57 research outputs found
Broadband enhancement of the magneto-optical activity of hybrid Au loaded Bi:YIG
We unravel the underlying near-field mechanism of the enhancement of the
magneto-optical activity of bismuth-substituted yttrium iron garnet films
(Bi:YIG) loaded with gold nanoparticles. The experimental results show that the
embedded gold nanoparticles lead to a broadband enhancement of the
magneto-optical activity with respect to the activity of the bare Bi:YIG films.
Full vectorial near- and far-field simulations demonstrate that this broadband
enhancement is the result of a magneto-optically enabled cross-talking of
orthogonal localized plasmon resonances. Our results pave the way to the
on-demand design of the magneto-optical properties of hybrid magneto-plasmonic
circuitry.Comment: 6 Pages, 3 Figure
THz emission from Fe/Pt spintronic emitters with L1-FePt alloyed interface
Recent developments in nanomagnetism and spintronics have enabled the use of
ultrafast spin physics for terahertz (THz) emission. Spintronic THz emitters,
consisting of ferromagnetic FM / non-magnetic (NM) thin film heterostructures,
have demonstrated impressive properties for the use in THz spectroscopy and
have great potential in scientific and industrial applications. In this work,
we focus on the impact of the FM/NM interface on the THz emission by
investigating Fe/Pt bilayers with engineered interfaces. In particular, we
intentionally modify the Fe/Pt interface by inserting an ordered L1-FePt
alloy interlayer. Subsequently, we establish that a Fe/L1-FePt (2\,nm)/Pt
configuration is significantly superior to a Fe/Pt bilayer structure, regarding
THz emission amplitude. The latter depends on the extent of alloying on either
side of the interface. The unique trilayer structure opens new perspectives in
terms of material choices for the next generation of spintronic THz emitters
Spin current shot noise as a probe of interactions in mesoscopic systems
It is shown that the spin resolved current shot noise can probe attractive or
repulsive interactions in mesoscopic systems. This is illustrated in two
physical situations : i) a normal-superconducting junction where the spin
current noise is found to be zero, and ii) a single electron transistor (SET),
where the spin current noise is found to be Poissonian. Repulsive interactions
may also lead to weak attractive correlations (bunching of opposite spins) in
conditions far from equilibrium. Spin current shot noise can be used to measure
the spin relaxation time , and a set-up is proposed in a quantum dot
geometry.Comment: 5 pages, 4 Figures, revised version, added reference
Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications
Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and
manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article
reviews the current status of this subject, including both recent advances and
well-established results. The primary focus is on the basic physical principles
underlying the generation of carrier spin polarization, spin dynamics, and
spin-polarized transport in semiconductors and metals. Spin transport differs
from charge transport in that spin is a nonconserved quantity in solids due to
spin-orbit and hyperfine coupling. The authors discuss in detail spin
decoherence mechanisms in metals and semiconductors. Various theories of spin
injection and spin-polarized transport are applied to hybrid structures
relevant to spin-based devices and fundamental studies of materials properties.
Experimental work is reviewed with the emphasis on projected applications, in
which external electric and magnetic fields and illumination by light will be
used to control spin and charge dynamics to create new functionalities not
feasible or ineffective with conventional electronics.Comment: invited review, 36 figures, 900+ references; minor stylistic changes
from the published versio
Aberrant Herpesvirus-Induced Polyadenylation Correlates With Cellular Messenger RNA Destruction
Inhibition of host cell gene expression by the human herpesvirus KSHV occurs via a novel mechanism involving polyadenylation-linked RNA turnover
Livestock 2.0 â genome editing for fitter, healthier, and more productive farmed animals
Abstract The human population is growing, and as a result we need to produce more food whilst reducing the impact of farming on the environment. Selective breeding and genomic selection have had a transformational impact on livestock productivity, and now transgenic and genome-editing technologies offer exciting opportunities for the production of fitter, healthier and more-productive livestock. Here, we review recent progress in the application of genome editing to farmed animal species and discuss the potential impact on our ability to produce food
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