1,034 research outputs found
Universality in Intensity Modulated Photocurrent in Bulk-Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells
We observe a universal feature in the frequency dependence of intensity
modulated photocurrent Iph based on studies of a variety of efficient
bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ-PSCs). This feature of Iph appears
in the form of a local maximum in the 5 kHz < frequency < 10 kHz range and is
observed to be largely independent of the external parameters such as modulated
light intensity (Lac), wavelength, temperature (T), and external field (EF)
over a wide range. Simplistic kinetic models involving carrier generation,
recombination and extraction processes are used to interpret the overall
essential features of Iph and correlate it to the device parameters
Ultrahigh Charge Carrier Mobility in Nanotube Encapsulated Coronene Stack
Achieving high charge carrier mobility is the holy grail of organic
electronics. In this letter we report a record charge carrier mobility of 14.93
cm Vs through a coronene stack encapsulated in a single
walled carbon nanotube (CNT) by using a multiscale modeling technique which
combines MD simulations, first principle calculations and Kinetic Monte Carlo
simulations. For the CNT having a diameter of 1.56 nm we find a highly ordered
defect free organization of coronene molecules inside the CNT which is
responsible for the high charge carrier mobility. The encapsulated coronene
molecules are correlated with a large correlation length of 18 {\AA}
which is independent of the length of the coronene column. Our simulation
further suggests that coronene molecules can spontaneously enter the CNT,
suggesting that the encapsulation is experimentally realizable
Overstretching of B-DNA with various pulling protocols: Appearance of structural polymorphism and S-DNA
We report a structural polymorphism of the S-DNA when a canonical B-DNA is
stretched under different pulling protocols and provide a fundamental molecular
understanding of the DNA stretching mechanism. Extensive all atom molecular
dynamics simulations reveal a clear formation of S-DNA when the B-DNA is
stretched along the 3' directions of the opposite strands (OS3) and is
characterized by the changes in the number of H-bonds, entropy and free energy.
Stretching along 5' directions of the opposite strands (OS5) leads to force
induced melting form of the DNA. Interestingly, stretching along the opposite
ends of the same strand (SS) leads to a coexistence of both the S- and melted
M-DNA structures. We also do the structural characterization of the S-DNA by
calculating various helical parameters. We find that S-DNA has a twist of ~10
degrees which corresponds to helical repeat length of ~ 36 base pairs in close
agreement with the previous experimental results. Moreover, we find that the
free energy barrier between the canonical and overstretched states of DNA is
higher for the same termini (SE) pulling protocol in comparison to all other
protocols considered in this work. Overall, our observations not only reconcile
with the available experimental results qualitatively but also enhance the
understanding of different overstretched DNA structures.Comment: To be published in the The Journal of Chemical Physics (AIP
The noise properties of stochastic processes and entropy production
Based on a Fokker-Planck description of external Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise and
cross-correlated noise processes driving a dynamical system we examine the
interplay of the properties of noise processes and the dissipative
characteristic of the dynamical system in the steady state entropy production
and flux. Our analysis is illustrated with appropriate examples.Comment: RevTex, 1 figure, To appear in Phys. Rev.
Quantum escape kinetics over a fluctuating barrier
The escape rate of a particle over a fluctuating barrier in a double well
potential exhibits resonance at an optimum value of correlation time of
fluctuation. This has been shown to be important in several variants of kinetic
model of chemical reactions . We extend the analysis of this phenomenon of
resonant activation to quantum domain to show how quantization significantly
enhances resonant activation at low temperature due to tunneling
Image Mining for Flower Classification by Genetic Association Rule Mining Using GLCM features
Image mining is concerned with knowledge discovery in image databases. It is the extension of data mining algorithms to image processing domain. Image mining plays a vital role in extracting useful information from images. In computer aided plant identification and classification system the image mining will take a crucial role for the flower classification. The content image based on the low-level features such as color and textures are used to flower image classification. A flower image is segmented using a histogram threshold based method. The data set has different flower species with similar appearance (small inter class variations) across different classes and varying appearance (large intra class variations) within a class. Also the images of flowers are of different pose with cluttered background under varying lighting conditions and climatic conditions. The flower images were collected from World Wide Web in addition to the photographs taken up in a natural scene. The proposed method is based on textural features such as Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). This paper introduces multi dimensional genetic association rule mining for classification of flowers effectively. The image Data mining approach has four major steps: Preprocessing, Feature Extraction, Preparation of Transactional database and multi dimensional genetic association rule mining and classification. The purpose of our experiments is to explore the feasibility of data mining approach. Results will show that there is promise in image mining based on multi dimensional genetic association rule mining. It is well known that data mining techniques are more suitable to larger databases than the one used for these preliminary tests. Computer-aided method using association rule could assist people and improve the accuracy of flower identification. In particular, a Computer aided method based on association rules becomes more accurate with a larger dataset .Experimental results show that this new method can quickly and effectively mine potential association rules
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