Overtourism: Its meaning and its impact on the host country

This report relates to a debate held at the University of Malta on the theme of overtourism. Following brief background information on overtourism, the report provides an account of the comments of the panel speakers followed by interventions by the audience, who were mostly students and academic

THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMPARISON OF SELECTED KINEMATICS BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE INTERCOLLEGIATE JAVELIN THROWERS

The purpose of the study was to compare ROM, peak angular acceleration and percent throw values of peak angular acceleration of the upper arm, trunk, and pelvis segments, and elbow and knee joints between skilled male and female javelin throwers. Nine male and 11 female intercollegiate javelin throwers (n = 20) were videotaped using 2 120 Hz cameras. PEAK5 Motion Measurement System was used to analyze the data. Hotelling’s T2 tests revealed no significant differences (p > .01). However, females did appear to use the lower extremity differently by producing large amounts of pelvis ROM, pelvis peak angular acceleration, and knee extension peak angular accelerations. Both groups exhibited the proximal to distal sequencing of accelerations with the exception of upper arm internal rotation

Highly erosive glaciers on Mars - the role of water

International audiencePolewards of 30 • in each hemisphere, the surface of Mars hosts a suite of landforms reminiscent of glacial landscapes on Earth. Amongst these landforms are: 1) Viscous Flow Features (VFF), which resemble glaciers on Earth and are thought to contain large volumes of water ice, 2) martian gullies which are km-scale features resembling water-eroded gullies on Earth and 3) arcuate ridges thought to be moraines from previous glaciations. Gullies have been long-associated with a surface unit originally called "pasted-on terrain" and now often called the "latitude dependant mantle". Arcuate ridges are often found at the base of hillslopes with gullies, but are also found on hillslopes with pasted-on terrain and no gullies. We have found a systematic lowering of the slope of the bedrock exposure located topographically above the pasted-on terrain whether that same slope hosts gullies or not. The lowered bedrock exposures display a different surface texture from bedrock exposed on other parts of the crater wall and from fresh crater walls-it appears fragmented and has reduced relief. Using 1-m-digital elevation models from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) we compared the slopes of eight "eroded" craters and seven unmodified craters. We estimated their age using the crater size-frequency distribution of small craters on their ejecta blankets. From this information we calculated bedrock retreat rates for the eroded craters and found they were up to ∼103 m Myr-1-equivalent to erosion rates of wet-based glaciers on Earth. This is several orders of magnitude higher than previous estimates of erosion by VFF (10-2-101 m Myr-1), which themselves are roughly equivalent to cold-based glaciers on Earth. Such erosion rates are sufficient to erase previously existing landforms, such as martian gullies. We hypothesise, therefore, that the pasted-on terrain is a glacial deposit, overturning its previous interpretation as an airfall deposit of ice nucleated on dust. We maintain the interpretation of the arcuate ridges as moraines, but further conclude that they are likely the result of glaciotectonic deformation of sub-marginal and proglacial sediment in the presence of sediment pore-water. We do not support the generation of large quantities of glacial meltwater because it would have broken-up and degraded the arcuate ridges and pasted-on terrain an produced a suite of landforms (e.g., hummocky moraine, lacustrine forms, outwash plains, eskers) which are not observed

catena-Poly[[[{5,5′-dimeth­oxy-2,2′-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo­methyl­idyne)]diphenolato}manganese(III)]-μ-acetato] methanol monosolvate]

The title MnIII compound, {[Mn(C18H18N2O4)(CH3COO)]·CH3OH}n, was synthesized by a reaction between mangan­ese(II) acetate and ethyl­enebis(4-meth­oxy­salicylaldimine). The structure is made up of bis­(4-meth­oxy­salicyldene)ethyl­enediaminatomanganese(III) units bridged by acetate groups, with Mn—N = 1.9786 (9), Mn—O = 1.8784 (10) and Mn—Oacetate = 2.056 (9) and 2.2571 (9) Å, forming a one dimensional polymer (–Mn–acetate–Mn–acetate–) along [100]. The MnIII atom is in a Jahn–Teller-distorted octa­hedral environment with cis angles ranging from 81.87 (4) to 96.53 (4)° and trans angles ranging from 166.11 (3) to 173.93 (3)°. The methanol solvent mol­ecule is hydrogen bonded to the phenolate O atom. In addition to this classical hydrogen bond, there are weak C—H⋯O inter­actions. The structure was determined from a crystal twinned by pseudo-merohedry

Confined magnetic guiding orbit states

We show how snake-orbit states which run along a magnetic edge can be confined electrically. We consider a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) confined into a quantum wire, subjected to a strong perpendicular and steplike magnetic field $B/-B$. Close to this magnetic step new, spatially confined bound states arise as a result of the lateral confinement and the magnetic field step. The number of states, with energy below the first Landau level, increases as $B$ becomes stronger or as the wire width becomes larger. These bound states can be understood as an interference between two counter-propagating one-dimensional snake-orbit states.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

N 1,N 2-Bis[(2-chloro-6-methyl­quinolin-3-yl)methyl­idene]ethane-1,2-diamine

The title mol­ecule, C24H20Cl2N4, lies on an inversion center in an extended trans conformation. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯Cl inter­actions connect the mol­ecules into chains along [010]

B mu G@Sbase-a microbial gene expression and comparative genomic database

The reducing cost of high-throughput functional genomic technologies is creating a deluge of high volume, complex data, placing the burden on bioinformatics resources and tool development. The Bacterial Microarray Group at St George's (BμG@S) has been at the forefront of bacterial microarray design and analysis for over a decade and while serving as a hub of a global network of microbial research groups has developed BμG@Sbase, a microbial gene expression and comparative genomic database. BμG@Sbase (http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/bugsbase/) is a web-browsable, expertly curated, MIAME-compliant database that stores comprehensive experimental annotation and multiple raw and analysed data formats. Consistent annotation is enabled through a structured set of web forms, which guide the user through the process following a set of best practices and controlled vocabulary. The database currently contains 86 expertly curated publicly available data sets (with a further 124 not yet published) and full annotation information for 59 bacterial microarray designs. The data can be browsed and queried using an explorer-like interface; integrating intuitive tree diagrams to present complex experimental details clearly and concisely. Furthermore the modular design of the database will provide a robust platform for integrating other data types beyond microarrays into a more Systems analysis based future