Bipolar bozuklukta lateralizasyonun motor ve mental hıza etkisi]

Effect of lateralization on motor and mental speed in bipolar disorder Objective: The correspondence between the motor and mood regulation systems may shed light on the physiopathology of mood disorders. Handedness is a reliable proxy measure for cerebral lateralization for right handed subjects. In this study we have investigated the effects of lateralization on cognitive performance as well as motor and mental speed in bipolar disorder. Methods: Sixty-eight euthymic bipolar patients (mean age: 33.66 +/- 6.38, 33 female), and 65 healthy subjects (mean age: 33.65+7.11, 27 females) were enrolled. Participants with medical or psychiatric comorbidities were excluded. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), finger-tapping, peg-board test, Adult Memory and Information Processing battery (AMIPB), Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and reaction time tests were the measures utilized in our study. Results: The groups were similar in terms of age, gender and education. The bipolar patients were more lateralized than the controls (p=0.027), whereas eye and foot lateralization did not differ between the groups. The patients performed poorer than the controls on the MOCA (p=0.049), peg-board (right and left, p<0.001), finger-tapping (right p<0.001; left p=0.002), AMIPB (motor and A subtest, p<0.001 for both) and the visual and auditory (p<0.001 for both) reaction time tests. The degree of lateralization was correlated with the speed of processing in the bipolar group, but not in the control group. Conclusion: Right handed patients with bipolar disorder are more lateralized than healthy subjects and lateralization provides an advantage for processing speed in bipolar patients. This finding may indicate a relationship between lateralizing physiopathology and slowed interhemispheric communication and thus, an increase in lateralization might be a compensatory mechanism to use less interhemispheric communication in bipolar disorder

Depression and cognitive distortions in hemodialysis patients with end stage renal disease: A case-control study

© 2021 Asociación Universitaria de Zaragoza para el Progreso de la Psiquiatría y la Salud MentalBackground and objectives: Identifying cognitive distortions is essential for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) that plays a key role in the treatment of depression. Depression seen in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) has not been sufficiently diagnosed and treated. This study aimed to examine the cognitive distortions and schemas of patients diagnosed with ESRD. Methods: Fifty-six patients undergoing hemodialysis and forty-seven controls were enrolled in the study. A sociodemographic and clinic data form, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ) were applied to all participants. Results: The prevalence of the psychiatric disorder in the case group was significantly higher than the prevalence of the psychiatric disorder in the control group. Compared with the control group, the HADS depression subscale was significantly high in the patient group. There was a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis and total scores of DAS as well as the “dependency attitudes” factor among the case group. The “helplessness” subscale scores of the ATQ were significantly higher in the case group compared to the control group. Conclusions: The duration of hemodialysis was related to dependency attitudes of cognitive distortions among patients with ESRD. Studies investigating cognitive modalities are needed to treat depression more successfully in this population. It will contribute to the Cognitive Behaviour Therapy of ESRD patients when these factors are taken into consideration

Mental Symptoms are Related with Impact of the Disease and Impairment in Quality of Life in Female Patients with Fibromyalgia

Objective: Diagnostic criteria of fibromyalgia are revised in 2010 by including mental symptoms and excluding tender points. Although dominance of pain still prevails on the diagnostic criteria, quality of life (QoL) surveys showed that fibromyalgia is strongly associated with mental components of health status, i. e. depression, anxiety and alexithymia. It is aimed to assess determinants of QoL and impact of the disease in patients with fibromyalgia. Methods: Fifty seven female outpatients (mean age +/- SD: 40.93 +/- 6.85; age range: 24-56) with fibromyalgia were enrolled. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Short Form-36 QoL survey, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale were the measurement tools. Results: Predictor of impact of the disease was alexithymia, particularly, difficulty in identifying feelings (DIF) domain. Predictor of physical health was age, whereas predictors of mental health were depression and trait anxiety. Discussion: Alexithymia, particularly DIF domain may be a more specific predictor of fibromyalgia symptoms, whereas depression and anxiety are more burdensome mental symptoms for fibromyalgia. Pain and mental symptoms are seemed to be processed separately. Targeting mental symptoms provide better treatment outcomes, thus multidisciplinary approaches including psychiatry are necessary

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Extracellular Matrix Glycoproteins in Patients with Depressive Episodes

Background: The brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of glycoproteins deriving from the cell membrane and joining into nets called perineuronal nets (PNNs). The ECM glycoproteins limit neuroplasticity, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is provided by electrical currents that may alter several cascades and biophysical effects. ECM conformation might be influenced by the effects of ECT. Methods: Patients with depressive disorders (n = 23) and healthy control subjects (n = 21) were enrolled. Serum levels of the ECM glycoproteins versican, brevican, neurocan, phosphocan and tenascin C were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum samples were collected from the patients in the patient group at 3 time points: before ECT, 30 min after the first session, and 30 min after the seventh session. Results: There was a significant difference in tenascin C levels (P = .001) between the groups. No other significant difference was observed. Serum levels of the measured ECM glycoproteins and prolidase activity did not differ in the depression group after the administration of ECT. Conclusions: Our results did not support the claim suggesting a possible mechanism for modulation of ECM glycoproteins by ECT. Serum levels may not necessarily reflect conformational changes in the ECM. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of ECT on ECM glycoproteins. Modulation of the ECM may provide a new window suggesting improvement in treatments