Síntesis de fotocatalizadores de vanadato de plata activados por luz solar para usarse en la degradación del fenol en diversas configuraciones de reactores fotocatalíticos

Se aborda el problema de la purificación del agua para beber a través de fotocatálisis heterogénea sintetizando mezclas de vanadatos de plata, principalmente Ag3VO4, como fotocatalizadores para usarse en presencia de luz UV, luz visible y luz solar, en los reactores fotocatalíticosPhoto-CREC-Water-II, Reactor Solar de Vaso Agitado y Reactor solar UAZ-1.Eje: Economía, producción y tecnología.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Síntesis de fotocatalizadores de vanadato de plata activados por luz solar para usarse en la degradación del fenol en diversas configuraciones de reactores fotocatalíticos

Se aborda el problema de la purificación del agua para beber a través de fotocatálisis heterogénea sintetizando mezclas de vanadatos de plata, principalmente Ag3VO4, como fotocatalizadores para usarse en presencia de luz UV, luz visible y luz solar, en los reactores fotocatalíticosPhoto-CREC-Water-II, Reactor Solar de Vaso Agitado y Reactor solar UAZ-1.Eje: Economía, producción y tecnología.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Síntesis de fotocatalizadores de vanadato de plata activados por luz solar para usarse en la degradación del fenol en diversas configuraciones de reactores fotocatalíticos

Se aborda el problema de la purificación del agua para beber a través de fotocatálisis heterogénea sintetizando mezclas de vanadatos de plata, principalmente Ag3VO4, como fotocatalizadores para usarse en presencia de luz UV, luz visible y luz solar, en los reactores fotocatalíticosPhoto-CREC-Water-II, Reactor Solar de Vaso Agitado y Reactor solar UAZ-1.Eje: Economía, producción y tecnología.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

α_1B-Adrenergic receptor-Rab 4 and Rab 11 interactions.

<p>Images of cells coexpressing α_1B-adrenergic receptors tagged with the DsRed fluorescent protein (α_1B-AR) and Rab 4 (panel A) or Rab 11 (panel B) tagged with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Scale bars: 15 μm.Other indications as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0121165#pone.0121165.g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>.</p

α_1B-Adrenergic receptor-Rab 5 interaction.

<p>Images of cells coexpressing α_1B-adrenergic receptors tagged with the DsRed fluorescent protein (α_1B-AR) and Rab 5 tagged with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Other indications as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0121165#pone.0121165.g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>. Panel A, wild-type Rab 5 (WT); panel B, dominant-negative Rab 5 (Rab 5-GDP); and panel C, constitutively active Rab 5 (Rab 5-GTP). In panel D, the quantitative analysis of the FRET index is presented. Plotted are the means and vertical lines representing the S.E.M of 5–7 experiments using different cell preparations. * p< 0.001 vs. wild-type baseline (B) and stimulated with sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). ** p< 0.001 vs. Rab 5-GTP baseline (B) and stimulated with sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Scale bars: 15 μm.</p

α_1B-Adrenergic receptor action and desensitization.

<p>Panel A: Cells expressing wild-type (black symbols) or DsRed-tagged (red symbols) human α_1B-adrenergic receptors were pre-incubated for 15 min in the absence or presence or 1 μM phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and then were challenged with 10 noradrenaline (NA, arrow), 1 μM PMA or 1 μM bradykinin (BK) and intracellular calcium concentration was recorded. Plotted in the left figure are the means and vertical lines that represent the S.E.M. of 4–6 experiments using different cell preparations. *p < 0.001 vs. NA action in cells pre-incubated without PMA. Middle and right figures are representative tracings. Panel B: Cells expressing wild-type (black symbols) or DsRed-tagged (red symbols) human α_1B-adrenergic receptors were pre-incubated for 15 min in the absence or presence or 1 μM sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and then were challenged with 10 noradrenaline (NA, arrow), 1 μM S1P or 1 μM bradykinin (BK) and intracellular calcium concentration was recorded. In the left figure the means and vertical lines are plotted, that represent he S.E.M. of 4–6 experiments using different cell preparations. *p < 0.001 vs. NA action in cells pre-incubated without S1P. Middle and right figures are representative tracings.</p

α_1B-Adrenergic receptor phosphorylation and internalization.

<p>Panel A: Cells expressing wild-type (black symbols) or DsRed-tagged (red symbols) human α_1B-adrenergic receptors were incubated in the absence of any agent (B, baseline, 30 min), 10 μM noradrenaline (NA, 15 min) or 1 μM sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P, 30 min) to study receptor phosphorylation state. Plotted are the means and vertical lines representing the S.E.M. of 3–4 experiments using different cell preparations. *p < 0.005 vs. B (their respective cell line baseline value), **p < 0.05 vs. B (their respective baseline value). Representative autoradiographs are presented. Panel B: Confocal microscopy images of cells expressing DsRed α_1B-adrenergic receptors incubated for 15 min in the absence of any agent (B, baseline), 10 μM noradrenaline (NA) or 1 μM sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Panel C: Confocal microscopy images of cells expressing wild-type α_1B-adrenergic receptors incubated for 15 min in the absence of any agent (B, baseline), 10 μM noradrenaline (NA) or 1 μM sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Scale bars: 15 μm.</p

Representative emission spectra obtained from cells coexpressing Ds-Red-tagged α1B-adrenergic receptors and EGFP-tagged Rab proteins 5 or 9.

<p>The emission spectrum was captured at time zero (baseline, continuous lines), then cells were incubated for 15 min with 10μM noradrenaline (NA, blue lines) or with 1 μM sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P, brown lines) and then, the emission spectrum was captured again (black dotted lines).</p

DsRed-tagged α1B-adrenergic receptor and membrane-directed EGFP-tagged β-arrestin 2 colocalization.

<p>Panel A: Representative image of cells expressing DsRed-tagged human α1B-adrenergic receptors and membrane-directed EGFP-tagged β-arrestin 2; colocalization is indicated in white. Panel B: Cells were incubated for the times indicated in the presence of 10 μM noradrenaline (NA) or 1 μM sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and images were obtained. Plasma membrane fluorescence was deleted and intracellular colocalization is indicated in white. Panel C: Images obtained as indicated in Panel B were analyzed for intracellular colocalization of adrenergic receptors and β-arrestin. Plotted are the means and vertical lines representing the S.E.M. of 3–4 experiments using different cell preparations and 4–5 images were obtained and analyzed, from each condition. Scale bars: 15 μm.</p

α_1B-Adrenergic receptor-Rab 9 interaction.

<p>Images of cells coexpressing α_1B-adrenergic receptors tagged with the DsRed fluorescent protein (α_1B-AR) and Rab 9 tagged with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Other indications as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0121165#pone.0121165.g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>. Panel A, wild-type Rab 9 (WT); panel B, dominant-negative Rab 9 (Rab 9-GDP); and panel C, constitutively-active Rab 9 (Rab 9-GTP). In panel D, the quantitative analysis of the FRET index is presented. Plotted are the means and vertical lines representing the S.E.M of 5–10 experiments using different cell preparations. * p< 0.001 vs. Rab 9-GTP baseline (B); ** p< 0.001 vs. wild-type baseline (B) and wild-type stimulated with noradrenaline (NA). Scale bars: 15 μm.</p