Temporary Trade

Most trade theories assume bilateral trade relationships are forged on the basis of some comparative advantages, scale considerations, market structure or some productivity advantage of firms. Since these factors change slowly, bilateral trade relationships should be stable. However, we argue that over half of the non-zero bilateral trade relationships are of temporary nature: they last for a short period only or appear and disappear in an erratic fashion. With a very detailed country-product transaction level dataset on Hungarian exports, evidence is provided for the importance of temporary trade relationships at the bilateral level. A large share of bilateral trade flows are driven by just a few firms, and results indicate that temporary trade is important for all kinds of firms and products. In terms of empirical applications, we show that gravity equations suggest important differences between the determinants of permanent and temporary trade; and the extensive and intensive margins of trade can also be very sensitive to changes in temporary trade.international trade, duration of trade, firm-product level data

Firm behaviour and public infrastructure - The Case of Hungary

In the paper, we test the effect of local development, regional and local policies on the location decisions and productivity of firms. Development indicators include local research and development activity or education while policy decisions used in this study encompass for example tax rates, investment incentives or road construction. The study builds upon a large national panel of firms. Importantly, such a rich dataset has rarely been employed for productivity and location choice exercises. The paper is composed of two sections dealing with location choice and productivity, respectively and we compare the effect of variables used in both sections. Among others, we find that density of road network positively influenced location choice and productivity as well, while a somewhat larger size of administration helps new firms to settle but later on, it has no effect on productivity.industrial location, FDI, productivity, discrete choice mod-els, GMM

Firms and Products in International Trade: Data and Patterns for Hungary

This paper provides a detailed description of Hungarian trade data and key patters drawn at the firm and product level. The IEHAS-CEFiG Hungary dataset is an almost universal panel of balance sheet information (1992-2006) merged with firmproductcountry level customs data (1992-2003) taken until the 2004 EU accession. In the Bernard et al. (2007) tradition, statistics describe the prevalence of trading activity, typology of firms by internationalisation, concentration of trade volume within and across sectors as well as geographical features of activities. The aim of this paper is both to offer background statistics to existing studies and to stimulate future research on firms and trade by offering a great deal of descriptive statistics. After describing datasets, the prevalence of trading activity across sectors, concentration of trading volume across and within sectors, spatial distribution on trade and principal trading partners are described. Stylised facts show that trading activity is heavily concentrated, both exporters and importers show better performance than non-traders, and multi-product and multi-county firms are responsible for the bulk of trade volume.international trade, exporting, firm-product level data

Optimized Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors to Maximize Absorptance

Dispersion characteristics of four types of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors, nano-cavity-array- (NCA-), nano-cavity-deflector-array- (NCDA-), nano-cavity-double-deflector-array- (NCDDA-) and nano-cavity-trench-array- (NCTA-) integrated (I-A-SNSPDs) devices was optimized in three periodicity intervals commensurate with half-, three-quarter- and one SPP wavelength. The optimal configurations capable of maximizing NbN absorptance correspond to periodicity dependent tilting in S-orientation (90{\deg} azimuthal orientation). In NCAI-A-SNSPDs absorptance maxima are reached at the plasmonic Brewster angle (PBA) due to light tunneling. The absorptance maximum is attained in a wide plasmonic-pass-band in NCDAI_1/2*lambda-A, inside a flat-plasmonic-pass-band in NCDAI_3/4*lambda-A and inside a narrow plasmonic-band in NCDAI_lambda-A. In NCDDAI_1/2*lambda-A bands of strongly-coupled cavity and plasmonic modes cross, in NCDDAI_3/4*lambda-A an inverted-plasmonic-band-gap develops, while in NCDDAI_lambda-A a narrow plasmonic-pass-band appears inside an inverted-minigap. The absorptance maximum is achieved in NCTAI_1/2*lambda-A inside a plasmonic-pass-band, in NCTAI_3/4*lambda-A at inverted-plasmonic-band-gap center, while in NCTAI_lambda-A inside an inverted-minigap. The highest 95.05% absorptance is attained at perpendicular incidence onto NCTAI_lambda-A. Quarter-wavelength type cavity modes contribute to the near-field enhancement around NbN segments except in NCDAI_lambda-A and NCDDAI_3/4*lambda-A. The polarization contrast is moderate in NCAI-A-SNSPDs (~10^2), NCDAI- and NCDDAI-A-SNSPDs make possible to attain considerably large polarization contrast (~10^2-10^3 and ~10^3-10^4), while NCTAI-A-SNSPDs exhibit a weak polarization selectivity (~10-10^2).Comment: 26 pages, 8 figure

Talent in the Professional Practice - The Hungarian higher education with a practice based approach, the example of the University of Pecs

The study presents a research carried out among the students of Hungary’s one of the most successful university faculties, at the University of Pécs Faculty of Business and Economics (PTE KTK). The aim of the study is to highlight the expectations of employers and students regarding professional practice. Our results show that the employers do not focus on creativity. By employing a new staff member fast integration, adaptation, diligent and precise work becomes important. Primarily employers want to hire such appropriate person who fits into their own corporate culture. The PTE KTK students have developed emotional intelligence, which allows for better integration.After presenting the results of empirical research we give a brief overview of the Hungarian and Romanian situation of higher education on the basis of criteria for the European Higher Education Area and the Bologna process. Subsequently, we formulate our recommendations, which are primarily based on the experience of professional practice. The system of professional practice serves as a highly effective feedback, and this shows the removal of the conventional belief. Secondly, there is a demand for bipolar system of knowledge and skill-application (that manifested in competence-principle).professional practice; talent management; career management; labor market; requirements; skills of students.

The Parent Diarsene HAs=AsH as side-on bound ligand in an Iron Carbonyl Complex

The terminal diarsene HAs=AsH ligand attracts special interest concerning its bonding relation in comparison to its isolable relative, ethene. Herein, by the methanolysis of [{Fe(CO)4}As(SiMe3)3] (1) the synthesis of [{Fe(CO)4}(η2‐As2H2)] (2) is reported, containing a parent diarsene as unprecedented side‐on coordinated ligand. Following this synthetic route, also the D‐labeled complex [{Fe(CO)4}(η2‐As2D2)] (2D) could be isolated. The electronic structure and bonding situation of 2 was elucidated by DFT calculations revealing that 2 is best described as an olefin‐like complex. Moreover, the reactivity of 2 towards the Lewis acids [{M(CO)5}(thf)] (M=Cr, W) was investigated, leading to the complexes [Fe(CO)4AsHW(CO)5]2 (3) and [{Fe(CO)4}2AsH{Cr(CO)5}] (4), respectively

Akadályok felsőfokon - Mozgáskorlátozott emberek egyetemi részvételének akadályai

A kutatás a magyarországi egyetemeken tanuló mozgáskorlátozott hallgatók előtti akadályokat tárja fel. A tanulmány a jogi környezet elemzésén és szakértői interjúkon alapul. Az adatfelvétel 2020 végén történt. A kutatás azt találta, hogy rossz az egyetemek akadálymentesítettsége, ezért sokszor gond az érintettek eljutása szemináriumokra, könyvtárba vagy éppen kötelező gyakorlati helyszínekre. A közösségi események akadálymentesítettsége is gyakran megoldatlan. Kevés az akadálymentes lakhatás, pl. a megfelelően akadálymentesített kollégiumi férőhely. Sokaknak gond a közlekedés is, mert sok egyetemi városban nem megfelelően akadálymentesített a tömegközlekedés. A kutatás feltárta, hogy az egyetemek többsége nem rendelkezik a szakértők által megismerhető akadálymentesítési tervekkel, sőt még az épületállomány akadálymentességének felméréséről sem tudnak