and tau neutrino mass; searches for CP violation in tau decay; tau pair production, dipole moments, and CP violating EDM; and tau physics at CLEO-III and at CLEO-c.Comment: Invited talk at the Seventh International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics (TAU02), Santa Cruz, Ca, USA, Sept 2002, 14 pages, LaTeX, 21 eps figure

Non-1/m_b^n Power Suppressed Contributions to Inclusive b->s l+ l- Decays

We compute non-perturbative contributions to b->s l+ l- that are not explicitly suppressed by powers of the b-quark mass. They are proportional to lambda_2 and arise from an interference between the free-quark amplitude and higher order terms in the matrix element of a four-quark operator. This correction is found to be small over most of the dalitz plot except near the charm threshold. Unfortunately, the perturbative computation we have performed is invalid near charm threshold and we do not except to see the structure found at lowest order reproduced in the data. We conclude that these non-perturbative contributions do not significantly modify the previous analysis of b->s l+ l-.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, late

Chiral sum rules to second order in quark mass

A new calculation of the isospin and hypercharge axialvector current propagators ($\Delta_{A33}^{\mu\nu}(q^2)$ and $\Delta_{A88}^{\mu\nu}(q^2)$) to two loops in SU(3) x SU(3) chiral perturbation theory is used to derive chiral spectral function sum rules valid to second order in the light quark masses. Explicit forms are given for the three-pion isospin axialvector spectral functions at low energy and application of the sum rules to the determination of counterterms of the chiral lagrangian is discussed.Comment: Figures extended down to threshold; Eq. (19) expressed in simplified for

The Color-Octet intrinsic charm in η′\eta^\prime and B→η′XB\to \eta^\prime X decays

Color-octet mechanism for the decay B\to \eta^\prime X is proposed to explain the large branching ratio of Br(B\to \eta^\prime X)\sim 1\times 10^{-3} recently announced by CLEO. We argue that the inclusive \eta^\prime production in B decays may dominantly come from the Cabbibo favored b\to (\bar c c)_8s process where \bar c c pair is in a color-octet configuration, and followed by the nonperturbative transition (\bar c c)_8\to \eta^\prime X. The color-octet intrinsic charm component in the higher Fock states of \eta^\prime is crucial and is induced by the strong coupling of \eta^\prime to gluons via QCD axial anomaly.Comment: 9 pages, RevTex, 1 PS figur

Chiral Perturbation Theory for τ→ρπντ\tau \to \rho \pi\nu_\tau, τ→K∗πντ\tau \to K^* \pi \nu_\tau, and τ→ωπντ\tau \to \omega \pi \nu_\tau

We use heavy vector meson $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ chiral perturbation theory to predict differential decay distributions for $\tau \rightarrow \rho \pi \nu_\tau$ and $\tau \rightarrow K^* \pi \nu_\tau$ in the kinematic region where $p_V \cdot p_\pi/m_V$ (here $V = \rho$ or $K^*$) is much smaller than the chiral symmetry breaking scale. Using the large number of colors limit we also predict the rate for $\tau \rightarrow \omega \pi \nu_\tau$ in this region (now $V = \omega$). Comparing our prediction with experimental data, we determine one of the coupling constants in the heavy vector meson chiral Lagrangian.Comment: 14 pages, latex 2e. We include the decay of the tau into the omega, pi minus and the tau neutrino, and extract a value for the coupling constant g2, using experimental dat

The Decay D0→Kˉ∗0π−e+νeD^0\to \bar K^{*0} \pi^- e^+ \nu_e in the Context of Chiral Perturbation Theory

We study the decay $D^0\rightarrow \bar K^{*0} \pi^- e^+ \nu_e$, using $SU(2)_L \otimes SU(2)_R$ chiral perturbation theory for heavy charmed mesons and vector mesons, in the kinematic regime where $p_M \cdot p_\pi/m_M$ (here $M = D^0$ or $\bar K^{*0}$) is much smaller than the chiral symmetry breaking scale, $\Lambda_{\chi SB}$ ( $\Lambda_{\chi SB} \sim$ 1 GeV). We present the leading diagrams and amplitude, and calculate the rate, in the region where, to leading order in our calculations, the $\bar K^{*0}$ is at zero recoil in the $D^0$ rest frame. The rate thus calculated is given in terms of a known form factor and depends on the $DD^* \pi$ coupling constant $g_D$ of the heavy (charmed) meson chiral perturbation theory Lagrangian. A measurement of the above decay, in the aforementioned kinematic regime, can result in the extraction of an experimental value for $g_D$, accurate at the level of our approximations, and give us a measure of the validity of approaches based on chiral perturbation theory in studying similar processes.Comment: 17 pages, Latex, 2 embedded postscript figure

Inclusive J/psi and psi(2S) Production from B Decay in p p-bar Collisions

Using information on B-meson fragmentation functions from CERN LEP 1 and adopting the nonrelativistic QCD factorization formalism proposed by Bodwin, Braaten, and Lepage, we predict the transverse-momentum distribution of J/psi mesons originating from the inclusive decays of b hadrons produced in p p-bar collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron. We determine the relevant colour-octet charmonium matrix elements from fits to CDF data on prompt charmonium hadroproduction and to CLEO data on charmonium production from B-meson decay. Our predictions are found to agree well with recent CDF and D0 data.Comment: 27 pages (Latex), 9 figures (Postscript

Semileptonic and nonleptonic B decays to three charm quarks: B->J/psi (eta_c) D l nu and J/psi (eta_c) D pi

We evaluate the form factors describing the semileptonic decays $\bar{B^0}\to J/\psi (\eta_c) D^+ \ell^- \bar \nu_\ell$, within the framework of a QCD relativistic potential model. This decay is complementary to $\bar{B^0}\to J/\psi (\eta_c) D^+ \pi^-$ in a phase space region where a pion factors out.We estimate the branching ratio for these semileptonic and nonleptonic channels, finding $\mathcal{BR}(\bar{B^0} \to J/\psi (\eta_c) D^+ \ell \nu_\ell) \simeq 10^{-13}$, $\mathcal{BR}(\bar{B^0} \to J/\psi D^+ \pi^-) = 3.1 \times 10^{-8}$ and $\mathcal{BR}(\bar{B^0} \to \eta_c D^+ \pi^-) = 3.5 \times 10^{-8}$.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

QCD analysis of inclusive B decay into charmonium

We compute the decay rates and $H$-energy distributions of $B$ mesons into the final state $H+X$, where $H$ can be any one of the $S$-wave or $P$-wave charmonia, at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling. We find that a significant fraction of the observed $J/\psi$, $\psi'$ and $\chi_c$ must be produced through $c\bar{c}$ pairs in a colour octet state and should therefore be accompanied by more than one light hadron. At the same time we obtain stringent constraints on some of the long-distance parameters for colour octet production.Comment: 40 pages, RevTeX, 4 figure