Analysis of Morphological and Morphometric Changes in a Parenchymal Tissue after the Radiofrequency Ablation Procedure

Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Background and Objectives: Prostate cancer is on the rise in the European Union, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is one of the minimally invasive treatment options used for its treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the effects of RFA on prostate tissues. Materials and Methods: A standard prostate RFA procedure was performed on 13 non-purebred dogs in three sessions: no cooling (NC), cooling with a 0.1% NaCl solution (C.01), and cooling using a 0.9% NaCl solution (C.09). Microtome-cut 2–3 µm sections of prostate samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and further examined. Results: A histopathologic evaluation identified four zones of exposure: direct, application, necrosis, and transitional, as the damage on tissues decreased going further from the ablation site. The areas and perimeters of these zones were calculated, and geometric shapes of ablative lesions were evaluated using the quotient formula. Areas and perimeters of prostate tissue lesions in the NC and C.09 sessions were of similar size, whereas those found in C.01 were statistically significantly smaller. Lesions observed in session C.01 were of the most regular geometric shape, while the most irregular ones were found in session C.09. The shapes of lesions closest to the ablation electrode were the most irregular, becoming more regular the further away from the electrode they were. Conclusions: Prostate RFA leads to tissue damage with distinct morphological zones. Notably, the prostate lesions were the smallest and the most regular in shape after RFA procedures using the 0.1% NaCl cooling solution. It can be argued that smaller ablation sites may result in smaller scars, thus allowing for faster tissue healing if the blood flow and innervation at the ablation site are not compromised.Peer reviewe

Modelling Feedback Excitation, Pacemaker Properties and Sensory Switching of Electrically Coupled Brainstem Neurons Controlling Rhythmic Activity

What cellular and network properties allow reliable neuronal rhythm generation or firing that can be started and stopped by brief synaptic inputs? We investigate rhythmic activity in an electrically-coupled population of brainstem neurons driving swimming locomotion in young frog tadpoles, and how activity is switched on and off by brief sensory stimulation. We build a computational model of 30 electrically-coupled conditional pacemaker neurons on one side of the tadpole hindbrain and spinal cord. Based on experimental estimates for neuron properties, population sizes, synapse strengths and connections, we show that: long-lasting, mutual, glutamatergic excitation between the neurons allows the network to sustain rhythmic pacemaker firing at swimming frequencies following brief synaptic excitation; activity persists but rhythm breaks down without electrical coupling; NMDA voltage-dependency doubles the range of synaptic feedback strengths generating sustained rhythm. The network can be switched on and off at short latency by brief synaptic excitation and inhibition. We demonstrate that a population of generic Hodgkin-Huxley type neurons coupled by glutamatergic excitatory feedback can generate sustained asynchronous firing switched on and off synaptically. We conclude that networks of neurons with NMDAR mediated feedback excitation can generate self-sustained activity following brief synaptic excitation. The frequency of activity is limited by the kinetics of the neuron membrane channels and can be stopped by brief inhibitory input. Network activity can be rhythmic at lower frequencies if the neurons are electrically coupled. Our key finding is that excitatory synaptic feedback within a population of neurons can produce switchable, stable, sustained firing without synaptic inhibition

The management of personal career in the aspect of self-fulfillment

Scientific problem: How does the management of personal career help satisfy a person’s need for self-fulfillment? The aim of the research is to theoretically analyse and empirically substantiate personal career management from the aspect of self-realization. Tasks of the research: 1. To analyse the aspects of personal career management and self-realization concepts and their mutual synergy. 2. To explore the attitudes of adults towards the management of their personal careers in satisfying the need for self- fulfillment. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature and interviews. Theoretical and empirical reseach and analysis confirmed the hypothesis that self-fulfillment through professional activities is possible when an individual is able to purposefully manage their personal career. This results in a strong synergistic link between personal career management and self-realization to achieve this goal. The analysis of qualitative data shows that interviewees have considerable experience in personal career management, are well aware of their competencies and have an excellent ability to realize themselves in practice. Self-expression at work is the most important driving force in everyone’s career. However, informants don‘t make sufficient use of all career planning opportunities (do not have an interest in career planning), which would allow them to pursue a career more effectively in the chosen field and give even more self-confidence

High intensity interval training and morning cognitive function

High intensity interval training has been used for recreation sports and for improving physical performance of athletes. Gym shedules, sports influencers and sport studies made impact on HIIT supply and demand of this type of workouts. As HIIT is becoming more popular we have to understand the impact on cognitive function in rapid and slow adaptation. The aim of the study – to measure high intensity interval training impact on morning cognitive function. Research tasks: 1. Conduct an experimental study and examine the effect of high intensity interval training on cognitive function right after the workout and 24 hour later. 2. Conduct an experimental study and examine the effect of high intensity interval training on cortisol and lactate concentration right after the workout and 24 hours past later. Object of the study – High intensity interval workout impact on cognitive function. Methodology of the study - subjects were introduced to the course of the study, the risks, and the tests that would be performed the week before the experiment. In the morning of the day of the experiment, cognitive function was assessed and saliva and blood samples were taken. Intervention was performed after control measurements. Subjects performed 6 maximum intensity veloergometric load tests in a row, with 4 minutes of rest between them. Cognitive function reassessment and cortisol measurements were performed after 90 minutes and after 24 hours. Conclusions: 1. After high-intensity interval training there is a noticeable decline in a persons’s cognitive performance, but only partially returns to baseline after 24 hours. 2. 24 hours after high-intensity interval training, subjects' cortisol and lactate levels were decreased significantly

Boras ir jo kiekis Lietuvos TSR dirvožemiuose

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Gūžinių baltųjų kopūstų sėklojų tręšimas boru

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