Advancing climate resilience in sub-Saharan Africa

In different sub-Saharan Africa countries, global or sectoral initiatives are being implemented to mitigate climate change direct and indirect impacts. For these countries, climate change could induce development dynamics alteration, social inequalities and disparities amplification, social and economic development structural difficulties intensification, an alteration of development achievements and multiple institutional et political regressions. The fragilities of sub-Saharan Africa countries relating to climate change require the acceleration of resilience actions to reduce the risks of economic, social, environmental, institutional and political crises that could result from the impacts of climate change. In this article, the ClimResilience scientific framework was used to develop the Acra (African climate resilience acceleration) Roadmap, a scientific tool to accelerate the achievement of national climate resilience configurations in sub-Saharan Africa. It includes new scientific contributions for sub-Saharan Africa countries climate change resilience. They are a resilience approach based on planned resilience progress, multidimensional climate change impacts corpuses, multidimensional climate change vulnerability factors corpuses, multidimensional climate change resilience solution corpuses, a subdivision of climate resilience trajectories into segments of resilience trajectories. Specifically, the Acra Roadmap is an innovative decision-making tool for formulating, planning and achieving specific climate change resilience progress. For sub-Saharan Africa countries, the Acra Roadmap is an inclusive and participatory tool for innovating climate change resilience policies and practices by implementing the concepts of residual impacts and vulnerabilities, resilience trajectory, resilience horizons, resilience configurations and resilience marker

Theoretical study of modal dispersion characteristics in weakly guiding optical fibers and its application to color domain wall propagation

Doctorat en Sciencesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

The Badolo FoodResilience scientific framework for advancing food security resilience to climate change in sub-Saharan Africa

In Sub-Saharan Africa, food security resilience to climate acceleration will require new resilience policies for this sector based on the concepts of climate change indirect impacts, climate change residual vulnerabilities, climate change residual impacts, subdivision of climate change resilience trajectories, climate change partial resilience configurations, climate change vulnerability indicators and climate change resilience markers. Specifically, these new resilience policies will subdivide the complex food security resilience to climate change trajectories into several resilience trajectories segments of less complexity, to achieve successive partial resilience configurations, on the basis of contextual specificities, capacities and resilience needs. Food security partial resilience configurations are specific resilience achievements that are less complex to achieve and are marked by specific subsets of climate change impacts on food security mitigation. In this article, we propose Badolo FoodResilience scientific framework for more relevant and more efficient food security resilience to climate change policies in the context of Sub-Saharan Africa. It includes bodies of information and a resilience scheme for food security resilience to climate change trajectories. The resilience scheme of the proposed scientific framework includes successive resilience trajectories segments to achieve partial resilience configurations, based on contextual specificities, capacities and resilience needs. Fundamentally, the Badolo FoodResilience scientific framework is a participatory and inclusive tool for innovative food security climate change resilience policies that plan and achieve desired progress in food security resilience to climate change, following contextual specificities, capacities and resilience needs

Water, sanitation and hygiene sector resilience to climate change: the Badolo WashResilience Scientific Framework

The water, sanitation and hygiene (Wash) sector is, in several regions of the world, one of the sectors still marked by knowledge, solutions, innovations and decision support tools deficits for relevant and efficient climate resilience policies. These deficits mainly concern climate change impacts on wash sector, wash sector vulnerability to climate change factors, wash sector resilience to climate change solutions and wash sector resilience to climate change schemes. In this article, we propose the Badolo WashResilience scientific framework, a tool for climate change integration into wash sector development policies. Its main element is the climate risk integration function that implements a sequential integration of climate risks into Wash sector policies. Each integration sequence achieves a specific resilience objective. Specific corpuses of climate change impacts, climate change vulnerability factors and climate change resilience solutions are the independent variables of this function. Its main dependent variables are climate change residuals impacts, climate change residual vulnerability factors and resilience configurations. For the Wash sector, the Badolo WashResilience scientific framework is an innovative tool for a significant improvement of climate risk integration processes and practices. It is a tool to identify and achieve required resilience progress, based on contextual capacities and specificitie

Integrating security risks in local adaptation to disaster risks and climate change in the Sahel region: the Badolo LocalMultiriskAdapation model

In the Sahel region, the impacts of security risks on economic sectors, basic social services and development dynamics have profoundly modified the local resilience challenges. They modify contextual vulnerabilities to disaster risks and climate change, increase resilience needs and alter local resilience course and capacities. The consequences of security risks could include significant local resilience to climate change regressions. For local governments, a relevant and efficient response to these consequences of security risks could be the adoption of integrated local adaptation plans. In this article, the methodological tools and resilience approach of the ClimResilience Scientific Framework are used to develop the Badolo LocalMultiriskAdapation model. It is a scientific tool to strengthen the capacities of local governments to elaborate and implement multirisk, multidimensional integrated responses to disaster risks, climate change and security risks. Specifically, it is, for local governments, an efficient scientific tool to characterize and achieve successive progress related to adaptation to disaster risks, climate change and security risks, taking into account local specificities and capacities. In practice, the implementation of the Model that we propose requires scientific partnerships and local governance of adaptation which is participatory, inclusive, fundamentally characterized by integrated management of disaster risks, climate change and security risks

Numerical analysis of modal dispersions in singly-clad multimode optical fibers

An analysis of modal second-order dispersion β2 and third-order dispersion β3 characteristics from singly-clad multimode optical fibers is presented. We show, for the first time, that for some step-index fiber with GeO2SiO2 core and B2O3SiO2 cladding, negative values of β2 and β3 are simultaneously achieved for the LP51 mode in the vicinity of 1.2 μm region. Possible application of this result to bright soliton transmission through this mode in femtosecond regime can be foreseenSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Dual-frequency wall solitary waves for nonreturn-to-zero signal transmission in W-type single-mode fibers

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Anomalous dispersion in multimode optical fibers at 1100 nm

The global dispersion characteristics of LP modes of multimode optical fibers are investigated numerically. The results show that for some step-index fibers with GeO2-SiO2 core and B2O3-SiO2 cladding, the total dispersion of the LP41 mode is anomalous in the 1.1 μm wavelenght region, where the material dispersion is normal. Possible application of the result to bright soliton transmission in optical fibers can be foreseen.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Corpus de référentiels d’aide à la décision pour la résilience de la production vivrière aux risques climatiques dans la région Maritime au Togo

La résilience des secteurs économiques face aux risques et mutations climatiques constitue un enjeu majeur de développement en Afrique de l’Ouest. Une information scientifique robuste est essentielle pour formuler et mettre en oeuvre des stratégies de résilience efficientes et performantes. Pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest, et singulièrement pour le secteur agricole, rendre disponible une telle information est l’un des défis scientifiques majeurs dans l’élaboration des stratégies de résilience. Au Togo, l’agriculture est l’un des secteurs économiques particulièrement concernés par les questions d’amélioration de la résilience face aux risques climatiques et de catastrophes. À défaut, le développement de ce secteur pourrait être lourdement handicapé par les changements climatiques qui vont altérer les régimes des précipitations et accroître la fréquence et l’intensité des événements climatiques extrêmes. Cet article propose un corpus de référentiels d’aide à la décision pour une amélioration de la gouvernance et des processus de résilience du secteur vivrier dans la région Maritime du Togo. Les référentiels reportés se fondent sur le modèle « ClimProspect » qui est basé sur la méthode du jugement d’expert et couplé avec l’approche participative. Cette dernière a consisté en une collecte de données qualitative au moyen de groupes de villageois. Les résultats ont permis d’identifier des référentiels d’impacts, de vulnérabilités (V1, V2, V3 et V4), de suivi de la vulnérabilité et des chemins de résilience, capables de promouvoir, des espaces de concertation des acteurs intervenant dans la production agricole pour définir et mettre en oeuvre des chemins innovants de résilience de ce secteur de développement.In western Africa, the resilience of the economic sectors to climate risks and changes is a major development challenge. A strong scientific information is essential to formulate and implement efficient and successful resilience processes. For Western Africa, and particularly for the agricultural sector, making such information available is one of the major scientific challenges in developing resilience strategies. In Togo, agriculture is one of the economic sectors particularly concerned with issues of improving resilience to climate risks and disasters. In default, the development of this sector could be heavily handicapped by the climate changes that will alter precipitation patterns and increase the frequency and the intensity of the extreme weather events. The present research aimed to provide a decision-making referential framework for improving governance and the resilience process of agriculture sector in Maritime region of Togo. The referential carried over, founds itself on ClimProspect model, is based on expert judgment method and coupled with the participative approach. The latter consisted in collecting qualitative data by means of groups of villagers. The results allowed to identify the referential of impact, vulnerabilities (V1, V2, V3 and V4), monitoring of vulnerability and resilience paths, capable of promoting spaces for dialogue between stakeholders involved in the resilience of agricultural production. Actors involved in the sector establish shared objectives of resilience, define and plan in time innovation and regularly baseline of resilience actions in this development sector

Prediction of close-to-zero modal dispersion over a wide range of wavelengths in singly clad Multimode fibers

A numerical analysis of second- and third-order modal dispersions in singly clad multimode optical fibers is presented. We show that, because of their cutoff properties, singly clad multimode optical fibers could provide modal dispersions characteristics similar to those observed in multiclad single mode fibers.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe