ANALYZING PEST CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR COTTON WITH AN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX

Environmental Economics and Policy,

Analyzing Levels of Feedback Delivered By Cooperating Teachers and Supervisors in a Teacher Internship: A Case Study

This research analyzed the feedback delivered by cooperating teachers and university supervisors in an internship, and reports how student teachers perceived the feedback they received during debriefing sessions with their mentors. Hattie and Timperley’s (2007) framework for conceptualizing effective feedback was used to analyze cooperating teachers’ and field supervisor’ assessment of the student teachers’ classroom instruction. Findings from two surveys, documents, and interviews revealed a preponderance of feedback that was devoted to instruction and classroom management with a relative paucity of feedback dedicated to the processing of instruction, consideration of student learning, and development of self-reflection in the student teachers. Implications from this study inform the internship experience and the role systematic and focused feedback occupies in fostering the reflective practitioners’ dispositions and deeper opportunities learning to teach

The impact of specialist palliative care on coping in Parkinson's disease : the experiences of patients and carers

This portfolio thesis consists of three parts; a systematic literature review, an empirical study, and a set of appendices.Part one is a systematic literature review, reviewing literature regarding the relationship between the way patients with Parkinson’s Disease cope with their illness and the degree of depressive symptoms they experience. This review was undertaken as it has been suggested that psychological variables may influence the presence of depressive symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease, and coping may be one such variable. Identification of adaptive or maladaptive ways of coping could potentially aid effective targeting of psychological interventions for depressive symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease.Part two of this portfolio is an empirical study exploring the impact of specialist palliative care on coping for patients with Parkinson’s Disease and their carers. Despite recommendations that palliative needs are considered throughout the course of Parkinson’s Disease, referral to specialist palliative care is less common for this population than in other illnesses such as cancer, despite these illnesses being associated with similar challenges. Specialist palliative care appears to be beneficial in helping patients with other illnesses and their carers cope, however there is a lack of research exploring the impact of such services in Parkinson’s Disease. This study aimed to contribute to the discussion regarding whether such services should be developed and made more accessible for patients with Parkinson’s Disease and their carers.Part three consists of a set of appendices relating to both parts one and two

ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF LAND USE CHANGES FROM A RESTRICTED NITROGEN FERTILIZER STRATEGY

Land Economics/Use,

The safety of electrical stimulation in patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators: A systematic review

Introduction: A number of patients are excluded from electrical stimulation treatment because there is concern that electrical stimulation could cause electromagnetic interference with pacemakers and implanted cardioverter defibrillators. The decision to use electrical stimulation in these patients needs to be supported by an assessment of benefit and harm. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the risk of electromagnetic interference between electrical stimulation and pacemakers or implanted cardioverter defibrillators. We included the electronic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE in the time period between 1966 and 26 August 2016. Results: 18 papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria (eight safety studies and ten case studies). Although we were unable to accurately estimate the risk of electromagnetic interference, the studies revealed that patients having electrical stimulation of the lower limb are less susceptible to electromagnetic interference. Conclusions: The results suggest that electrical stimulation could be used safely to help drop foot in patients with pacemakers or implanted cardioverter defibrillators. However, in order to obtain an accurate estimate of the risk of electromagnetic interference, a large, long-term, and intervention-specific safety study is required. Until such a study is undertaken, electrical stimulation should be used with caution in patients with pacemakers and implanted cardioverter defibrillators

Regulatory T Cells Control Antigen-Specific Expansion of Tfh Cell Number and Humoral Immune Responses via the Coreceptor CTLA-4

SummaryCD4+Foxp3-expressing Treg cells, which constitutively express the inhibitory coreceptor CTLA-4, are indispensable for immune homeostasis. We determined the roles of Treg cells and T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells in the control of humoral immune responses. Depletion of Treg cells, blocking of CTLA-4 or a Treg cell specific reduction in CTLA-4 expression, resulted in an increase in the formation of antigen-specific Tfh cells, germinal center (GC), and plasma and memory B cells after vaccination. In the absence of Treg cell-expressed CTLA-4, large numbers of Tfr cells were present but were unable to restrain Tfh cell and GC formation. Temporary Treg cell depletion during primary immunization was sufficient to enhance secondary immune responses. Treg cells directly inhibited, via CTLA-4, B cell expression of CD80 and CD86, which was essential for Tfh cell formation. Thus, Treg and Tfr cells control Tfh cell and germinal center development, via CTLA-4-dependent regulation of CD80 and CD86 expression

Quasisymmetry and rectifiability of quasispheres

We obtain Dini conditions with "exponent 2" that guarantee that an asymptotically conformal quasisphere is rectifiable. In particular, we show that for any e>0 integrability of (esssup_{1-t < |x| < 1+t} K_f(x)-1)^{2-e} dt/t implies that the image of the unit sphere under a global quasiconformal homeomorphism f is rectifiable. We also establish estimates for the weak quasisymmetry constant of a global K-quasiconformal map in neighborhoods with maximal dilatation close to 1.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures (version 3: minor changes and typos fixed

MHV Techniques for QED Processes

Significant progress has been made in the past year in developing new `MHV' techniques for calculating multiparticle scattering amplitudes in Yang-Mills gauge theories. Most of the work so far has focussed on applications to Quantum Chromodynamics, both at tree and one-loop level. We show how such techniques can also be applied to abelian theories such as QED, by studying the simplest tree-level multiparticle process, e^+e^- to n \gamma. We compare explicit results for up to n=5 photons using both the Cachazo, Svrcek and Witten `MHV rules' and the related Britto-Cachazo-Feng `recursion relation' approaches with those using traditional spinor techniques.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures. References adde

Feeding of soy protein isolate to rats during pregnancy and lactation suppresses formation of aberrant crypt foci in their progeny's colons: interaction of diet with fetal alcohol exposure

Soy protein isolate (SPI) in the diet may inhibit colon tumorigenesis. We examined azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in male rats in relation to lifetime, pre-weaning, or post-weaning dietary exposure to SPI and also within the context of fetal alcohol exposure. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were fed AIN-93G diets containing casein (20%, the control diet) or SPI (20%) as the sole protein source starting on gestation day 4 (GD 4). Progeny were weaned on postnatal day (PND) 21 to the same diet as their dams and were fed this diet until termination of the experiment at PND 138. Rats received AOM on PND 89 and 96. Lifetime (GD 4 to PND 138) feeding of SPI led to reduced frequency of ACF with 4 or more crypts in the distal colon. Progeny of dams fed SPI only during pregnancy and lactation or progeny fed SPI only after weaning exhibited similarly reduced frequency of large ACF in distal colon. Number of epithelial cells, in the distal colon, undergoing apoptosis was unaffected by diet. SPI reduced weight gain and adiposity, but these were not correlated with fewer numbers of large ACF. Lifetime SPI exposure similarly inhibited development of large ACF in Sprague Dawley rats whose dams were exposed to ethanol during pregnancy. In summary, feeding of SPI to rat dams during pregnancy and lactation suppresses numbers of large ACF in their progeny, implying a long-term or permanent change elicited by the maternal diet. Moreover, results support the use of ACF as an intermediate endpoint for elucidating effects of SPI and its biochemical constituents in colon cancer prevention in rats