35,923 research outputs found
Individual Philanthropy Patterns in Metro Atlanta
This report responds to the question of what do Metro-Atlanta nonprofit leaders know about why individuals give to charity. Specifically, there are several questions that are fundamental to this initial study. They include:* Who is giving?* What motivates individuals to give?* How much is being given?* Where is the giving being directed?The study is an initial attempt commissioned by The Community Foundation for Greater Atlanta to collect reliable baseline data on individual giving patterns in the Twenty-two County Atlanta region. The information is to be used for understanding the demographic characteristics of givers as well as their perceptions, beliefs, values, and attitudes about charitable giving, volunteering, charitable organizations, and the factors that motivate them to support nonprofit organizations. In addition, the data also provides insight into the types of information that are most useful to individuals when making their giving decisions, and direction about issues the nonprofit sector must address to increase giving and enhance its visibility and legitimacy
Stranded superconducting cable of improved design
High-current cable developed in liquid helium cooled magnets uses aluminum wire interspersed with the superconductor strands. The aluminum maintains higher electrical conductivity, is light in weight, and has low thermal capacity
Effect of blockage ratio on drag and pressure distributions for bodies of revolution at transonic speeds
Experimental data were obtained in two wind tunnels for 13 models over a Mach number range from 0.70 to 1.02. Effects of increasing test-section blockage ratio in the transonic region near a Mach number of 1.0 included change in the shape of the drag curves, premature drag creep, delayed drag divergence, and a positive increment of pressures on the model afterbodies. Effects of wall interference were apparent in the data even for a change in blockage ratio from a very low 0.000343 to an even lower 0.000170. Therefore, models having values of blockage ratio of 0.0003 - an order of magnitude below the previously considered safe value of 0.0050 - had significant errors in the drag-coefficient values obtained at speeds near a Mach number of 1.0. Furthermore, the flow relief afforded by slots or perforations in test-section walls - designed according to previously accepted criteria for interference-free subsonic flow - does not appear to be sufficient to avoid significant interference of the walls with the model flow field for Mach numbers very close to 1.0
The Role of Cold Flows in the Assembly of Galaxy Disks
We use high resolution cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to demonstrate
that cold flow gas accretion, particularly along filaments, modifies the
standard picture of gas accretion and cooling onto galaxy disks. In the
standard picture, all gas is initially heated to the virial temperature of the
galaxy as it enters the virial radius. Low mass galaxies are instead dominated
by accretion of gas that stays well below the virial temperature, and even when
a hot halo is able to develop in more massive galaxies there exist dense
filaments that penetrate inside of the virial radius and deliver cold gas to
the central galaxy. For galaxies up to ~L*, this cold accretion gas is
responsible for the star formation in the disk at all times to the present.
Even for galaxies at higher masses, cold flows dominate the growth of the disk
at early times. Within this modified picture, galaxies are able to accrete a
large mass of cold gas, with lower initial gas temperatures leading to shorter
cooling times to reach the disk. Although star formation in the disk is
mitigated by supernovae feedback, the short cooling times allow for the growth
of stellar disks at higher redshifts than predicted by the standard model.Comment: accepted to Ap
Alternatives to the medical model of childbirth : a qualitative study of user-centred maternity care.
This thesis sets out to explore some important gaps in the sociological and feminist
understanding of the provision of maternity care and of women's health needs.
The research was concerned with an exploration of the implementation of proposals for
the provision of user-centred maternity care which emerged from the critiques of current
medicalised provision. It evaluates the effects of an attempt to provide user-centred
maternity care within the Primary Health Care sector (PHC) from both the women's and
workers' perspectives and experience.
The central questions addressed within the research have been: Firstly, to assess the
degree to which such models of service delivery provide a user centred approach.
Secondly, to identify the form of the relationship between the women users and providers
from the practices and to develop an understanding of the mechanisms of interaction
between them. Thirdly, to explore the extent to which the provision of such care is
appropriate to match women users' self identified needs. Finally, to assess the potential
of female health workers to adopt a form of provider and user relationship where the
balance of power is altered in the users' favour.
The main body of the research consisted of a qualitative study conducted in two general
practices. These were chosen as specific examples of innovative practices attempting to
provide a genuinely user-centred maternity service. The fieldwork consisted of three
methodological components:
Firstly, unstructured interviews were conducted with women users and workers. A
sample of 30 women who were pregnant for the first time were interviewed on three
occasions during their pregnancy and in the immediate post-natal period. In addition, 10
second time mothers were also interviewed post-natally. In terms of the workers', in depth interviews were conducted with midwives, GPs and practice nurses within the
PHC setting.
Secondly, observations were undertaken on the interactions between the women and
workers and between members of the PHC team during the course of the women's antenatal and post-natal care.
Finally, a structured questionnaire was used with a sample of women from one of the
practice's well woman clinic.
The research findings indicate the existence of a user-centred frame of reference held by
female health workers - especially the midwives - for the provision of health care to
women, which was opposed to the medical model. It explores the translation into
practice of this model of maternity care and identifies the way that it functioned to enable
women to exercise greater control over their health care and experience of pregnancy.
Within this model the traditional 'with woman' role of the midwife was found to be
central. Considerable convergence was found between the models held by the main
parties in the interaction - issues concerned with choice, control and the provision of
information were all found to be central to the care provided and to women's and
workers' models.
However, constraints on the effective implementation of the model were found in terms
of the influence of professionalism (particularly on the GPs) and the dominance of the
hospital system. These resulted in limits to the women workers' ability to meet the needs
of women users
On Auxiliary Fields in BF Theories
We discuss the structure of auxiliary fields for non-Abelian BF theories in
arbitrary dimensions. By modifying the classical BRST operator, we build the
on-shell invariant complete quantum action. Therefore, we introduce the
auxiliary fields which close the BRST algebra and lead to the invariant
extension of the classical action.Comment: 7 pages, minor changes, typos in equations corrected and
acknowledgements adde
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