Water-Borne Perovskite Quantum Dot-Loaded, Polystyrene Latex Ink

Highly lipophilic nanocrystals (NCs) of cesium lead halides were successfully embedded in polystyrene (PS) particles by deliberately controlling the swelling of the PS particles in the mixtures of good and bad organic solvents. The resulting composite particles were readily transferred into water via simple stepwise solvent exchange, which yielded water-borne perovskite NC-based inks with outstanding structural and chemical stability in aqueous media. Minimal change in the photoluminescence (PL) of the NCs loaded in the PS particles was visible after 1 month of incubation of the composite particles in water in a broad pH range from 1 to 14, which could otherwise be hardly realized. Loading into the PS particles also made the NCs highly stable against polar organic solvents, such as ethanol, intense light irradiation, and heat. The NC PL intensity slightly changed after the composite particles were heated at 75°C and under irradiation of strong blue light (@365 nm) for 1 h. Furthermore, the PS matrices could effectively inhibit the exchange of halide anions between two differently sized perovskite NCs loaded therein, thereby offering a considerable technical advantage in the application of multiple perovskite NCs for multicolor display in the future

Devitrification-induced an Ultrahigh Strength Al-based Composite Maintaining Ductility

status: publishe

Evolution Mechanism of Sputtered Film Uniformity with the Erosion Groove Size: Integrated Simulation and Experiment

In this work, Cu thin films were experimentally fabricated at different target–substrate distances by 2-inch and 4-inch circular planar magnetron targets. Meanwhile, the sputtering deposition of Cu thin films was investigated via an integrated multiscale simulation, where the magnetron sputtering discharge was modeled using the Monte Carlo (MC) method, and the sputtered particle transport was simulated using a coupled Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) method. Experimental results indicated that, as the target–substrate distance increased from 30 to 120 mm, the film thickness distribution of the 2-inch target sputtering changed from a bell-shaped curve to a line-shaped curve, while that of the 4-inch target sputtering varied from a saddle-shaped curve to a line-shaped curve. The simulation results were accordant with the experimental results. The simulation results revealed that, at a target–substrate distance of 30 mm, the sputtering particle flow from the 2-inch target overlapped strongly near the substrate center, leading to a bell-shaped film thickness distribution, while the increased diameter of the erosion groove on the 4-inch target reduced the superposition effect of the sputtering particle flow near the substrate center, resulting in a saddle-shaped film thickness distribution. In addition, when the target–substrate distance ranged from 30 to 120 mm, the film thickness uniformity of 4-inch target sputtering was superior to that of 2-inch target sputtering, and the underlying mechanism was discussed in detail

Effect of Cooling Rate on AlN Precipitation in FeCrAl Stainless Steel During Solidification

The effect of cooling rate on the evolution of AlN inclusions precipitated during solidification in FeCrAl stainless steel was investigated using an experimental study and thermodynamic and kinetic calculations. The number and size of AlN inclusions precipitated under different cooling rates were examined with the feature function of the field-emission scanning electron microscope. A model combining micro-segregation and the diffusion-controlled growth model was set up to determine the mechanism of AlN particle growth. The results showed that AlN precipitates in the mushy zone. The size of AlN particles decreases and the number of AlN particles increases with increasing cooling rate, whereas the volume fraction is essentially unchanged. The AlN particles grow during solidification after the content of solutes in molten steel has exceeded the concentration in equilibrium with AlN. The nitrogen content varies significantly with the cooling rate during solidification. Increasing the cooling rate and reducing the nitrogen content in the molten steel can reduce the AlN particle size in FeCrAl alloys as the growth time decreases

Sensitivity of Corrosion Behavior for Fe-Based Amorphous Coating to Temperature and Chloride Concentration

The effects of solution concentration and temperature on the electrochemical behavior of the Fe-based amorphous (AMCs) coatings in NaCl solution were studied by using conventional electrochemical measurement and XPS analysis. Results indicated that as solution concentration and temperature increased, the current density for the Fe-based AMCs increased and the pitting potential decreased. This reduced corrosion resistance was derived from the decreased passivation index and polarization resistance, which contributed to the decrease of the induction time (tm) for the initiation of corrosion pit. The passive films formed on Fe-based AMCs exhibit two types’ semiconductors higher and lower the flat band potential. The decrease of protectiveness of the passive film was mainly correlated with the reduction of Cr2O3 content, the increase of carrier density and the decrease of the work function (WF)

Binary blends and ternary composites as proton exchange membranes

Naphthalene-containing blendmembranes, comprising sulfonated polyaryletherketone (SPAEK) as the primary matrix, and basic component polyazomethine (PAM), which has a chemical structure partially similar with SPAEK, were investigated as protonexchangemembranes (PEMs). Further, a ternary-compositemembrane was successfully prepared by introducing acid-functionalized polysilsesquioxane (POSS\u2013SO3H) into SPAEK/PAM composite using a sol\u2013gel process. The relevant properties of the PEMs, such as proton conductivity, methanol permeability, water uptake, and morphology were determined, and it was shown that the ternary-compositemembrane, SPAEK/PAM/POSS\u2013SO3H, showed a superior combination of properties for proton conductivity and methanol resistance. Its selectivity was 7.5 times higher than Nafion.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye