Marketplace Experiences of Individuals with Visual Impairments: Beyond the Americans with Disabilities Act

The authors explore how consumers with a variety of visual impairments handle day-to-day interactions with service providers, products, and services. Interviews with 21 people with visual impairments reveal that there are considerable individual differences in adaptation strategies, including the degree of independence desired and achieved. Interview themes are explicated by means of a conceptual model of the contexts and interplay of dependence and independence in the lives of people with visual impairments. The model suggests that independence and dependence are not mere opposites on a single dimension; rather, they are domain-specific and complex and are determined by both environmental factors and personal characteristics. It further suggests that some forms of dependency may be as adaptive for many people as is the striving for independence by others. The authors conclude with a discussion of implications for the Americans with Disabilities Act and marketing practice as well as the larger area of consumer vulnerability

Building understanding of the domain of consumer vulnerability.

Consumer vulnerability is a sometimes misunderstood o

Material Food Probes:Personalized 3D Printed Flavors for Intimate Communication

Interactions with food are complex, integrating rich multisensory experiences within emotionally meaningful social contexts. Yet, the opportunities to explore food as material resource for emotional communication have been less explored. We describe a two-month project with 5 couples centered on the co-design of personalized flavors for intimate communication, which were experienced through an explorative three day study involving a 3D food printer in participants’ homes. We discuss the value of our findings indicating preferences for both remembered and imagined positive flavors and their integration in focal intimacy practices to support emotional coregulation. We also discuss material food probes and their value for exploring and inspiring both design-with and design-around food

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

The stigma turbine:A theoretical framework for conceptualizing and contextualizing marketplace stigma

Stigmas, or discredited personal attributes, emanate from social perceptions of physical characteristics, aspects of character, and “tribal” associations (e.g., race; Goffman 1963). Extant research emphasizes the perspective of the stigma target, with some scholars exploring how social institutions shape stigma. Yet the ways stakeholders within the socio-commercial sphere create, perpetuate, or resist stigma remain overlooked. We introduce and define marketplace stigma as the labeling, stereotyping, and devaluation by and of commercial stakeholders (consumers, companies and their employees, stockholders, institutions) and their offerings (products, services, experiences). We offer the Stigma Turbine (ST) as a unifying conceptual framework that locates marketplace stigma within the broader sociocultural context, and illuminates its relationship to forces that exacerbate or blunt stigma. In unpacking the ST, we reveal the critical role market stakeholders can play in (de)stigmatization, explore implications for marketing practice and public policy, and offer a research agenda to further our understanding of marketplace stigma and stakeholder welfare

Task, associative, ego, and extrinsic goal orientations: An experiential analysis of collectors\u27 search

This dissertation draws primarily from two streams of research in marketing, the collecting literature and the consumer search literature as well as research in social and educational psychology to examine the goals, behaviors, and benefits of collectors\u27 search processes. Based upon achievement theory, a typology of goal orientations is developed. The typology identifies four categories of goal orientations in collecting: task, associative, ego, and extrinsic and suggests that these goals can be used to predict the different characteristics of individuals in each category and the differential effects of each goal orientation on search behaviors and the benefits derived from collecting. The primary contribution of this dissertation is that it examines both the emotional and cognitive states of the collector embedded in his/her search experiences. It is also unique in that the typology and hypotheses were developed by melding previous theoretical work with substantive findings discovered in qualitative research (i.e., a pluralistic philosophy guided its conceptualization). Using a traditional social psychological approach, a variety of theories are drawn upon to examine the acquisition processes of collecting. More specifically, cognitive evaluation theory, curiosity theory, flow theory, and theories of consumer search provide the theoretical foundation for the hypotheses and qualitative studies of child and adult collectors provide the substantive foundation for the hypothesis. The results of a survey of antique collectors show that collectors with different goal orientations differ in the degree to which they feel self-determined, competent, curious, and motivated to achieve flow. It also finds that the goal orientation with which a collector approaches his/her search affects the extent to which they search and the information sources (objective or subjective) which are used as well as the benefits obtained from search including flow, hedonic and utilitarian satisfaction, spontaneous experiences, and self-gift experiences for reward and/or therapy

Ten lessons for qualitative transformative service researchers

Purpose: This paper offers key methodological insights for scholars new to qualitative transformative service research (TSR). Design/methodology/approach: The paper offers ten lessons on conducting qualitative TSR that the authors have gleaned, across more than 30 years (combined) of qualitative inquiries and engagement with other scholars conducting and publishing what may be now termed TSR. Findings: The key lessons of conducting qualitative TSR work include: displaying ethics in conducting and presenting qualitative TSR; preparing for and understanding the research context; considering design, mechanics and technical elements; being participant-centric; co-creating meaning with participants; seeking/using diverse types of data; analyzing data in an iterative fashion, including/respecting multiple perspectives; presenting evidence in innovative ways; and looking inward at every stage of the research process. Social implications: The paper provides implications for addressing the vulnerability of both research participants and researchers with the aim of improving research methods that lead to improved service research and well-being outcomes. Originality/value: Clearly, the complexity and importance of the social problems TSR scholars investigate – poverty, war, disaster recovery, inadequate healthcare – requires preparation for how to engage in transformative service research. Importantly, the paper fits with recent persistent calls within the broader literature of services marketing to: use service research and design to create “uplifting changes” within society and broaden the paradigmatic underpinnings of service research to include dynamic, process-oriented approaches, which capture the dynamic and relational aspects of service ecosystems

Trying to keep you: how grief, abjection, and ritual transform the social meanings of a human body

The present research illuminates how the grief process and the abject force us to confront and reconcile the strangeness of a loved one’s lifeless human body. We find that the grief process, initially fueled by abjection, moves the social meanings of a human body in death through three stages: (1) divorcing the deceased’s identity from the body, (2) seeking tangible substitutes, and (3) attaining meaning outside the physical realm. These findings reveal how the process of grief, the abject, and the ritual practices surrounding it, transform the social meanings of a human body and other related symbolic consumption items. This work contributes to the literature by illuminating our understanding of the fluidity of identity that extends beyond a person’s natural life and by revealing how renegotiating the relationship with a physical body is important for the self-preservation of the living