Keragaan Produksi dan Pendapatan Petani Kakao Penerap Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) dan Non Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) (Studi Kasus di Desa Ataku Kecamatan Andoolo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan)

This research aimed was to know The performance of production between cocoa farmers of adopter Integrated Pest Management and non Integrated Pest Management, and The performance of income production between cocoa farmers of adopt Integrated Pest Management and non Integrated Pest Management in the Ataku village, AndooloSub District, South Konawe District. This research was conducted from January to April 2018. The number of cocoa farmers population was in this research to the initial survey was 115 people. The population was grouped into 2 kinds, namely the farmers who adopterIntegrated Pest Management 65 people and farmer of non Integrated Pest Management about 50 people. The number of the sample as determined using proportional stratified random sampling method. The number of samples was determined using Slovin formula, so total samples number were 53 peoples, consist 30 peoples of a cocoa farmer who adopt Integrated Pest Management and 23 peoples of a cocoa farmer who didn\u27t adopt Integrated Pest Management. The result of the research showed that production performance was indicated by the average, production of cocoa farmers who adopt Integrated Pest Management was greater than a cocoa farmer who didn\u27t adopt Integrated Pest Management. The results of the analysis indicated that there was different of production between the farmer who adopts Integrated Pest Management was greater than a cocoa farmer who did not adopt Integrated Pest Management. The revenue performance was indicated by the average income of cocoa farmer who adopts Integrated Pest Management was greater than a cocoa farmer who did not adopt Integrated Pest Management. The result of the analysis shows that there was different of income between the farmer who adopts Integrated Pest Management was greater than a cocoa farmer who did not adopt Integrated Pest Management

Hydrothermal hydrolysis of starch with CO2 and detoxification of the hydrolysates with activated carbon for bio-hydrogen fermentation.

The imminent use of hydrogen as an energy vector establishes the need for sustainable production technologies based on renewable resources. Starch is an abundant renewable resource suitable for bio-hydrogen generation. It was hypothesised that starch hydrolysates from a large (250 mL) hydrothermal reactor could support bioH2 fermentation without inhibition by toxic byproducts.\ud \ud Starch was hydrolysed at high concentrations (40 200 g.L-1) in hot compressed water (HCW) with CO2 at 30 bar in a 250 mL reactor, the largest so far for polysaccharide hydrolysis, at 180 235 °C, 15 min. Hydrolysates were detoxified with activated carbon (AC) and tested in biohydrogen fermentations. The maximum yield of glucose was 548 g.kg starch 1 carbon at 200 °C. 5 hydroxymethyl furfural, the main fermentation inhibitor, was removed by AC to support 70% more hydrogen production than the untreated hydrolysates. The potential utilization of starch hydrolysates from HCW treatment for upscaled fermentations is promising

Hubungan Kesiapan Belajar dengan Hasil Belajar Siswa di SMA

The aim of researchto determine the relationshipbetweenreadinessto learnthelearning outcomes of studentsof class XIIPSsemesteron the subjects ofsociologyatSMAN04SungaiRaya. It is a qualitative descriptive research. The results showedthatthere is apositive relationshipbetweenthe independent variable(X) isthe readinessto learnwith the dependent variable(Y) isstudyingin class XIIPSresultsfor0.417arecategorized asmoderate. While thedetermination coefficient(Kd) relationshipbetweenvariables X andYat17:38%, And the balance of 82.62% associated with other variables that are not included in this study. Having held hypothesis testing by comparing r count against r table obtained that r count is greater than the r table is 0.417> 0.378, so that Ha Ho accepted and rejected. Thus it can be said that there is a positive relationship between the independent variable (X) is the readiness to learn with the dependent variable (Y) is the result of studying in class XI IPS

Implementasi Nilai dan Norma oleh Guru Sosiologi melalui Interaksi Edukatif di Man 1 Pontianak

This research aims to know the implementation of the values and norms by teachers through the interaction of educational sociology in MAN 1 Pontianak. The approach used was qualitative descriptive method approach. This research used the informant as many as 7 people which consisted of 2 teachers of sociology, and 5 students Social Science Department. The results of this research show that the sixth component that includes objectives, materials, methods, tools, resources and evaluation of learning in educational interaction was applied into various forms. On the purpose of the components is done by formulating and delivering learning objectives prior to convey the subject matter. On the learning materials of the components is done by passing a staple lesson material. On the component method is done using the methods vary. On the components of the learning tool is done with the use of books, student worksheets, the LCD when delivering the material. On the component source teachers take resources from the syllabus or the internet and books. On the components of the evaluation done by the oral test, the writings and deeds

Experimental pathogenicity of shrimp, Penaeus vannamei exposed to monodon baculovirus (MBV)

The objective of our study was to explain the histopathological changes of monodon baculovirus (MBV) in hepatopancreas and midgut tissues of the cultured Penaeus vannamei. Five-hundred and forty juvenile of P. vannamei with average size of 7.99±0.54 g and 3600 post larvae 10-15 were distributed to 18 glass aquariums (50×50×60cm) with 100L well aerated water per each aquarium as water borne MBV (group A) and food borne MBV (Group B) and one control group (C), in triplicates. Also, 3600 post larvae were dedicated for water borne exposure (D) based on one time immersion exposure in 24 h without water exchange and the untreated group was studied as control in triplicates. The specific pathological sign of MBV was observed as a multiple intranuclear eosinophilic occlusion bodies (OBs) in hepatopancreas and midgut tissues. Our result indicates that the severity of the MBV infection is more considerable in post larvae than juvenile stage and confirms that MBV can be an invasive pathogen for shrimp culture industry in Iran

Combining Ability Analysis in Complete Diallel Cross of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai)

The experiments were carried out in two research stations (MARDI Bukit Tangga, Kedah, and MARDI Seberang Perai, Penang) in Malaysia. The crossings were performed using the four inbred lines in complete diallel cross including selfs and reciprocals. We evaluated the yield components and fruit characters such as fruit yield per plant, vine length, days to fruit maturity, fruit weight, total soluble solid content, and rind thickness over a period of two planting seasons. General combining ability and its interaction with locations were statistically significant for all characteristics except number of fruits per plant across the environments. Results indicated that the additive genetic effects were important to the inheritance of these traits and the expression of additive genes was influenced greatly by environments. In addition, specific combining ability effect was statistically evident for fruit yield per plant, vine length, days to first female flower, and fruit weight. Most of the characters are simultaneously controlled by additive and nonadditive gene effects. This study demonstrated that the highest potential and promising among the crosses was cross P2 (BL-14) × P3 (6372-4), which possessed prolific plants, with early maturity, medium fruit weight and high soluble solid contents. Therefore this hybrid might be utilized for developing high yielding watermelon cultivars and may be recommended for commercial cultivation

Ultrastructural and pathogenesis of Monodon baculovirus in SPF shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei imported to Iran

Viral pathogens are major causes of outbreaks in shrimp farms throughout the world. Monodon baculovirus has been known to be invasive in 85-100% of the shrimp hatcheries, in early or late stages of shrimp. Three-hundred and sixty juvenile of Litopenaeus vannamei with average (±SD) size of 7.99±0.54 g and 3600 post larvae 10-15 were prepared from Shrimp Research Station located in Helleh and 3 hatcheries from Bushehr Province, southern part of Iran, respectively. They were allocated to 9 glass aquariums (50×50×60cm) as 2 groups (postlarvae and juvenile), controls with 3 replications using 100 liters well aerated water. They were exposed to MBV as water-born path. Concerning the pathogenesis, three phases were observed. The quantity of intranuclear occlusion bodies was 1-9. Mortality was only observed in postlarvae but not in adult or control groups. It is concluded that MBV can be an invasive pathogen for SPF offspring or postlarvae of L. vannamei being imported to Iran