Animals in Education: The Use of Animals in High School Biology Classes and Science Fairs

ANIMALS IN EDUCATION is the proceedings of the conference, The Use of Animals in High School Biology Classes and Science Fairs, held September 27-28, 1979 in Washington, D.C. which was sponsored by The Institute for the Study of Animal Problems, 2100 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. in connection with The Myrin Institute for Adult Education, 521 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10021.https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/hebg/1000/thumbnail.jp

Animals in Education: Use of Animals in High School Biology Classes and Science Fairs

SESSION I-EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES AND EXPERIMENTAL REVIEW Objectives of Animal Use in Biology Courses - William V. Mayer Student (and Animal) Welfare - Leonard M. Krause Learning from Animals: Models for Studying Physiology and Disease - W. jean Dodds Reverence for Life: An Ethic for High School Biology Curricula - George K. Russell Pain-infliction in Animal Research - Dorothy Tennov SESSION II-THE USE OF VERTEBRATES IN BIOLOGY CLASSES Secondary and Elementary School Use of Live and Preserved Animals - Marvin B. Emmons Understanding and Attitudes Derived from the Use of Animals in Schools - Peter J. Kelly The Vertebrate Animal in High School Biology - Alan M. Beck Animals in British Schools: Legal and Practical Problems - Jennifer Remfry No Pain Infliction by Untrained Youths - Christine Stevens SESSION III-HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE FAIRS: EVALUATION OF LIVE ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION Science Youth Activities and Animal Experimentation - E.G. Sherburne, Jr. High School Science Fairs: Evaluation of Live Animal Experimentation--The Canadian Experience - Harry C. Rowsell The Challenge and Motivation of Students through Live Animal Projects - Thurman S. Grafton Humaneness Supersedes Curiosity - F. Barbara Orlans Role of the Student\u27s Supervisor/Advisor in Science Fair Projects - F.M. Loew Fundamental Criteria for Determining the Educational Value of Live Animal Experimentation in High School Science Fairs - David H. Neil DISCUSSION A State Educational Agency\u27s Position on Science Curricula Involving Animals - William E. Spooner Implications of State Humane Laws for Education - Wayne A. Moyer A Brief History of the 1979 Massachusetts Act Regulating the Use of Live Animals in Public School Activities - Nancy Ann Payton State Laws Restricting Animal Experiments in Secondary Schools - Margaret Morrison The Debate Over Animal Rights: An Introduction - Tom Regan APPENDICES Guidelines for Study of Animals in Elementary and Secondary Schools Code of Practice for Animal Related Studies in Science Fairs Model Bill on the Study of Animals in Elementary and Secondary Schools and in Science Fair

Controlling the uncontrolled: Are there incidental experimenter effects on physiologic responding?

The degree to which experimenters shape participant behavior has long been of interest in experimental social science research. Here, we extend this question to the domain of peripheral psychophysiology, where experimenters often have direct, physical contact with participants, yet researchers do not consistently test for their influence. We describe analytic tools for examining experimenter effects in peripheral physiology. Using these tools, we investigate nine data sets totaling 1,341 participants and 160 experimenters across different roles (e.g., lead research assistants, evaluators, confederates) to demonstrate how researchers can test for experimenter effects in participant autonomic nervous system activity during baseline recordings and reactivity to study tasks. Our results showed (a) little to no significant variance in participants' physiological reactivity due to their experimenters, and (b) little to no evidence that three characteristics of experimenters that are well known to shape interpersonal interactions-status (using five studies with 682 total participants), gender (using two studies with 359 total participants), and race (in two studies with 554 total participants)-influenced participants' physiology. We highlight several reasons that experimenter effects in physiological data are still cause for concern, including the fact that experimenters in these studies were already restricted on a number of characteristics (e.g., age, education). We present recommendations for examining and reducing experimenter effects in physiological data and discuss implications for replication

Active ghrelin and the postpartum

Postpartum depression (PPD) occurs in 10%–15% of women. The appetite hormone ghrelin, which fluctuates during pregnancy, is associated with depression in nonpregnant samples. Here, we examine the association between PPD and active ghrelin from pregnancy to postpartum. We additionally examine whether ghrelin changes from pregnancy to postpartum and differs between breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding women

Body image, aging, and identity in women over 50: The Gender and Body Image (GABI) study

We conducted a qualitative study of 1,849 women over age 50 to capture the thoughts, feelings, and attitudes that women at middle age have about their bodies and the experience of aging. Via an open-ended question online survey, four primary themes emerged: 1) the physical and psychological experience of aging; 2) the injustices, inequities, and challenges of aging; 3) the importance of self-care; and 4) a plea for recognition of the need to maintain a contributory role in society. Results highlight the complexities of women’s psychological and physical aspects of aging and point toward important topics worthy of further study in this growing population

Protein and Crude Carotenoid Content of Hybrid and Open-Pollinated Corn; A Summary

The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Surgical Excision of Heterotopic Ossification Leads to Re‐Emergence of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Populations Responsible for Recurrence

Trauma‐induced heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs after severe musculoskeletal injuries and burns, and presents a significant barrier to patient rehabilitation. Interestingly, the incidence of HO significantly increases with repeated operations and after resection of previous HO. Treatment of established heterotopic ossification is challenging because surgical excision is often incomplete, with evidence of persistent heterotopic bone. As a result, patients may continue to report the signs or symptoms of HO, including chronic pain, nonhealing wounds, and joint restriction. In this study, we designed a model of recurrent HO that occurs after surgical excision of mature HO in a mouse model of hind‐limb Achilles’ tendon transection with dorsal burn injury. We first demonstrated that key signaling mediators of HO, including bone morphogenetic protein signaling, are diminished in mature bone. However, upon surgical excision, we have noted upregulation of downstream mediators of osteogenic differentiation, including pSMAD 1/5. Additionally, surgical excision resulted in re‐emergence of a mesenchymal cell population marked by expression of platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐α (PDGFRα) and present in the initial developing HO lesion but absent in mature HO. In the recurrent lesion, these PDGFRα+ mesenchymal cells are also highly proliferative, similar to the initial developing HO lesion. These findings indicate that surgical excision of HO results in recurrence through similar mesenchymal cell populations and signaling mechanisms that are present in the initial developing HO lesion. These results are consistent with findings in patients that new foci of ectopic bone can develop in excision sites and are likely related to de novo formation rather than extension of unresected bone. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:799–806Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136492/1/sct312067.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136492/2/sct312067-sup-0001-suppinfo1.pd

Binge-Eating Disorder in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The best treatment options for binge-eating disorder are unclear