Up Squeeze-Out Merger Creek Without a Paddle: Life for Minority Interest Holders After Welch v. Via Christi Health Partners, Inc.

This is the published version

Sedge meadow response to various experimental treatments

Plant density, species diversity, and the biomass of sedge meadow species were measured in mesocosms treated with one of two levels of four treatments in a randomized block experiment: stratified or not stratified seed, high or low groundwater level, high or low seeding density, and a complete set of all species or a split-set where non-aggressive species were seeded in the spring and aggressive species were seeded the following fall. The study was conducted at Iowa State University’s Hinds Research Farm in Ames, IA from 2013-2016. The high groundwater level had the greatest impact on increasing the plant density, diversity, and biomass of sedge meadow species. Stratifying seed also had a significant impact, but to a lesser extent. Seed density was found to have no effect on sedge meadow species response. The split-set of seeded species increased the plant density and biomass of many non-aggressive sedge species, but only a few grasses or forbs. The split-set also significantly reduced the number of aggressive species present at the end of three years. In a follow-up study from 2015-2016 at the same research site, plant density and species diversity of sedge meadow species were measured in mesocosms treated with varying fine-scale groundwater levels and seeding dates. The groundwater levels were 0, 5, 10, and 20 cm measured below soil surface. The seeding dates were June 16, June 30, and July 14, 2016. The plant density of forb species increased by 0.6 plants/ 0.4 m2 soil surface / cm decrease in groundwater level (p \u3c0.001). The seeding date of June 30 resulted in the highest average plant density of forbs at 6.9 per m2 soil surface (p \u3c0.05). S. tabernaemontani decreased at the rate of -0.1 plants/ 0.4 m2 soil surface/ cm decrease in groundwater level (p \u3c0.001). High numbers of S. tabernaemontani corresponded with decreased plant density of other species and decreased diversity

A Study of a Method to Determine Some of the Effects of Plant Competition

A study was made to determine some effects of competition for water on buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.). The primary objective of the investigation was to determine if effects of competition on buffalo grass, as determined in a greenhouse study, could be measured. Sods containing buffalo grass, buffalo and blue grama grass (Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag.), buffalo, blue grama, and western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii Rydb.), and buffalo, blue grama, western wheatgrass, and western ragweed (Ambrosia psilostachya Gray) were planted in phytometers to evaluate competitive effects. Four watering series (from very dry to wet) were arranged to determine effects of varying moisture conditions on buffalo grass. Buffalo grass plants were carefully studied to determine effects of competition with various species and effects of different moisture conditions. Factors included in the study of buffalo grass plants were: (1) leaf length; (2) stolon lengths; (3) root length; (4) date of flower appearance; (5) number of tillers; (6) number of lateral roots per cm. of main root; and (7) production of tops. Greatest variation in growth and production were caused by different soil moisture conditions; however, some changes were caused by competition. Leaf length was greatly reduced in the drier series and some reduction was generally found as competition increased. Buffalo grass plants grown alone produced leaves which averaged 7.02, 7.65, 12.08, and 13.31 cm. long, respectively, from dry series to wet while competition with the three competitors reduced leaf length approximately one to two cm. Competitive effects for the other two competitive series were intermediate. Stolon length was inconsistently affected by moisture conditions and gave no indication of being influenced by competition. Flower appearance was delayed in accordance with moisture conditions, the dry series showing considerable delay. Flower appearance was also delayed as competition increased. Root length increased as moisture increased in practically every case; however, the effects of competition on root length were again quite variable. The number of tillers per buffalo grass plant increased with increased moisture and, strangely, also increased with increased competition. The number of lateral roots per cm. of main root increased with increasing dryness and, generally, also increased with increasing competition. Production of tops was quite variable and indicated little consistent influence of moisture or competition. Generally, production was greatest for those buffalo grass plants growing under moist conditions and without competition. Results obtained from the study indicate that the procedure used to determine competitive effects has many limitations and changes in the method used will be necessary to insure valid results

Can the Convective Temperature from the 12UTC Sounding be a Good Predictor for the Maximum Temperature, During the Summer Months?

Several forecasting techniques use soundings to get the value of the variable being forecasted. This study examines the validity of a using the convective temperature to forecast for the maximum temperature, while comparing it to other forecasting techniques that use soundings. These include adding 13 degrees to 850mb temperature and using the forecasted high that is included in the sounding analysis. This study also examined where the convective temperature matches the observed high temperature. To do this, most of the information was obtained from the Iowa State University Meteorology Archive and National Weather Service’s archived data. Days were chosen to include at least one day a week for the last week of May and the first week of September. The data points included the convective temperature from the 12UTC, the 850mb temperature, the forecasted high, cloud cover, and the month, region and latitude that the sounding was taken in. The difference was taken between the variable temperatures and the observed maximum temperature. The average was taken of these differences and were taken against each other and against the other variables: latitude, region, month, and cloud cover. Statically analysis was performed to determine how well the variables are correlated and their statistical significance Region and latitude showed the at least some correlation, with latitude being the best. Lower latitudes had the smallest average temperature difference. An additional 20 cases were added to determine how well this proposed convective temperature forecasting method performs in the lower latitudes

Oud tekenen en oud denken

In the spring of 2011, new street lamps were installed in Deventer’s protected townscape. As in other places, the public lighting is modern and consists of LEDs. That said, Deventer chose to fit them in replica nineteenth-century lamps. The city paradoxically chose a 150-year-old fitting for the most advanced twenty-first-century technology. Deventer appears to have so little faith in its twenty-first-century creative industry that it has resorted to that of the nineteenth century. Not so a few years ago when the manhole covers in the city centre were replaced and the chosen design was a subtle cast-iron one that brought the rich tradition of casting iron into the present. Now an old drawing appears to be favoured over and above a new one and there seems to be no desire to add to the cultural tradition: what was is better than what might be. Oddly enough the fittings have branches for the lamplighter’s ladder (although the last lamplighter retired some 80 years ago). And another paradoxical side-effect: the railway and road bridges over the IJssel in Deventer were bombed during the Second World War; the adjacent neighbourhoods were rebuilt in the 1950s. The current set-up creates the impression that the nineteenth-century streetlamps miraculously survived those bombardments.Dit voorjaar werden in het stadsgezicht van Deventer nieuwe straatlantaarns geplaatst. De moderne openbare verlichting is ook hier: LED-verlichting. Deventer koos als armatuur daarvoor niettemin voor een replica van een negentiende-eeuwse lantaarn. Paradox: voor de meest geavanceerde, eenentwintigste-eeuwse techniek werd een drager van 150 jaar geleden gekozen. Kennelijk heeft de gemeente Deventer zo weinig vertrouwen in de eenentwintigste-eeuwse creatieve industrie in de stad, dat een beroep is gedaan op die van de negentiende eeuw. Dat was enkele jaren geleden nog anders. Toen werden de putdeksels in de binnenstad vervangen en daarvoor werd een subtiel ontwerp in gietijzer gekozen, dat de rijke traditie van ijzergieten combineert met de eigen tijd. Nu is er meer vertrouwen in een oude tekening dan in een nieuwe, en wordt de behoefte aan een aanvulling op een culturele traditie niet gevoeld: wat was, is beter dan wat kan zijn. Merkwaardig genoeg daarbij zijn de armaturen voorzien van armen voor de ladder van de lantaarnopsteker (waarvan de laatste zo’n 80 jaar geleden werd gepensioneerd). En nog een paradoxaal neveneffect: de spoorbrug en de verkeersbrug over de IJssel in Deventer werden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog gebombardeerd; de buurten eromheen werden in de jaren 1950 weder-opgebouwd. Het beeld is nu dat op wonderbaarlijke wijze de negentiende-eeuwse lantaarns die bombardementen hebben overleefd

Management of an acute intracranial emergency in pregnancy

We report a case of a mid-20s primigravida at 37 weeks' gestation who presented with severe headache and acute neurological deterioration. The CT brain scan showed hydrocephalus caused by a colloid cyst in the third ventricle. The patient underwent emergency placement of an external ventricular drain for decompression of acute hydrocephalus. Four hours later, labour commenced spontaneously, and in view of her neurological status, a decision was taken to perform a caesarean section under general anaesthetics. Four days postpartum, the patient underwent an endoscopic removal of the cyst. Intracranial emergencies during pregnancy are rare and challenging to manage. The mortality rate can be significant. Diagnostic and surgical intervention should not be delayed because of pregnancy. An individualised treatment approach is required with multidisciplinary input. The collaborative efforts of our multidisciplinary team resulted in prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment in this case that resulted in both a healthy mother and child.</p

Scaling Up AFOLU Mitigation Activities in Non-Annex I Countries

This paper is about reducing greenhouse gas emissions through land use policies in the agriculture and forestry sectors

Cloning, expression, and characterization of a Coxiella burnetii Cu/Zn Superoxide dismutase

BACKGROUND: Periplasmically localized copper-zinc co-factored superoxide dismutase (SodC) enzymes have been identified in a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria and are proposed to protect bacteria from exogenously produced toxic oxygen radicals, which indicates the potential significance of a Coxiella burnetii SodC. RESULTS: Assays for SOD activity demonstrated that the cloned C. burnetii insert codes for a SOD that was active over a wide range of pH and inhibitable with 5 mM H(2)O(2) and 1 mM sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, a characteristic of Cu/ZnSODs that distinguishes them from Fe or Mn SODs. The sodC was expressed by C. burnetii, has a molecular weight of approximately 18 kDa, which is consistent with the predicted molecular weight, and localized towards the periphery of C. burnetii. Over expression of the C. burnetii sodC in an E. coli sodC mutant restored resistance to H(2)O(2) killing to wild type levels. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated that C. burnetii does express a Cu/ZnSOD that is functional at low pH, appears to be excreted, and was able to restore H(2)O(2) resistance in an E. coli sodC mutant. Taken together, these results indicate that the C. burnetii Cu/ZnSOD is a potentially important virulence factor