Median Nail Canaliform Dystrophy in Association with Retinoid Therapy

Peer reviewe

Dermatoscopy of Facial Non-Pigmented Actinic Keratosis and Intraepidermal Carcinoma

Dermatoscopy improves the diagnostic accuracy of non-pigmented facial lesions, including actinic keratosis (AK) and intraepidermal carcinoma (IEC) and helps to differentiate them from common invasive malignancies such as basal cell carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The most common dermatoscopic features characterizing AK are background erythema/erythematous pseudonetwork, white follicular openings/targetoid hair follicles, surface scales, rosettes, fine, linear, wavy vessels, microerosions and sun-damaged surrounding skin. In comparison, the most common dermatoscopic features of IEC are background erythema, red starburst pattern, surface scale, dotted/glomerular vessels, hairpin vessels, microerosions/ulcerations and targetoid hair follicles. The practice of recognizing these features in dermatoscopic images is a useful tool in the armamentarium of a clinician examining skin lesions

Prevalence, discontinuation rate, and risk factors for severe local site reactions with topical field treatment options for actinic keratosis of the face and scalp

Publisher Copyright: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Actinic keratoses (AKs) are common lesions on chronically sun damaged skin, which are morphologically characterized by lower third to full thickness atypia of epidermal keratinocytes. These lesions carry a risk of progression towards invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); therefore, treatment of visible lesions and the field in case of field cancerization is recommended. Treatment of AK includes the destruction of atypical keratinocytes that clinically presents with various degrees of erythema, scaling, crusting, erosion, and other visible and subjective symptoms. Such inflammatory reactions may have an impact on the patient’s social life and have shown to decrease compliance and adherence to therapy. Additionally, as various topical treatments have been proven to be effective in treating AK, tolerability of local site reactions (LSRs) might drive the decision for appropriate treatment in an individual scenario. Therefore, we aimed to review prevalence of severe LSRs among various topical treatments for AK. In addition, we summarized discontinuation rates due to LSRs and possible therapy-unrelated risk factors for the development of LSRs with increased severity.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Clinical Characteristics of Actinic Keratosis Associated with the Risk of Progression to Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma : A Systematic Review.

Funding Information: This research and the APC were funded by ESF project no. 8.2.2.0/20/I/004 “Support for involving doctoral students in scientific research and studies” at Riga Stradiņš University. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common lesions on chronically sun-damaged skin that has the risk of progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). With the possibilities of using digital technologies for following-up skin lesions and their increased use in the past few decades, our objective was to update the review by Quaedvlieg et al., 2006, and to review prospective studies from 2005 onwards to identify the clinical characteristics of AK that later progressed to SCC. Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant articles. The search had the following criteria: English language, human subjects and year from 2005 onwards. The study protocol was registered in the Prospero database with the record number CRD42020200429 and followed the PRISMA guidelines. The risk-of-bias assessment was performed using the QUIPS tool. Results: From the 5361 studies screened, 105 reports were evaluated for eligibility, and 2 articles with 621 patients were included. The main AK types associated with the development of SCC were found to be baseline AK, also known as a long-standing AK, and merging AK, also called an “AK patch”.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Treatment of Actinic Keratoses Facilitates Dermatoscopic Diagnosis of Early Basal Cell Carcinoma : A Case Report and Review

Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s).Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation induces gradual changes in cutaneous morphology, which with increasing damage leads to the appearance of cancerous skin lesions. Among them, basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and actinic keratoses (AKs) are the most common entities. Both lesions often develop as two separate lesions in a single individual at a conspicuous distance, close proximity or as collision lesions, which are characterized by the coexistence of both cancers in the same anatomical site. Collision lesions in which AK precisely overlies BCC is a rarely reported entity. We report a case where the presence of BCC was dermatoscopically detected after an overlying AK was treated with topical chemotherapy, thus indicating that treatment of AK allows better visualization of other underlying malignancies.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances trust and confidence in diagnosing melanoma

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance. Explainable AI (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, yet often lack precise, domain-specific explanations. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologists’ decisions has not yet been evaluated. Building upon previous research, we introduce an XAI system that provides precise and domain-specific explanations alongside its differential diagnoses of melanomas and nevi. Through a three-phase study, we assess its impact on dermatologists’ diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic confidence, and trust in the XAI-support. Our results show strong alignment between XAI and dermatologist explanations. We also show that dermatologists’ confidence in their diagnoses, and their trust in the support system significantly increase with XAI compared to conventional AI. This study highlights dermatologists’ willingness to adopt such XAI systems, promoting future use in the clinic