Finite element analysis of porously punched prosthetic short stem virtually designed for simulative uncemented hip arthroplasty

Background: There is no universal hip implant suitably fills all femoral types, whether prostheses of porous short-stem suitable for Hip Arthroplasty is to be measured scientifically. Methods: Ten specimens of femurs scanned by CT were input onto Mimics to rebuild 3D models; their *stl format dataset were imported into Geomagic-Studio for simulative osteotomy; the generated *.igs dataset were interacted by UG to fit solid models; the prosthesis were obtained by the same way from patients, and bored by punching bears designed by Pro-E virtually; cements between femora and prosthesis were extracted by deleting prosthesis; in HyperMesh, all compartments were assembled onto four artificial joint style as: (a) cemented long-stem prosthesis; (b) porous long-stem prosthesis; (c) cemented short-stem prosthesis; (d) porous short-stem prosthesis. Then, these numerical models of Finite Element Analysis were exported to AnSys for numerical solution. Results: Observed whatever from femur or prosthesis or combinational femora-prostheses, “Kruskal-Wallis” value p > 0.05 demonstrates that displacement of (d) ≈ (a) ≈ (b) ≈ (c) shows nothing different significantly by comparison with 600 N load. If stresses are tested upon prosthesis, (d) ≈ (a) ≈ (b) ≈ (c) is also displayed; if upon femora, (d) ≈ (a) ≈ (b) < (c) is suggested; if upon integral joint, (d) ≈ (a) < (b) < (c) is presented. Conclusions: Mechanically, these four sorts of artificial joint replacement are stabilized in quantity. Cemented short-stem prostheses present the biggest stress, while porous short-stem & cemented long-stem designs are equivalently better than porous long-stem prostheses and alternatives for femoral-head replacement. The preferred design of those two depends on clinical conditions. The cemented long-stem is favorable for inactive elders with osteoporosis, and porously punched cementless short-stem design is suitable for patients with osteoporosis, while the porously punched cementless short-stem is favorable for those with a cement allergy. Clinically, the strength of this study is to enable preoperative strategy to provide acute correction and decrease procedure time

Pm223899, a new recessive powdery mildew resistance gene identified in Afghanistan landrace PI 223899

Key message A new recessive powdery mildew resistance gene, Pm223899, was identified in Afghanistan wheat landrace PI 223899 and mapped to an interval of about 831 Kb in the terminal region of the short arm of chromosome 1A. Abstract Wheat powdery mildew, a globally important disease caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt), has occurred with increased frequency and severity in recent years, and some widely deployed resistance genes have lost effectiveness. PI 223899 is an Afghanistan landrace exhibiting high resistance to Bgt isolates collected from the Great Plains. An F2 population and F2: 3 lines derived from a cross between PI 223899 and OK1059060-126135-3 were evaluated for response to Bgt isolate OKS(14)-B-3-1, and the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) approach was used to map the powdery mildew resistance gene. Genetic analysis indicated that a recessive gene, designated Pm223899, conferred powdery mildew resistance in PI 223899. Linkage analysis placed Pm223899 to an interval of about 831 Kb in the terminal region of chromosome 1AS, spanning 4,504,697–5,336,062 bp of the Chinese Spring reference sequence. Eight genes were predicted in this genomic region, including TraesCS1AG008300 encoding a putative disease resistance protein RGA4. Pm223899 was flanked proximally by a SSR marker STARS333 (1.4 cM) and distally by the Pm3 locus (0.3 cM). One F2 recombinant was identified between Pm3 and Pm223899 using a Pm3b-specific marker, indicating that Pm223899 is most likely a new gene, rather than an allele of the Pm3 locus. Pm223389 confers a high level of resistance to Bgt isolates collected from Pennsylvania, Oklahoma, Nebraska, and Montana. Therefore, Pm223389 can be used to enhance powdery mildew resistance in these states. Pm3b-1 and STARS333 have the potential to tag Pm223389 in wheat breeding

Deep Lossy Plus Residual Coding for Lossless and Near-lossless Image Compression

Lossless and near-lossless image compression is of paramount importance to professional users in many technical fields, such as medicine, remote sensing, precision engineering and scientific research. But despite rapidly growing research interests in learning-based image compression, no published method offers both lossless and near-lossless modes. In this paper, we propose a unified and powerful deep lossy plus residual (DLPR) coding framework for both lossless and near-lossless image compression. In the lossless mode, the DLPR coding system first performs lossy compression and then lossless coding of residuals. We solve the joint lossy and residual compression problem in the approach of VAEs, and add autoregressive context modeling of the residuals to enhance lossless compression performance. In the near-lossless mode, we quantize the original residuals to satisfy a given $\ell_\infty$ error bound, and propose a scalable near-lossless compression scheme that works for variable $\ell_\infty$ bounds instead of training multiple networks. To expedite the DLPR coding, we increase the degree of algorithm parallelization by a novel design of coding context, and accelerate the entropy coding with adaptive residual interval. Experimental results demonstrate that the DLPR coding system achieves both the state-of-the-art lossless and near-lossless image compression performance with competitive coding speed.Comment: manuscript accepted by TPAMI, source code:https://github.com/BYchao100/Deep-Lossy-Plus-Residual-Codin

Covariation for microsatellite marker alleles associated with Rht8 and coleoptile length in winter wheat

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with greater coleoptile elongation are preferred in low-precipitation dryland regions and in early-planted management systems of the Great Plains, but the presence of GA3 (gibberellin)-insensitive dwarfing genes tends to restrict coleoptile elongation. The agronomic value of Rht8 and the discovery of its diagnostic microsatellite marker, Xgwm 261, have accelerated breeders' interest in Rht8 as an alternative dwarfing gene. Our objectives were to determine allelic distributions at the marker locus in contemporary samples of hard winter and soft red winter wheat relative to samples of Chinese accessions from a Rht8-rich geographic region, and to compare coleoptile elongation in the presence or absence of Rht8 determined by the Xgwm 261 marker. The 165-bp (primarily hard winter wheats) and the 174-bp (primarily soft red winter wheats) alleles of Xgwm 261 were most frequent. About 8% of all U.S. accessions carried the 192-bp allele diagnostic for Rht8, compared with 64% of the Chinese accessions. Coleoptile length varied among accessions from 4.4 to 11.4 cm. Frequency distributions for 192- and non-192-bp genotypes showed no advantage of the 192-bp allele to coleoptile elongation. None of the 192-bp genotypes from the Great Plains showed greater coleoptile length than 'TAM 107', a hard red winter cultivar without Rht8 often chosen over contemporary cultivars for its greater emergence capacity with deeper seed placement. Since coleoptile elongation may be controlled by several quantitative trait loci, identifying only the presence of 192-bp allele of Xgwm 261 may be misleading if the primary motivation for its deployment is to increase coleoptile length in a semidwarf plant type.Peer reviewedPlant and Soil Science

Study of Temperature Dependence of the Deposition Rates of Ni-P Based Sonication-Assisted Nanoscale Electroless Composite Plating

In this study, SiCp/Ni-P nano-composite coatings were fabricated on 45 steel substrates under ultrasonic excitation at temperatures from 85 °C to 45 °C. The micro-morphologies and compositions of the coatings were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersion Spectrum (EDS). The deposition rates of the different processes were then investigated using the polarization curve method, the weighing method, and the film thickness method. The effects of sonication on the coating process were also investigated. The results reveal that free energy decreased to 16.38 kJ/mol, which can be attributed to the positive effect of sonication on the reaction activity. Furthermore, the deposition rates of the composite plating decreased with the process temperature. Specifically, the deposition rates measured by the polarization curve method, weighing method, and film thickness method decreased from 0.625 mg/(cm2·h) to 0.116 mg/(cm2·h), from 3.9 mg/(cm2·h) to 1.6 mg/(cm2·h), and from 36.64 μm/h to 7.05 μm/h, respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.24.4.19128</p

Pharmacokinetics of andrographolide dripping pills, a modern chinese herb medicine, by LC-MS/MS method in beagle dogs

A rapid and sensitive method for the analysis of andrographolide in dog plasma using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated. The analyte and internal standard (IS), warfarin, were extracted from plasma with ethyl acetate and then separated by RP-HPLC. Detection was performed by negative ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, monitoring the transitions m/z 349.1→287.2 and m/z 307.0→116.9, for quantification of andrographolide and IS, respectively. Excellent linearity was found to be from 2.5 to 1000 ng/mL with a lowest limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 2.5 ng/mL. The inter-day accuracy of the drug containing plasma samples was 100.4-109.7 %, with a precision of 3.72-6.94 %. The intraday accuracy was 95.1-102.5 %, with a precision of 6.04-9.87 %. The developed method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of andrographolide dripping pills in Beagle dogs for the first time.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

GDI-1 preferably interacts with Rab10 in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation

Insulin stimulates GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4) translocation in adipocytes and muscles. An emerging picture is that Rab10 could bridge the gap between the insulin signalling cascade and GLUT4 translocation in adipocytes. In the present study, two potential effectors of Rab10, GDI (guanine-nucleotide-dissociation inhibitor)-1 and GDI-2, are characterized in respect to their roles in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. It is shown that both GDI-1 and GDI-2 exhibit similar distribution to GLUT4 and Rab10 at the TGN (trans-Golgi network) and periphery structures. Meanwhile, GDI-1 clearly interacts with Rab10 with higher affinity, as shown by both immunoprecipitation and in vivo FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer). In addition, the participation of GDIs in GLUT4 translocation is illustrated when overexpression of either GDI inhibits insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Taken together, we propose that GDI-1 is preferentially involved in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation through facilitating Rab10 recycling

Lymphoma endothelium preferentially expresses Tim-3 and facilitates the progression of lymphoma by mediating immune evasion

Angiogenesis is increasingly recognized as an important prognosticator associated with the progression of lymphoma and as an attractive target for novel modalities. We report a previously unrecognized mechanism by which lymphoma endothelium facilitates the growth and dissemination of lymphoma by interacting with circulated T cells and suppresses the activation of CD4+ T cells. Global gene expression profiles of microdissected endothelium from lymphoma and reactive lymph nodes revealed that T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain–containing molecule 3 (Tim-3) was preferentially expressed in lymphoma-derived endothelial cells (ECs). Clinically, the level of Tim-3 in B cell lymphoma endothelium was closely correlated to both dissemination and poor prognosis. In vitro, Tim-3+ ECs modulated T cell response to lymphoma surrogate antigens by suppressing activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes through the activation of the interleukin-6–STAT3 pathway, inhibiting Th1 polarization, and providing protective immunity. In a lymphoma mouse model, Tim-3–expressing ECs promoted the onset, growth, and dissemination of lymphoma by inhibiting activation of CD4+ T cells and Th1 polarization. Our findings strongly argue that the lymphoma endothelium is not only a vessel system but also a functional barrier facilitating the establishment of lymphoma immune tolerance. These findings highlight a novel molecular mechanism that is a potential target for enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy and controlling metastatic diseases