Theoretical approaches to ethnicity, nationalism and nation

Autor razmatra glavne teorije etničke vezanosti i nacionalizma: teoriju iskonskog postojanja nacije, teoriju mnogovekovnog postojanja nacije, modernizam, etno-simbolizam, postmodernizam i interakcionizam. Obraća svoju pažnju na dobre i loše strane različitih teorijsko-istraživačkih pristupa kako bi oblikovao sopstveni pristup. Sem toga, on nudi nekoliko najpoznatijih i najubedljivijih definicija i tipologija nacija i nacionalizma. Naposletku, pokušava odrediti etničku vezanost, etničko svojstvo, etničku kategoriju i etničku zajednicu, te ukratko ocrtati sopstveni pristup koji je suštinski interakcionistički sa primesama etno-simbolizma.The author takes into consideration main theory of ethnicity and nationalism: primordialism, perennialism, modernism, ethno-symbolism, post-modernism, and interactionism. He pays his attention on both good and bad features of the different theoretical approaches in order to formulate his own approach. In addition, he offers several the most famous and convincing definitions and typologies of the nations and nationalism. At the end, he tries to make definitions of the ethnicity (ethnical connectedness), ethnical resource, e. g. language, religion, "race", ethnic myths etc, ethnic category, and ethnic as well as to briefly outline his own approach that is basically interactionist with some additions of ethno-symbolism

Reception of the Karl Kraus’ work among Serbian intellectuals

SAŽETAK: Istražuje se odnos srpskih intelektualaca nacionalističke i antinacionalističke usmerenosti prema delu Karla Krausa. Kraus je pisao satire protiv vladajućih krugova Habzburške monarhije, otvoreno se zalažući za njenu reorganizaciju, pa i razgradnju. Podsmehu je izlagao najviše habzburške i nemačke imperijalističke krugove, raskrinkavao njihove ratne planove protiv Srbije, ratnohuškačku bečku štampu, intelektualce, koji su izdali poziv intelektualca podržavanjem nemačkog nacionalizma odnosno habzburškog imperijalizma. Ovo je pokazano analizom „Poslednjih dana čovečanstva“. No, i pored toga, dok je među hrvatskim jugoslovenski usmerenim intelektualcima bilo iskrenih Krausovih poštovalaca dotle je među Srbima skoro sasvim izostala pažnja prema ovom darovitom antiimperijalisti i antinacionalisti koji je simpatisao srpske i jugoslovenske težnje uprkos tome što to nije bilo nimalo popularno u sredini u kojoj je živeo i radio. Štaviše, interesovanje za Krausa i danas je življe u Hrvatskoj no u Srbiji. Stoga je cilj ovog članka da ponudi objašnjenje izostanka interesovanja srpskih intelektualaca za Krausa. U suton socijalizma, nacionalistička provincijalnost većine srpskih intelektualaca, a kod jednog dela i razularena ratobornost, doprinela je potpunom previdu obimnog, intelektualno zahtevnog i beskompromisno pacifističkog i prema sopstvenoj naciji kritički usmerenog dela Karla Krausa. Istovremeno, antinacionalistička i pacifistička usmerenost pojedinih intelektualaca uticala je na obraćanje pažnje samo na pomenute aspekte Krausovog dela, ali i na previd aktuelnosti njegove kritike imperijalističkih težnji svenemačkih krugova Austrije i Nemačke. KLJUČNE REČI: Kraus, Srbi, Habzburška monarhija, imperijalizam, nacionalizam, pacifizam.ABSTRACT: The paper explores relations of both Serbian nationalist and antinationalist intellectuals towards Karl Kraus’ work. Analysis of the “Last days of 1 [email protected] Jovo Bakić, Prijem dela Karla Krausa među srpskim intelektualcima 625 mankind“ shows that Kraus wrote satires against ruling circles of the Habsburg Monarchy, demanded its reorganization, and even its destruction. He mostly ridiculed the top circles of the Habsburg Monarchy and German Reich, and unmasked their war plans against Serbia. He ridiculed warmongering Wiennese press, intellectuals, who betrayed their vocation by supporting German nationalism and Habsburg imperialism. Whereas some of the most distinctive Croatian Yugoslav-oriented intellectuals in the aftermath of WWI highly respected Karl Kraus, Serbian intellectuals have almost utterly neglected this talented nonconformist, who sympathised with Serbian and Yugoslav tendences despite their unpopularity in his own surroundings. Furthermore, interest for Kraus is much more visible in today’s Croatia than in Serbia. The paper’s goal is to offer an explanation of lack of interest for Kraus among Serbian intellectuals. In the twilight of socialism, majority of them showed nationalist parochialism, and a part of them expressed even unbridled warlike attitude, which contributed to thorough neglect of Kraus’ voluminous, intellectually demanded and uncompromising pacifistic work. At the same time, anti-nationalist and pacifistic intellectuals were prepared to pay attention only for such aspects of the Kraus work, while they have neglected other aspects such as his criticism of pan-German imperialist tendences recognizable throughout the short 20th century. KEY WORDS: Kraus, Serbs, Habsburg Monarchy, imperialism, nationalism, pacifismNapomene i bibliografske reference uz tekst

Prikazi

Marijana Grbeša, Berto Šalaj - Dobar, loš ili zao? Populizam u Hrvatskoj Siniša Malešević - Države-nacije i nacionalizmi. Organizacija, ideologija i solidarnost John Rawls - Teorija pravdeMarijana Grbeša, Berto Šalaj - Dobar, loš ili zao? Populizam u Hrvatskoj Siniša Malešević - Države-nacije i nacionalizmi. Organizacija, ideologija i solidarnost John Rawls - Teorija pravd

Prikazi

Marijana Grbeša, Berto Šalaj - Dobar, loš ili zao? Populizam u Hrvatskoj Siniša Malešević - Države-nacije i nacionalizmi. Organizacija, ideologija i solidarnost John Rawls - Teorija pravdeMarijana Grbeša, Berto Šalaj - Dobar, loš ili zao? Populizam u Hrvatskoj Siniša Malešević - Države-nacije i nacionalizmi. Organizacija, ideologija i solidarnost John Rawls - Teorija pravd

Extreme-right ideology, practice and supporters: Case study of the serbian radical party

This paper deals with the European extreme right in general, and the Serbian extreme right in particular. One can find almost all the symptoms of the extreme right present in the ideology of the Serbian Radical Party, as the leading extreme-right party in Serbia. In the unlikely case of a general upsurge of the European extreme right, the Radicals might even join forces with more extremist neo- Nazi groups and thus produce a frightening reincarnation of the SA formations. A more realistic danger comes fromthe attractiveness of the Serbian Radical Party to the lower strata. The losers in the process of social transformation, such as the numerous unemployed, unskilled and semi-skilled workers represent a deep reservoir of support for the extreme right, especially given the profound lack of credibility of the left in Serbia at the end of the 1990s. With so many losers produced by the postsocialist economic reforms and with the bitterly disputed status of Kosovo and Republika Srpska, the political potential of the extreme right in Serbia is ominously large. Nevertheless, the recent split will certainly damage the SRP very signficantly, leaving it without able politicians in the leadership

Stereotypes about the Serbs in public of some western nations

Stereotypes have two components: cognitive and motivational are in focus of social psychology, on the one side, and ideological and functional are in focus of sociology, on the other. The author stresses the significance of taking into consideration both of them because it is the only way for complete understanding of the phenomenon. The analysis shows the historical background, motives and functions of the stereotype formation about the Serbs as well as the other nations of Balkans. Western public cultivates negative stereotypes about whole Balkans as well as about 'Orient', 'orthodox civilization' and the Slavs at least in last two centuries. The stereotypes about communists are important because of communist's background of Milošević's regime