62 research outputs found
Parental labor: research prospects in socioeconomics
Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π Π°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ.The paper describes expediency of researches of parental labor in socioeconomics. The article characterizes the main problems of this labor and shows how their solving is possible from socioeconomic views. It is shown that the saved up experience of studying within sociology and economy successfully fits into socioeconomic approach, opening thus new prospects of future researches.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ Π ΠΠΠ€ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Β«ΠΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°, ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π£ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅Β»), ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ β 12-03-00073Π°
Parental labor: levels and sociological approaches
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ), ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.Relevance of the parental labor researches in Russia is connected to unfavorable demographic situation and negative implications. The paper first presents the possibility of studying parental labor with the positions of three sociological approaches (the activity, institutional, community), each of which has different levels of analysis and its own problems of research. The study of parental labor with the proposed scheme of analysis will enable explore this phenomenon deeply and to develop a basis for its social regulation
Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ
The article considers the problem of combining two types of labor activity - professional and parental labor. The aim of the research is to identify objective and subjective barriers for combination of these two labor spheres. We focus on specific elements of the organization of labor of working mothers (length of the working week and working day, time of the start and the end of work, alternation of work and days off, leave period, form of work organization) and on identifying subjective barriers that prevent the effective combination of professional and parental labor. We conducted an online survey of 265 women aged 18 to 45 working in various organizations in the Sverdlovsk region. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and group comparison based on nonparametric criteria. The results of the study are as follows: The length of the working day, as well as the time of its beginning and end, act as objective barriers to combining professional and parental work for Ural women. The subjective barriers preventing the effective combination of professional and parental work for Ural women are stereotypes of employers and colleagues who do not have children, based on the perception of the low efficiency of professional activities of workers with children, the negative impact of children on the implementation of professional work and the professional career of parents, misunderstanding of the advantages that children give to workers with children in the process of their professional work. The presence of such subjective barriers often entails refusals in employment of subjects of parental labor, a deterioration in the attitude of the employers towards them, and increases the likelihood of going on unpaid leave. Β© 2020 Ivanovo State University Publishing. All Rights Reserved.The study was carried out with the assistance of the Grants Council of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of young Russian scientists and leading scientific schools within the framework of the project βRussian pronatalist policy: resources, effects, opportunities for optimizationβ (grant No. NSh-2722.2020.6)
Attractiveness of megalopolis public spaces as evaluated by its residents (through the example of shopping and entertainments centers and park zones of Yekaterinburg)
This paper presents an analysis of the perceptions of public spaces by megalopolisβ residents. The research aim was to reveal the degree and criteria of urban public spacesβ attractiveness (shopping and entertainment centers and park zones), as well as to identify demographic and socio-economic determinants of residentsβ preferences. Based on the results of a survey of Yekaterinburg residents (N= 3570), the authors draw up the attractiveness rating of the objects on the city map where the positions are justified in terms of basic characteristics of focal public spaces (accessibility, multifunctionality, "service" equipment, etc.) and propose a typology of public spacesβ consumers according to a variety of objects needed for multiple public activities. The authors reveal explicit disparities in the practices of public spacesβ use. Choices of shopping and entertainment centers depend on respondentβs age and wealth status. Choices of recreation facilities depend on respondentβs occupation, education level, wealth status, whether respondents have pre-school or school-age children. The more active users of one type of urban public spaces tend to use the other one more frequently. The practical significance of the obtained results is connected with the possibility to use them for the improvement of certain objects and for municipal strategic planning and development in general. Β© 2018 Russian Public Opinion Research Center, VCIOM. All rights reserved.Keywords: urban public spaces, meg alopolis, urban residents, index of attractiveness, urban development, urbanistics Acknowledgments. he study was part of the research project βFormation of the concept of prospective development of community areas of the municipal settlement βthe city of Yekaterinburgβ until 2035 (municipal contract β 15/2016-2 dated November 17th, 2016). The work was supported by the regulation no. 211 of the Government of the Russian Federation, contract no. 02.A03.21.0006
Reflection of Russian and Chinese University Students on Entrepreneurial Intention
Entrepreneurship is nowadays an appealing topic for researchers to investigate. It is considered to be an agent for social and economic development. Most of the countries has included entrepreneurship as core subject in curricula of schools, colleges and universities. To involve youth in entrepreneurship and pr ovide them opportunity to use their knowledge, skills and abilities to solve real world p roblems is the need of current era. This paper explains Chinese and Russian universities studentsβ intention towards entrepr eneurship. Theory of Planned behavior (TPB) were used for theoretical frame work of the study. Along 118 XII ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ Β«Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Β» with variables attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control from (TPB) entrepreneurial environment and education as contextual predictor were found significant in i mpact on studentsβ entrepreneurial intention. Findings suggest that more attention is needed from policy makers to involve youth in entrepreneurship
Former Chinese βLeft-behind ChildrenΒ» as Current Subjects of Parental Labour: Concepts of Motivation
The article examines the Chinese phenomenon of left-behind children in the context of parental labour ac-cording to a survey of parents and in-depth interviews con-ducted in China in 2021. The purpose of the study is to ana-lyse the statistical characteristics of differences in motiva-tions in two groups of parents: those who were left-behind children and those who were not. The research results show that for the respondents who were left-behind children, the motivation to obtain material benefits and to receive care in old age is stronger than for the respondents who were not left-behind children. For respondents who were left-behind children, the duration of the experience of being a left-behind child is associated with a higher level of education, which can lead to a weakening of the motivation for materi-al gain in parenting.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ Β«ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΒ» Π² Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ Π² 2021 Π³. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ β ΡΠ΅Ρ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² β ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² β ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°. Π£ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² β ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Β«ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΒ» ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π° Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅
ΠΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»Π°-Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ°
The article focuses on the current state of the balance of interests in the field of organizing research activities in Russian universities. The theoretical framework of the research is the theory of the principal-agent, from the position of which the research management system is considered through the relationship between actors who have different degrees of awareness and potentially act in different interests. The purpose of the study is to compare the problems in the field of organizing funding, digitalization and scientific cooperation, which were the most important for agents, with those strategic decisions that took place at the level of the principal after extensive expert discussions. The following sources were used: 1) the results of the largest expert project implemented at the initiative of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; 2) the results of a sociological study conducted at the Ural Federal University, where scientists and employees involved in the organization of scientific research were interviewed. A limitation of the study was the difficulty of comparing the results of the qualitative analysis made by the principal and the quantitative assessments given by the agents. In this connection, an emphasis in the interpretation of the results was made not so much on the specific quantitative assessments of the agents as on the comparison of the priorities of the problems expressed by the agents and the solutions generated by the principal. The results of the analysis showed that most of the priority tasks for agents in the field of organizing financing, digitalization, scientific cooperation were reflected in the decisions of the principal. The gaps stem from the lack of solutions aimed at intensifying research work in terms of monitoring the current scientific thematic agenda, and the importance of increasing the weight of this criterion when evaluating scientific projects. There are two ways to reduce the identified gaps: 1) inclusion of the support for the development of aggregators that allow scientists to quickly obtain the most relevant results with growing volumes of data into the list of tasks facing the principal; 2) development of modern analytical information and digital mechanisms for assessing the prospects of topics, which creates conditions for their compliance with the dynamic global research agenda. Β© 2021 Moscow Polytechnic University. All rights reserved
Models of grandparents' labour in the socio-economic space of Russia
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° - Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ, Π° Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° 2000-Ρ
Π³Π³. - ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Β«ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΒ» ΠΈ Π‘ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎ 2025 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ - ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. ΠΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Β«ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ», ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΄. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· (Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠ²Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΅Π²ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ) ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ k-ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
). Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ 6 ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π±Π°Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π² ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° - Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ-ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ - ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² - ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ Π²Π½ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΈΡ
, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
.Foreign researchers consider the phenomenon of grandparentsβ labour in the framework of the economy of parental labour. Since the early 2000s, Russian scientists have been actively studying this problem due to high socio-economic disparity of Russian regions, and important strategic objectives stated in the Demography National Project and the Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025. We identified and described specific regional situations, namely, models of grandparentsβ labour in the socio-economic space of the country. To analyse grandparentsβ labour, we examined individual questions of the βComprehensive monitoring of living conditionsβ survey published by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). The research methodology includes both hierarchical (based on Wardβs method, the square of the Euclidean distance, and other measures) and non-hierarchical cluster analysis (the k-means method). We proposed a method for studying grandparentsβ labour based on research of parental labour and international demographic studies on grandparenthood. The empirical analysis revealed 6 models of grandparentsβ labour in the socio-economic space of Russia. These models differ in the level and intensity of involvement of older women in the sphere of grandparentsβ labour and their potential in this area. For each model of grandparentsβ labour, we identified the core regions (groups of regions) involved in the clustering. We explained why the government should be interested in the activation and stimulation of grandparentsβ labour in Russian regions. Further research should focus on examining the particularities of grandparentsβ labour depending on the actors: men, grandparents living with their grandchildren and apart from them, living in the same city, in the same or different regions of Russia.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ Π Π€Π€Π Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° β20β011β00280.The article has been prepared with the support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the project No. 20β011β00280
Corporate Family-Friendly Policies: The Possibility of Implementation in Russian Regions
Π ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ, Π²ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
, Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡ
, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ Π Π€, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡ
. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ (ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°) ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ (Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ) ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π½ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².Various social institutions may be involved in the implementation of the stateβs pro-natalist policy. Family-friendly corporate policies, common in many countries, are still quite rare in Russia. At the same time, many socio-economic indicators significantly differ across Russian regions. The study aims to identify regional development models of the Russian corporate sector and determine those models that have the highest potential for dissemination of family-friendly corporate policies aimed at increasing the birth rate of the population in these regions. It is hypothesised that such Russian regions can be identified based on a multidimensional classification of socio-economic indicators. The hierarchical cluster analysis was used to model the Russian economic space. Then, the clusters were further grouped according to additional variables. The article analysed official regional statistics characterising the development of the corporate sector. Five clusters of Russian regions were identified. It is proved that corporate family-friendly policies can be disseminated in two regions in particular. Specific demographic (in particular, low birth rate and growth potential) and economic (high innovative activity, small number of loss-making enterprises, the highest demographic indicators among organisations and the average level of priveate consumption) conditions are observed in these clusters. It is concluded that in the corporate sector of these Russian regions, family-friendly policy may gain popularity among staff. This approach, accessible to enterprises, can act as an effective tool of demographic policy. Further research should focus on the analysis of cases of Russian enterprises implementing family-friendly policies, identification of benchmarks, assessment of the possibilities of scaling such experience and forecasting its demographic results.Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π.Π. Π¨ΡΠ±Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π.Π. ΠΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½Π° Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΡ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΠ» Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠ¨-1327.2022.2). Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π. Π―Π½Ρ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π£ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π.Π. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Β«ΠΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ-2030Β».The work of Oksana Shubat and Anna Bagirova in terms of developing a research methodology, clustering Russian regions and interpreting the results was supported by the Council for Grants of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of leading scientific schools of the Russian Federation (NSh-1327.2022.2). Theoretical substantiation of the research by Yan Doudou was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the development program of the Ural Federal University as part of the strategic academic leadership program Β«Priority 2030Β»
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ: ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ»Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²
Introduction. Entrepreneurial education, as an area of educational practice in higher education, is a relatively new area of activity for Russian universities. In this area, due to the special dynamics of development and transformation, especially in a pandemic, there is the most significant gap between the competencies formed by universities and in demand on the labour market. The rationale for the research stemmed from two major trends in the economy and society: industry demand for workforce with greater enterprise skills, at the same time a new generation, generation Z, seeks more flexible and more fulfilling career path. Therefore, to address these trends, universities have to diversify the skill set included in the academic curriculum. Aim. This study is aimed at studying the problems of interaction between universities and their stakeholders in curricula improvement. Methodology and research methods. Taken into consideration the regulatory nature of the curricula design in Russian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) a two-step strategy has been adopted for this research. The first step was a concern with meta-analysis of the competencies outlined in Federal State Educational Standard (FSES) in Management through the lens of entrepreneurial competencies. The second step was to investigate inclusion of soft skills in entrepreneurship curricula in across Russian HEIs. To address the objective of research, descriptive statistics and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test were applied. Results. The research findings suggest in the environment where the degree programmes have to comply with set Governmental standards, curricula in entrepreneurship struggle to develop essential soft entrepreneurial skills. Most of the analysed curricula are heavily loaded with hard and cognitive skills. Even though the government proclaims a need for innovative development of the nation, creative and innovative thinking is not mentioned either in the FSES nor analysed curricula. The research findings also led to a surprising conclusion that very few core βbusinessβ modules include the development of social or action-oriented skills in their learning outcomes. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the fact that for the first time the problems of ensuring the development of soft skills in entrepreneurial education in Russia have been studied. Practical significance. The results of the study will find their application in the design of entrepreneurial curricula to achieve the necessary balance of competencies in them.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅: ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Z Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ². ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ·Π°Ρ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ° Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ Π€ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Β«ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΒ» ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ·Π°Ρ
, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ U-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π° β Π£ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π€ΠΠΠ‘, ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ
(Π€ΠΠΠ‘), Π½ΠΈ Π² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ
. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Β«ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅Β» ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ.The research funding from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Ural Federal University Programme of Development within the Priority-2030 Programme) is gratefully acknowledged.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π£ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π. Π. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Β«ΠΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ-2030Β»
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