1 research outputs found
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), a monomorphic or polymorphic species?
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) which contains exceptional anti-cancer properties is presently the world�s most expensive
spice. Iran is known as the original habitat of Crocus L. and a significant source of high-quality cultivated saffron
production and export. Considering the importance of this species, we used 27 microsatellite markers to assess molecular
variability and discriminating capacity of markers regarding their effectiveness in establishing genetic relationships
in Iranian Crocus ecotypes. Thirty eight Iranian cultivated saffron ecotypes and 29 wild allies were evaluated in this
research. The results from molecular analyses, including a molecular phylogenetic network and RB analysis, revealed
two major groups and five subgroups, regardless of their geographical origins. Also, the results showed a clear distinction
between C. sativus and other species of Crocus genus, taking into account their close relationship with C. speciosus
and C. hausknechtii, which are assumed to be the two closest relatives of Iranian cultivated saffron among species
studied. In this paper, we observed for the first time extensive genetic diversity among Iranian C. sativus despite their
asexual reproduction. Considering suitable climatic conditions in Iran for cultivating saffron and the country�s leading
high-quality production of Crocus sativus worldwide, studies on great genetic variability among Iranian C. sativus
ecotypes as well as wild relatives native to Iran will further highlight the value of this crop. In addition, our results
provide valuable information for genetic improvement, reduction of strong genetic erosion, and conservation of costly
heritable resources of C. sativus in future breeding program