Принципы модульности проектирования и обслуживания локомотивов

Thematic patent search was performed that determined design directions for modular systems in transport and industry. The largest percentage of use is characteristic of: railway, agricultural, power engineering, space industry and shipbuilding. To a lesser extent, the modular design principle is involved in medium heavy and precision engineering. A new concept of application of modules of the main and auxiliary equipment on locomotives is considered, in which key attention is paid to the components of modules and unification of their components. It is necessary to change the philosophy of design and creation of modules, taking into account all possible risks and organizational hazards during modernization of production. The use of modular equipment layout in the engine compartment can significantly reduce operating costs and speed up the service operations during locomotive maintenance. A comparison of operations of current maintenance of Formula 1 cars and modular locomotives has been made.Выполнен тематический патентный поиск по направлениям проектирования модульных систем на транспорте и в промышленности. Наибольший процент использования имеют: железнодорожное, сельскохозяйственное, энергетическое машиностроение, космическая промышленность и судостроение. В меньшей степени модульный принцип проектирования задействован в среднем и точном машиностроении. Рассмотрена новая концепция применения на локомотивах модулей основного и вспомогательного оборудования, при которой уделяют ключевое внимание компонентам модулей и унификации их комплектующих. Применение модульной компоновки оборудования в машинном отделении позволяет значительно снизить эксплуатационные затраты и ускорить сервисные операции обслуживания локомотивов. Проведено сравнение операций оперативного обслуживания болидов «Формулы-1» и модульных локомотивов

ЭКСПРЕСС-ДИАГНОСТИКА ТЕПЛОВОЗНЫХ ДИЗЕЛЕЙ

The authors study methods of detecting parameters of operation process of diesel engine in service, of troubleshooting in the systems of fuel supply and of gas distribution. They give some results of monitoring of diesel engines and estimate economic efficiency of proposed express troubleshooting.Рассмотрены способы определения параметров рабочего процесса тепловозного дизеля непосредственно в эксплуатации, выявления неисправностей в устройствах топливоподачи и газораспределения. Приведены результаты мониторинга технического состояния дизеля, оценена экономическая эффективность системы экспресс- диагностик

Relativistic proton production at the sun in the October 28th, 2003 solar event

Abstract In order to infer about the origin of solar relativistic particles (SRP) from the particle event of October 28th, 2003, we proceed to do a confrontation of the experimental energy spectra with the theoretical spectra derived from a transport equation for stochastic acceleration. On basis to a two-source model of particle generation, one of which is associated with an expanding magnetic loop, we solve the transport equation including adiabatic losses simultaneously with the stochastic acceleration process. The confrontation shows that there are two different populations during this event, one of which, the so-called ''delayed component'' may be correctly described by stochastic acceleration, but not the so-called ''prompt component''. We found that the required acceleration efficiencies turn to be very high, so that for this particular event, adiabatic cooling is practically negligible as far as the energy spectrum is concerned. Qualitative inferences point toward a dominated Alfven accelerating turbulence. Our results provide a new support to the existence of two relativistic particle populations in some solar relativistic particle events

Electron acceleration and relativistic nucleon production in the 2003 October 28 solar event

International audienceA flare east of central meridian on 2003 October 28 produced a relativistic particle event at Earth, although it was located far from the footpoint of the nominal interplanetary Parker spiral. From a study of the onset times of the event at different neutron monitors we conclude that the earliest arriving solar particles may be neutrons. The first relativistic protons (prompt component) arrived a few minutes later. Metre wave imaging suggests that electrons are not only accelerated in the flaring active regions, but at several places far away, including the western hemisphere. Simultaneous Type III emission and associated Langmuir waves demonstrates that these regions are connected to the Earth. We suggest that, like in a few other nominally poorly connected particle events, promptly escaping relativistic protons were not accelerated in the flaring active region, but at remote places in relationship with the global magnetic restructuring in the course of a huge coronal mass ejection

Electron acceleration and relativistic proton production at the Sun in the October-November 2003 solar events

International audienc