The Combination of Low-Temperature Plasma and <i>Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F</i> on Ameliorating Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasiform Dermatitis in Mice

Improving the transdermal delivery efficiency of medicine is a crucial measure to improve the treatment efficiency of psoriasis. This paper developed a low-cost, highly active, and large-action-area low-temperature plasma (LTP) jet array. The two components of plasma—the high concentration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the strong electric field—easily changed the structural integrity of the stratum corneum, which enhanced the transdermal delivery of the medicine. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) is a medicine used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. The enhanced transdermal delivery of TwHF significantly alleviated the severed psoriasiform dermatitis induced by the imiquimod. Unlike the TwHF treatment alone, the LTP + TwHF treatment was more efficient at suppressing epidermal thickening and inhibiting systemic inflammation without noticeable side effects. LTP + TwHF treatment provides a potential new solution for psoriasis treatment

Spatiotemporal Joint Cleaning of Distribution Network Measurement Data Based on Correntropy Criterion with Variable Center Unscented Kalman Filter

Measurement data cleaning is a key step of edge computing in a distribution network; it is beneficial to improve the state perception and regional autonomy level of a distribution network. According to the temporal and spatial correlation of measurement data in the distribution network, a joint cleaning method of measurement data in a distribution network is proposed based on the correntropy criterion with variable center unscented Kalman filter (CC-VC-UKF). Initially, the mean square error (MSE) in the original unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is replaced by the correntropy criterion with variable center (CC-VC) to improve the accuracy of filtering the measurement data in the distribution network with a non-Gaussian non-zero mean measurement deviation. Then, the measured data of different measuring devices located on the same section of the line are filtered based on the CC-VC-UKF algorithm according to their respective reference time series to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured data. Then, the filtered measured data are filtered and cleaned based on the CC-VC-UKF algorithm according to the space&ndash;time joint filtering and cleaning technology. Finally, the method is used to test the measurement data of the distribution network obtained by a power supply company in a city in north China to solve the problem of measurement deviation caused by the existence of space distance. Results show that this method can obtain FTU measurement data with higher precision from network topology based on the filtered TTU measurement data through the media of filtered spatial measurement deviation

Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial study on the catechin-functionalized ZnO nanoclusters

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanomaterials has received recent attention due to the potential application of these nanomaterials as biocidal agents to combat antibiotic resistant organisms. In this paper, we provide a facile, one-step hydrothermal approach to prepare catechin-functionalized ZnO nanoclusters in aqueous solution. The obtained ZnO nanoclusters were characterized by UV spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results of FTIR indicated that the catechin molecules were adsorbed on the surface of ZnO nanoclusters. TEM determination revealed that small ZnO nanoparticles tend to aggregate and form nanocluster structures. Antibacterial activity was tested by paper disk diffusion and the catechin-functionalized ZnO nanoclusters showed high biocidal activity against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and fungi

Atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium plasmas for effective abatement of pathogenic biological aerosols

The COVID-19, viral influenza, tuberculosis, and other widespread infectious diseases evidence that pathogenic biological aerosols (PBAs) are a serious threat to public health. Different from traditional inactivation methods, such as ultraviolet (UV) light which are only safe to use when people are not present, and high-efficiency particulate filters (HEPA) which merely filter microbes without killing them, atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasma (APNP) has shown its tremendous potential in drastically diminishing the aerosol transmission route of the infectious agents through the abatement of PBAs. The key issues to develop high performance APNP based air purification system are critically reviewed. Systematic studies on the hazards of different PBAs and the spread of PBAs in indoor environments guide the development of APNP sources to control communicable diseases. The key six sampling and seven detection methods on PBAs are introduced to analyze the PBA abatement efficiency by APNP. Seven common APNP sources which can remove viruses and bacteria aerosols efficiently developed during the past 8 years are introduced. For the APNP sources with small plasma volume, the electric field and diffusion driven charging are the dominant mechanisms to charge PBAs, while the common methods of dusty plasma research can be adapted to atmospheric-pressure conditions to describe the charging effects of APNP sources with large plasma volume. Plentiful long- and short-lifetime reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generated by APNP effectively contribute to inactivation of bacterial aerosols. Current studies suggest that viral aerosols are mainly inactivated by short-lifetime RONS including 1O2, ONOO- and ONOOH. The study on the dissolution and reaction of gaseous RONS in microdroplets and accurate measurements on the evolution of charged PBAs are envisaged to be the focus of future research. Opportunities for multidisciplinary collaborative research to advance the development of next-generation high-performance plasma-based air purifiers are highlighted. </p

Structural basis of increased binding affinities of spikes from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants to rabbit and hare ACE2s reveals the expanding host tendency

ABSTRACTThe potential host range of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been expanding alongside its evolution during the pandemic, with rabbits and hares being considered important potential hosts, supported by a report of rabbit sero-prevalence in nature. We measured the binding affinities of rabbit and hare angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with receptor-binding domains (RBDs) from SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and its variants and found that rabbit and hare ACE2s had broad variant tropism, with significantly enhanced affinities to Omicron BA.4/5 and its subsequent-emerged sub-variants (>10 fold). The structures of rabbit ACE2 complexed with either SARS-CoV-2 prototype (PT) or Omicron BA.4/5 spike (S) proteins were determined, thereby unveiling the importance of rabbit ACE2 Q34 in RBD-interaction and elucidating the molecular basis of the enhanced binding with Omicron BA.4/5 RBD. These results address the highly enhanced risk of rabbits infecting SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants and the importance of constant surveillance.IMPORTANCEThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has swept the globe and caused immense health and economic damage. SARS-CoV-2 has demonstrated a broad host range, indicating a high risk of interspecies transmission and adaptive mutation. Therefore, constant monitoring for potential hosts is of immense importance. In this study, we found that Omicron BA.4/5 and subsequent-emerged sub-variants exhibited enhanced binding to both rabbit and hare angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and we elucidated the structural mechanism of their recognition. From the structure, we found that Q34, a unique residue of rabbit ACE2 compared to other ACE2 orthologs, plays an important role in ACE2 recognition. These results address the probability of rabbits/hares being potential hosts of SARS-CoV-2 and broaden our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 interspecies transmission

3-D mesh-based optical network-on-chip for multiprocessor system-on-chip

Optical networks-on-chip (ONoCs) are emerging communication architectures that can potentially offer ultrahigh communication bandwidth and low latency to multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs). In addition to ONoC architectures, 3-D integrated technologies offer an opportunity to continue performance improvements with higher integration densities. In this paper, we present a 3-D mesh-based ONoC for MPSoCs, and new low-cost nonblocking 4 × 4, 5 × 5, 6 × 6, and 7 × 7 optical routers for dimension-order routing in the 3-D mesh-based ONoC. Besides, we propose an optimized floorplan for the 3-D mesh-based ONoC. The floorplan follows the regular 3-D mesh topology but implements all optical routers in a single optical layer. The floorplan is optimized to minimize the number of extra waveguide crossings caused when merging the 3-D ONoC to one optical layer. Based on a set of real applications and uniform traffic pattern, we develop a SystemC-based cycle-accurate NoC simulator and compare the 3-D mesh-based ONoC with the matched 2-D mesh-based ONoC and 2-D electronic NoC for performance and energy efficiency. Additionally, we quantitatively analyze thermal effects on the 3-D 8 × 8 × 2 mesh-based ONoC

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Comparative genetic analysis and pathological characteristics of goose parvovirus isolated in Heilongjiang, China

GPV DNA amplification results. M: marker; Li: Liver; Lu: Lung; Ki: Kidney; Bu: Bursa of Fabricius; Pa: Pancreas; Du: Duodenum; Re: Rectum; Je: Jejunum; Il: Ileum; La: Large intestine; Sk: Skeletal muscle; Br: Brain; Tr: Trachea; 24 and 192: Un-inoculated 24 and 192 h; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10: Duck ID number in Table 3. 1: 4Li; 2: 4Sk; 3: 4Br; 4: 4La; 5: 7 Pa; 6: 2Li; 7: 2 Pa; 8: 3Br; 9:1 Pa;10:3Tr; 11: 4Ca; 12: 3Bu; 13: 4Je; 14: 1Ca; 15: 4Tr; 16:1Li; 17:1Lu; 18: 3Du; 19: 2Ki; 20: 3 Pa; 21:1Tr; 22: 4Lu; 23: 4Ki; 24: 3Ki; 25: 2Ca; 26: 3Re; 27: 7Lu; 28: 2Sk; 29: 2Lu; 30: 7Li; 31: 3La; 32:3Sk; 33: 10Du; 34: 7Tr; 35: 6 Pa; 36: 3Il; 37: 5Je; 38: 7Re; 39: 5 Pa; 40: 3Je; 41: 2Tr; 42: 6Br; 43: 7La; 44: 1Je; 45: 7Du; 46: 7Ca; 47: 1Bu; 48: 7Il; 49: 4Du; 50: 10Je; 51:1La; 52: 9La; 53: 8Bu; 54: 1Br; 55: 3Lu; 56: 2Br; 57:5Br; 58: 7Br; 59: 8Br; 60: 9Bu; 61: 1Il; 62: 10Il; 63: 2La; 64: 4Re; 65:10Br; 66: 10Ca; 67: 9Lu; 68: 9Tr; 69: 7Ki; 70: 4 Pa; 71:9Re; 72:8La; 73: 5Ca; 74: 6Ca; 75: 8Je; 76: 7Bu; 77: 5Li; 78: 6Li; 79: 2Je; 80: 8Ca; 81: 10La; 82: 5Lu; 83: 6Lu; 84: 2Il; 85:8Lu; 86:1Ki; 87:9Br; 88:5Ki; 89:6Ki; 90: 8Ki; 91: 9Ki; 92: 10Ki; 93: 2Bu; 94: 4Bu; 95: 5Bu; 96: 8Li; 97: 6Bu; 98: 3Li; 99:2Du; 100: 5Du; 101: 3Ca; 102: 9Li; 103: 6Du; 104: 4Il; 105:8Du; 106: 9Du; 107: 2Re; 108:10Li; 109:10Lu; 110: 5Re; 111:10Bu; 112: 8 Pa; 113:9 Pa; 114: 6Re; 115: 8Re; 116: 6Je; 117: 9Je; 118: 5Il; 119: 6Il; 120: 1Sk; 121:5Sk; 122 6Sk; 123:10 Pa; 124: 8Sk; 125: 9Sk; 126:10Re; 127:1Du; 128: 10Sk; 129: 5Tr; 130:1Re; 131:7Je; 132:8Tr; 133: 6Tr; 134: 10Tr; 135:9Ca; 136: 5La; 137: 6La; 138: 7Sk; 139: 8Il; 140: 9Il; 141: 24Ca; 142: 24Li; 143: 24Lu; 144: 24Ki; 145: 24Bu; 146: 24 Pa; 147: 24Du; 148: 24Re; 149: 24Il; 150: 24Je; 151: 24La; 152: 24Sk; 153: 24Br; 154: 24Tr; 155:192Ca; 156:192Li; 157:192Lu; 158:192Ki; 159:192Bu; 160: 192 Pa; 161: 192 Du; 162:192Re; 163:192Il; 164:192Je; 165:192La; 166:192Sk; 167:192Br; 168:192Tr; 169:192con. Figure S2. Duck embryo muscle tissues inoculated with serial dilutions. Dentified by PCR. A 1.2 × 102PFU. B 1.2 × 103PFU. C 1.2 × 104PFU. D 1.2 × 105PFU. (PDF 289 kb

Evaluation of unimodal and multimodal information in health communication on GGO-related lung cancer screening: An eye-tracking study

Aims: To find out a better propaganda and education plan for the popularization of the ground-glass opacities-related (GGO-related) lung cancer screening.Methods and Material: The control group took a lung cancer screening knowledge test directly before receiving the health education. By contrast, the experimental group took the same knowledge test after receiving health education. This study designed unimodal and multimodal materials about GGO-related lung cancer. The text and graph were considered unimodal information, while the video was multimodal information. According to the different information forms they were exposed to, the experimental group was further divided into text, graphic, and video groups. An eye-tracking system was performed to record eye-tracking data synchronously.Results: Compared with the control group, the knowledge test scores of each experimental group were remarkably improved. Furthermore, the graphic group had a significantly higher correct rate on the No. 7 question, while the video group had the lowest. In terms of saccades, the video group had significantly higher speed and amplitude of saccades than the other two groups. In terms of fixation, the interval duration, total duration of whole fixations, and a number of whole fixations of the graphic group were significantly lower than those of the other two groups, while the video group had the highest values for these variables.Conclusions: It was on the unimodal information, such as text and graphics, that people can spend less time and cost to achieve effective acquisition of GGO-related lung cancer screening knowledge