Assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on groundwater quality in Maiduguri, Nigeria

This study investigates the impact of anthropogenic activities on groundwater quality; this was achieved by determining the concentration of potential anthropogenic contaminant indicator parameters such as nitrate, chloride, phosphate, and sulphate in the groundwater samples of the study area. A total of 30groundwater samples,15 each from the northern and southern partsof Maiduguri where obtained across a period of 2 months. Results ofthe groundwater analysesshowed that nitrate (NO3-) has mean concentration of 13.7mg/l in the northern part (site A), and 15.53 mg/l in the southern part (site B).Chloride (Cl-)has a mean concentration of 10.62 and 13.33 mg/l respectively in sites A and B. Sulphate (SO4-) has mean concentration of 3.52 mg/l in site A and 1.46 mg/l in site B. Lastly,phosphate (PO4-) has mean concentration of 1.39 and 1.52 mg/l in sites A and B respectively. The Mean concentrations were tested for their significant difference (p <0.05) across the boreholes of the two sites.Water quality results indicate that the impact of anthropogenic activities in the study area is low to moderate currently. The outcome of this paper will be useful in planning for sustainable groundwater management strategy

Challenges to the Implementation of International Health Regulations (2005) on Preventing Infectious Diseases: Experience from Julius Nyerere International Airport, Tanzania.

The International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) is a legal instrument binding all World Health Organization (WHO) member States. It aims to prevent and control public health emergencies of international concern. Country points of entry (POEs) have been identified as potential areas for effective interventions to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases across borders. The agreement postulates that member states will strengthen core capacities detailed in the IHR (2005), including those specified for the POE. This study intended to assess the challenges faced in implementing the IHR (2005) requirements at Julius Nyerere International Airport (JNIA), Dar es Salaam. A cross-sectional, descriptive study, employing qualitative methods, was conducted at the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW), WHO, and JNIA. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs) and documentary reviews were used to obtain relevant information. Respondents were purposively enrolled into the study. Thematic analysis was used to generate study findings. Several challenges that hamper implementation of the IHR (2005) were identified: (1) none of the 42 Tanzanian POEs have been specifically designated to implement IHR (2005). (2) Implementation of the IHR (2005) at the POE was complicated as it falls under various uncoordinated government departments. Although there were clear communication channels at JNIA that enhanced reliable risk communication, the airport lacked isolated rooms specific for emergence preparedness and response to public health events. JNIA is yet to develop adequate core capacities required for implementation of the IHR (2005). There is a need for policy managers to designate JNIA to implement IHR (2005) and ensure that public health policies, legislations, guidelines, and practice at POE are harmonized to improve international travel and trade. Policy makers and implementers should also ensure that implementation of the IHR (2005) follow the policy implementation framework, particularly the contextual interaction theory which calls for the availability of adequate resources (inputs) and well-organized process for the successful implementation of the policy

Assessment of Implementation of International Health Regulations (2005) on Preventing Infectious Diseases: A Case Study of Julius Nyerere International Airport, Dar es Salaam.

The International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) is a legal instrument binds all World Health Organization (WHO) Member States in order to prevent and control the Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC). In this connection, the points of entry (POE) have been identified to be potential areas for effective interventions. In the 58th World Health Assembly (WHA) held in Geneva, Switzerland in 2005 WHO Member States agreed to strengthen the identified core capacities including those needed at POE towards the implementation of IHR (2005). Therefore this study intended to assess the implementation status towards the IHR (2005) requirements at Julius Nyerere International Airport (JNIA), Dar es Salaam. To assess the implementation of the International Health Regulations (2005) in prevention and control of infectious diseases. A cross sectional descriptive study using the qualitative approach conducted at the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW), WHO and JNIA. In-depth interviews, focus group discussion (FGD) and documentary reviews were used to obtain the information. Respondents were purposively enrolled. Thematic analysis was used to generate the report. There was correct understanding of the IHR (2005) to some of key decision makers at the MoHSW. Officials at the MoHSW and JNIA were aware of the existing national acts and guidelines used to regulate health issues. Nevertheless they lack mechanisms for information sharing. Tanzania has a total of 42 POE, none of them has been designated to implement IHR (2005). The IHR (2005) implementation at the POE was under various departments uncoordinated. There were clear communication channels at JNIA, which enhanced reliable risk communication. Emergence preparedness and response to public health events at JNIA was far away to be realized since most of crucial issues were not in place. Harmonised public health policies, legislations, guidelines and practice could improve international travel and trade. JNIA was proposed as designated POE to implement IHR (2005).\u

44 - COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES TO ANALYZE THE NITROGEN SECOND POSITIVE SYSTEM

One of the most easily identifiable parts of a nitrogen molecular emission spectra is the second positive system, which has strong emission bands between 300 nm and 400 nm. This system is often used to determine the gas temperature for electric discharges since the rotational temperature in most of these systems is very close to the actual gas temperature. However, when using these systems many researchers assume that the band intensity for middle range angular momentum quantum numbers can be fitted by a Boltzmann distribution. This assumption is only true if the system is in thermal dynamic equilibrium, which does not occur for most electric discharges. This poster will focus on simulations of the system and how these simulations can be used to more accurately predict the gas temperature in a discharge without assuming thermal equilibrium

National Integration in Humanities and Development: The Way Forward

This paper examines the following concepts nation and its attributes; national integration, development and social studies education. The paper also discusses the concept of national integration, theories of nation al integration and the problems of national integration in Nigeria. It further discusses the factors of disunity and under development, other nations have used social studies education in integrating their citizens for national development and prowess. The paper demonstrates how social studies education can be used in integrating the Nigerian citizens for national development. The paper concludes with recommendations

The relationship between Export, Import, Domestic Investment and Economic Growth in Egypt: Empirical Analysis

This paper investigates the relationship between exports, imports, domestic investment and economic growth in Egypt. In order to achieve this purpose, annual data for the periods between 1965 and 2015 was tested by using Johansen co-integration analysis of Vector Error Correction Model to explore the long run and the short run relationships between these variables. The empirical results indicate that in the long run domestic investment and exports have negative impact on economic growth, however imports have positive effect on economic growth. In the short run, empirical analyses show that only imports cause economic growth. These findings present the critical situation of Egypt, which requires an entry of urgent economic reform

Barriers to Microenterprise Initialization, Growth, and Success

Entrepreneurs are vital to the economic stability of any community. This applied business research was an exploration of the coping strategies of African American microentrepreneurs to the barriers that impede business initialization, growth, and success. Participants’ narratives were the sources of data. Findings revealed ways to change the business support dynamic for this group.https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/archivedposters/1065/thumbnail.jp

From high performance target to social destabilization: Analyzing doping drugs overdose among young manual workers in Northern Benin

This research work seeks to understand the mechanisms through which doping drug overdose gradually leads to social destabilization construct among young rural workers in Northern Benin. Regarded as high-risk behaviors spreading among the active youth, the inappropriate consumption of doping drugs turns out to become a source of public health problems among the majority of farming communities. The sociologically-oriented brainstorming sprouting from this research paper emerges as a result of an ethnographic study drawing on the qualitative research paradigm. It considers the risk perceptions issue in a social environment divided between the local social values conservation and hard work-driven productivity. The analyzed data are collected following long sequences of observations fitted in between by several individuals and focus groups interviews. The households are adopted to serve not only as observation units but also as spaces where the young over users of doping drugs socialize. Therefore, the young manual workers become bogged down in the new momentum giving rise to new social profiles the success of which depends on the overuse of performance-enhancing drugs