Natural Gauge Hierarchy in SO(10)

It is shown that a natural gauge hierarchy and doublet-triplet splitting can be achieved in SO(10) using the Dimopoulos-Wilczek mechanism. Artificial cancellations (fine-tuning) and arbitrary forms of the superpotential are avoided, the superpotential being the most general compatible with a symmetry. It is shown by example that the Dimopoulos-Wilczek mechanism can be protected against the effects of higher-dimension operators possibly induced by Planck-scale physics. Natural implementation of the mechanism leads to an automatic Peccei-Quinn symmetry. The same local symmetries that would protect the gauge hierarchy against Planck-scale effects tend to protect the axion also. It is shown how realistic quark and lepton masses might arise in this framework. It is also argued that ``weak suppression'' of proton decay can be implemented more economically than can ``strong suppression'', offering some grounds to hope (in the context of SO(10)) that proton decay could be seen at Superkamiokande.Comment: 26 pages in plain LaTeX, 5 figures available on request, BA-94-0

The Stability of the Gauge Hierarchy in SU(5)×SU(5)SU(5) \times SU(5)

It has been shown that the Dimopoulos-Wilczek (or missing-VEV) mechanism for doublet-triplet splitting can be implemented in $SU(5) \times SU(5)$ models, which requires no adjoint Higgs fields. This is an advantage from the point of view of string theory construction. Here the stability of the gauge hierarchy is examined in detail, and it is shown that it can be guaranteed much more simply than in $SO(10)$. In fact a $Z_2$ symmetry ensures the stability of the DW form of the expectation values to all orders in GUT-scale VEVs. It is also shown that models based on $SO(10) \times SU(5)$ have the advantages of $SU(5) \times SU(5)$ while permitting complete quark-lepton unification as in $SO(10)$.Comment: 13 pages, LaTe

Fast Local Binary Patterns for Efficient Face Recognition

LBP, Local Binary Patterns, is an accepted technique for efficient face recognition. The local features improve the recognition process. However, high memory and computational resources are needed for LBP required approaches to improve the performance. Many people used LBP for extracting features and Support Vector Machine (SVM), histogram matching, neural networks as recognition tools. These approaches consume considerable computational resources. We have proposed a fast LBP which uses Two-level Correlation for the classification & recognition. The exhaustive experiments on FERET database 8750 images substantiate the performance compared to others. [Keywords— Face Recognition, LBP, Histogram Matching, Two-level Correlation, FERET data set

Lepton Flavor Violation and the Origin of the Seesaw Mechanism

The right--handed neutrino mass matrix that is central to the understanding of small neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism can arise either (i) from renormalizable operators or (ii) from nonrenormalizable or super-renormalizable operators, depending on the symmetries and the Higgs content of the theory beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, we study lepton flavor violating (LFV) effects in the first class of seesaw models wherein the \nu_R Majorana masses arise from renormalizable Yukawa couplings involving a B-L = 2 Higgs field. We present detailed predictions for \tau -> \mu + \gamma and \mu -> e + \gamma branching ratios in these models taking the current neutrino oscillation data into account. Focusing on minimal supergravity models, we find that for a large range of MSSM parameters suggested by the relic abundance of neutralino dark matter and that is consistent with Higgs boson mass and other constraints, these radiative decays are in the range accessible to planned experiments. We compare these predictions with lepton flavor violation in the second class of models arising entirely from the Dirac Yukawa couplings. We study the dependence of the ratio r \equiv B(\mu -> e+\gamma)/B(\tau ->\mu +\gamma) on the MSSM parameters and show that measurement of r can provide crucial insight into the origin of the seesaw mechanism.Comment: 20 pages, Revtex, 7 figure

Effective Lagrangian Approach to the Fermion Mass Problem

An effective theory is proposed, combining the standard gauge group $SU(3)_{C}\otimes SU(2)_{L}\otimes U(1)_{Y}$ with a horizontal discrete symmetry. By assigning appropriate charges under this discrete symmetry to the various fermion fields and to (at least) two Higgs doublets, the broad spread of the fermion mass and mixing angle spectrum can be explained as a result of suppressed, non-renormalisable terms. A particular model is constructed which achieves the above while simultaneously suppressing neutral Higgs-induced flavour-changing processes.Comment: 21 pages, UM-P-93/81, latex file, 1 figure available on reques

Radiative stability of neutrino-mass textures

Neutrino-mass textures proposed at high-scales are known to be unstable against radiative corrections especially for nearly degenerate eigen values. Within the renormalization group constraints we find a mechanism in a class of gauge theories which guarantees reproduction of any high-scale texture at low energies with radiative stability. We also show how the mechanism explains solar and atmospheric neutrino anomalies through the bimaximal texture at high scale.Comment: 4 pages REVTEX, 1 Postscript fi

Low-energy formulas for neutrino masses with tan⁡β\tan \beta-dependent hierarchy

Using radiative correction and seesaw mechanism,we derive analytic formulas for neutrino masses in SUSY unified theories exhibiting, for the first time, a new hierarchial relation among them.The new hierarchy is found to be quite significant especially for smaller values of $\tan\beta$.Comment: 10 pages,REVTEX, no figures,typographical errors rectifie

Study of serum cortisol levels in complicated and uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria patients

Background: Malaria results in pathological changes in various body organs, as the parasite invade and multiply in circulating red blood cells. Despite of advances in diagnostic and treatment modalities, worldwide incidences of malaria are significant. Current study was conducted to investigate serum cortisol level changes as a promising biomarker for risk prediction in malaria and to study adrenal insufficiency in malaria patients.Methods: Current investigation was a prospective observational study, conducted on complicated and uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria patients. Serum cortisol levels in patients were investigated through immunoassay using direct chemiluminescent technology and were statistically correlated with Plasmodium vivax malaria infection.Results: Results of present investigation revealed that on day 1 there was significant difference in mean serum cortisol levels between the Plasmodium vivax malaria patients and control group and cortisol levels were significantly higher in complicated Plasmodium vivax malaria patients compared to uncomplicated cases on day 1 and 7. Cortisol levels were observed to be normal on day 1 and 7 in uncomplicated malaria cases and in patients with bleeding manifestations, renal failure and jaundice. In 10 out of 15 cases of cerebral malaria, significant increase in serum cortisol levels were observed on day 1, while on day 7 levels were normal in all 15 cases.Conclusions: Rise in serum cortisol level had a positive correlation with temperature and thus can be useful to predict the severity of disease in Plasmodium vivax malaria patients. No cortisol insufficiency was observed in during active and convalescent stages of illness

Eliminating the d=5 proton decay operators from SUSY GUTs

A general analysis is made of the question whether the d=5 proton decay operators coming from exchange of colored Higgsinos can be completely eliminated in a natural way in supersymmetric grand unified models. It is shown that they can indeed be in SO(10) while at the same time naturally solving the doublet-triplet splitting problem, having only two light Higgs doublets, and using no more than a single adjoint Higgs field. Accomplishing all of this requires that the vacuum expectation value of the adjoint Higgs field be proportional to the generator I_{3R} rather than to B-L, as is usually assumed. It is shown that such models can give realistic quark and lepton masses. We also point out a new mechanism for solving the \mu problem in the context of SO(10) SUSY GUTs.Comment: 24 pages in LaTeX, with 3 figure

Getting the Supersymmetric Unification Scale from Quantum Confinement with Chiral Symmetry Breaking

Two models which generate the supersymmetric Grand Unification Scale from the strong dynamics of an additional gauge group are presented. The particle content is chosen such that this group confines with chiral symmetry breaking. Fields that are usually introduced to break the Grand Unified group appear instead as composite degrees of freedom and can acquire vacuum expectation values due to the confining dynamics. The models implement known solutions to the doublet-triplet splitting problem. The SO(10) model only requires one higher dimensional representation, an adjoint. The dangerous coloured Higgsino-mediated proton decay operator is naturally suppressed in this model to a phenomenologically interesting level. Neither model requires the presence of gauge singlets. Both models are only technically natural.Comment: LaTex, 23 page