Study of the in vitro and in vivo bioactivity of glucosinolates/isothiocyanates-rich broccoli sprouts

NEREIS 10 [Marzo 2018], 69-78, ISSN: 1888-8550Nereis. Revista Iberoamericana Interdisciplinar de Métodos, Modelización y Simulación1069-78Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente MártirValencia (España)ISSN 1888-8550Estudio de la bioactividad in vitro e in vivo de brotes de brócoli ricos en glucosinolatos/isotiocianatos Study of the in vitro and in vivo bioactivity of glucosinolates/isothiocyanates-rich broccoli sprouts Fecha de recepción y aceptación: 28 de agosto de 2017, 1 de diciembre de 2017N. Baenas1, D. A. Moreno1 y C. García-Viguera1*1 Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC. * Correspondencia: Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC. Campus Universitario de Espinardo. Edificio 25. 30100 (Espinardo) Murcia. España. E-mail: [email protected] Los brotes de brócoli son alimentos de gran interés debido a su mayor contenido en nutrientes y compuestos bioactivos en comparación con el vegetal adulto. Poseen alto contenido en glucosi-nolatos, destacando la glucorafanina, que se encuentra en mayor concentración, cuyo producto de hidrólisis, el isotiocianato sulforafano, ha demostrado poseer distintas actividades biológicas, como son la antiinflamatoria, antioxidante y un efecto antiproliferativo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el efecto antiproliferativo de estos brotes como matriz vegetal, así como sus compues-tos bioactivos puros, la glucorafanina y el sulforafano, demostrando una mayor bioactividad del vegetal como alimento completo. Por otro lado, se demostró el efecto antinociceptivo (analgésico) de estos brotes en modelos de roedores in vivo, abriendo una línea de investigación interesante para el estudio de los mecanismos de acción de estos compuestos naturales como fitoterapéuticos.Broccoli sprouts are very interesting plant foods due to their potential source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. These sprouts have a higher content in glucosinolates than adult plants, being glucoraphanin the one presented in higher amount. Its hydrolysis product, the isothiocy-anate sulforaphane, has shown different biological activities in previous studies, such as anti-inflamatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative effect. The aim of this work was to explore the antiproliferative effect of pure glucoraphanin and pure sulforaphane against cell lines of human cancer in vitro, compared to the complete broccoli sprouts. Results showed that the whole plant is more active. On the other hand, also the antinociceptive effect of broccoli sprouts was studied in rodent models in vivo, providing an interesting research line for the study of the action path-ways of these natural products as phytotherapeutics.Ciencias Experimentale

Systematic Review on the Metabolic Interest of Glucosinolates and Their Bioactive Derivatives for Human Health

In the last decade, most of the evidence on the clinical benefits of including cruciferous foods in the diet has been focused on the content of glucosinolates (GSL) and their corresponding isothiocyanates (ITC), and mercapturic acid pathway metabolites, based on their capacity to modulate clinical, biochemical, and molecular parameters. The present systematic review summarizes findings of human studies regarding the metabolism and bioavailability of GSL and ITC, providing a comprehensive analysis that will help guide future research studies and facilitate the consultation of the latest advances in this booming and less profusely researched area of GSL for food and health. The literature search was carried out in Scopus, PubMed and the Web of Science, under the criteria of including publications centered on human subjects and the use of Brassicaceae foods in different formulations (including extracts, beverages, and tablets), as significant sources of bioactive compounds, in different types of subjects, and against certain diseases. Twenty-eight human intervention studies met inclusion criteria, which were classified into three groups depending on the dietary source. This review summarizes recent studies that provided interesting contributions, but also uncovered the many potential venues for future research on the benefits of consuming cruciferous foods in our health and well-being. The research will continue to support the inclusion of GSL-rich foods and products for multiple preventive and active programs in nutrition and well-being

Association between type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms after a 1-year follow-up in an older adult Mediterranean population

Altres ajuts: Recercaixa (number 2013ACUP00194); grants from the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, PI0137/2018); the PROMETEO/2017/017 grant from the Generalitat Valenciana; University of Rovira i Virgili (2020PMF-PIPF-37); Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación research grant (IJC2019-042420-I).To examine the cross-sectional association between baseline depressive symptoms and the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and other metabolic variables, and the prospective association of depressive symptoms and HbA1c after 1 year of follow-up. n = 6224 Mediterranean older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (48% females, mean age 64.9 ± 4.9 years) were evaluated in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and HbA1c was used to measure metabolic control. The presence of T2D increased the likelihood of higher levels of depressive symptoms (χ 2 = 15.84, p = 0.001). Polynomial contrast revealed a positive linear relationship (χ 2 = 13.49, p = 0.001), the higher the depressive symptoms levels, the higher the prevalence of T2D. Longitudinal analyses showed that the higher baseline depressive symptoms levels, the higher the likelihood of being within the HbA1c ≥ 7% at 1-year level (Wald-χ 2 = 24.06, df = 3, p < .001, for the full adjusted model). Additionally, depressive levels at baseline and duration of T2D predicted higher HbA1c and body mass index, and lower physical activity and adherence to Mediterranean Diet at 1 year of follow-up. This study supports an association between T2D and the severity of depressive symptoms, suggesting a worse metabolic control from mild severity levels in the short-medium term, influenced by lifestyle habits related to diabetes care. Screening for depressive symptoms and a multidisciplinary integrative therapeutic approach should be ensured in patients with T2D