Mars rover prototype Merih-2

Merih-2, Özyeğin Üniversitesi Rover Takımı tarafından University Rover Challenge 2016 ve European Rover Challenge 2016’ya katılmak ve Mars koşullarında görev yapmak için tasarlanan gezgindir. Sürüş için Merih-2’nin 6 adet özel tasarım tekeri bulunmaktadır. Yüksek çekiş için bütün tekerler elektrik motorlarıyla tahrik edilmiştir. Gezginin ilerlerken yön değiştirmesi, ön ve arka tekerlerin beraber yönlerinin değiştirilmesiyle mümkün kılınmıştır. Tekerlerden en az dördünün yere basmasını sağlayan bir Külbütör-Boji mekanizması ve bu mekanizmanın dengeleyicisi bir diferansiyel bulunmaktadır. Merih-2 ayrıca, çevredeki objelerin manipülasyonu için 4 serbestlik dereceli bir robot kola sahiptir. Bu robotik kola çok fonksiyonlu bir tutucu takılmış ve tornavida alma, şalterleri açma ve kapama gibi astronotlara yardım görevlerini yapması planlanmıştır. Bu makalede; Merih-2’nin tasarım ayrıntıları, üretilen prototipten elde edilen kazanımlar ve gezginin operasyon ve yaşanan olumsuzlukları ortadan kaldırabilecek öneriler anlatılmaktadır.Merih-2 is designed to serve under the Mars conditions and to join the University Rover Challenge 2016 and the European Rover Challenge 2016 by the Özyeğin University Rover Team. For locomotion, the Merih-2 has 6 specially designed wheels. All wheels are driven by electric motors for high traction. The steering of the rover is provided by changing the directions of the front and rear wheels together. A Rocker-Bogie Mechanism that allows at least four wheels to keep ground contact, and a differential that assumes the task of balancing this mechanism is used. Merih-2 also has a 4-degree-of-freedom robot arm for manipulating objects in the surroundings. This robotic arm is equipped with a multifunctional holder and is intended to assist astronauts in tasks such as tool retrieval, turning on and off of switches. This article describes the design details of Merih-2 and the gains from the prototype produce. Moreover, the article focuses on the test results that are obtained at ERC 2016 and discusses the roadmap for a better prototype.Publisher versio

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p < 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Adin implantlarının kısa dönem radyo frekans analiz ölçümleri

Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to understand and monitor the transition from primary to secondary stability of implants having sand blast large grit acid etched surface, for the timing of the prosthodontic treatment via using the Radio Frequency Analysis. Subjects and Methods: Forty-two dental implants were placed in 19 patients and Implant Stability Quotient measurements were performed at baseline, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th and 8th weeks. The lengths and diameters of the implants were also correlated with Implant Stability Quotient values. Results: The present data showed no correlation between lengths, diameters and Radio Frequency Analysis at any of the measurement times. In each group, implant stability at the baseline and 8th weeks showed significant higher Radio Frequency Analysis (RFA) values than the 2nd, 3rd and 4th weeks (p<0.05). Statistically no difference was found between the baseline and 8th week measurements (p>0.05).Conclusion: Measuring Implant Stability Quotient values can help the clinician understand the condition of the implant without disrupting the healing implant-bone interface, allowing to decide the loading time.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kumlanmış-asitlenmiş yüzeye sahip implantların primer stabiliteden sekonder stabiliteye geçişini, Radyo Frekans Analiz yöntemi kullanarak anlamak ve gözlemlemektir. Bireyler ve Yöntem: Ondokuz hastada 42 implant yerleştirilmiş ve başlangıç, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 ve 8. haftalarda İmplant Stabilite ölçümleri (Implant Stability Quotient-ISQ) yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Elde edilen bilgiler, implantların boyu ve çapı ile Radyo Frekans Analiz ölçümleri arasında hiçbir zaman diliminde ilişki göstermemektedir. Tüm gruplarda implant stabilitesi, başlangıç ve 8. haftada 2, 3 ve 4. haftalara göre anlamlı derecede yüksek İmplant Stabilite ölçüm değeri göstermiştir (p0.05).Sonuçlar: İmplant Stabilite değerlerini ölçmek, iyileşen implantkemik bağlantısına zarar vermeden, implantın iyileşme durumu hakkında fikir vererek yükleme zamanının kararında hekime yardımcı olabilir

Subcutaneous NPH Insulin for Severe Hypertriglyceridemia in a Pregnant Patient with Type V Hyperlipoproteinemia: a Case Report

An increase in triglyceride levels in familial hyperlipidemia during pregnancy has been reported. Severe hypertriglyceridemia can lead to complications such as acute pancreatitis, preeclampsia, maternal and fetal complications. Because of the teratogenic effects associated with fibrate therapy in pregnancy, alternative treatment strategies such as insulin as a rapid and potent activator of lipoprotein lipase are required during pregnancy. We report a case of hypertriglyceridemia in a 33-year-old pregnant woman in whom treatment with merely single one time administration of Neutral Protamine Hagedorn insulin was accompanied by a reduction in the serum triglyceride level; to the best of our knowledge, this has never been reported in the literature. Her triglyceride level was 3616 mg/dL before insulin treatment and 1246 mg/dL after insulin treatment. Although this regimen was used safely and effectively in our patient, comprehensive studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of subcutaneously intermediate-acting Neutral Protamine Hagedorn insulin for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia in non-diabetic pregnant women

Donor safety and remnant liver volume in living donor liver transplantation.

İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi.Living donor liver transplantation is now a common practice in countries in which the availability of cadaveric organs is limited. The preoperative preparation, intraoperative surgical technique, and postoperative care of donors and recipients have evolved in recent years. We retrospectively compared 67 donors with a remnant liver volume equal to or more than 30% (group 1) with 14 donors who had less than 30% remnant liver volume (group 2) for donor outcomes. All the complications in donors were systematically classified. Donors with less than 30% remnant liver volume showed significantly higher peak aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, international normalized ratio, and bilirubin levels. There were 6 complications in group 1 and 4 complications in group 2. The difference between the 2 groups in terms of donor complications did reach statistical significance (P 0.043); donors with a remnant liver volume 30% had a 4 times greater relative risk of morbidity. In conclusion, the use of donors with less than 30% remnant liver volume is highly debatable as donor safety should be of utmost importance in living donor liver transplantatio