Contribuição da fitoquímica para o desenvolvimento de um país emergente

The sustainable development of an emergent country is dependent on a consistent scientific, technologic and innovative policy, on nature and biodiversity, on a rational exploration of natural resources to feeding, social advance and economical aim along with maintenance of health and diseases treatment. Phytochemical investigations may be used to contribute with development throughout undergraduate and graduate career preparing professionals with qualification to these activities, as researcher and professor, including discovering and divulgation of new scientific knowlegments. The role of organic compounds produced by secondary metabolism of plants in the development of new drugs is presented (e. g.) throughout exposition using examples of features involved in this activity, since the recognition of a plant-derived popular medicine, until the laboratory semi-synthesis of its main constituents. Several aspects related to the use of some vegetable species in treatment of many tropical diseases are pointed. Economical and social importance of isolation, structural characterization, pharmacological investigation and chemical transformations of new natural organic substances isolated from the plants are related

Chemical constituents of Cardiospermum corindum L. and their distribution in Sapindaceae

AbstractPhytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Cardiospermum corindum L. led to the isolation of two triterpenes [friedelin (1) and friedelinol (2)], two coumarins, [umbelliferone (4) and scopoletin (5)], three methoxylated flavones [umuhengerin (3), luteolin 3’,4’-dimethyl ether (6) and chrysoeriol (7)], one non-cyanogenic glucoside [epidermin (8)] and one cyclitol [(L)-quebrachitol (9)]. To our knowledge, 2, 3, 6 and 8 were isolated for the first time within Sapindaceae. Of these classes of metabolites, the distribution of methoxylated flavonoids in Cardiospermum is reviewed, including the new records, indicating that polymethoxylated flavonoid (3) may be value as chemotaxonomic markers for this genus

Photochemistry of Cyclic Vicinal Tricarbonyl Compounds. Photochemical Reaction of 1,2,3- Indanetrione with 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene: Hydrogen Abstraction and Photocycloaddition

A irradiação na região do ultravioleta de 1,2,3-indanotriona, em presença de 2,3-dimetil-2-buteno, em diclorometano, leva a uma mistura complexa de produtos formados a partir de reações de abstração de hidrogênio, fotocicloadição [2 π +2 π ] (reação de Paternò-Büchi) e fotocicloadição [4 π +2 π ]. A distribuição de produtos é dependente de fatores eletrônicos e estéricos, com estes últimos sendo os responsáveis pelo alto rendimento químico de formação do produto resultante da cicloadição fotoquímica [4 π +2 π ]. UV irradiation of 1,2,3-indanetrione, in CH 2 Cl 2 , in the presence of 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene yields a complex mixture of products arising from hydrogen abstraction, [2 π +2 π ] photocycloaddition (Paternò-Büchi reaction), and [4 π +2 π ] photocycloaddition. The reaction is dependent on electronic and steric effects, with the later accounting for the high chemical yield observed for the formation of the dioxene-type product

Alcalóides de Peschiera affinis (Muell. Arg) Miers (Apocynaceae)

The methanolic extracts of bark and woody roots from three especimens of Peschiera affinis (Apocynaceae) collected at different geographical sites (Fortaleza , Ubajara-CE e Cical-PI) afforded, after chromatographical separation, the following alkaloids: coronanidine, epiheyneanine, affinisine, vobasine, olivacine, voacangine, voacristine, iboxygaine and l9-hidroxi-ibogamine. The latter four substances were found previously in the genus Tabernanthe and Voacanga and are registered here for Peschiera affinis for the first time.A vista da discordância dos dados registrados na literatura (Cava, 1964, 1968 ; Jerry, 1963 e Matos, 1976) quanto aos alcalóides de Peschierra affinis, retomou-se seu estudo com o objetivo desta espécie. Foram analisados amostras das cascas e do lenho das raízes de material coletado em locais diferentes em altitude, longitude e latitude. Foram identificados além de substâncias de natureza alifática (sitosterol,β-amirina e lupenol). os seguintes alcalóides indólicoscoronaridina, voacangina, 20-epiheyneanina, voacristina, affinisina, vobasina, olivacina e uma mistura de 19-hidroxi-ibogamina e iboxigaína). Dentre estes, quatro são inéditos na espécie (voacangina, voacristina, 19-hidroxi-ibogaina e eboxigaína). Apenas pequenas diferenças foram observadas nos três materiais estudados, observando-se porém, acentuada diferença quando comparadas com os resultados obtidos no primeiro trabalho químico sobre os alcalóides desta espécie (Jerry, 1963)

The synthesis of new isochromanylacetylarylhydrazones designed as probable non-addictive analgesic agents

The synthesis and pharmacological profile as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents of new isochromanylacetylarylhydrazone derivatives (3) are described in this paper. The synthetic route used in this work to construct the heterocyclic six member ring explored a Lewis acid-catalyzed cyclization process as the key step, which represents a modified Friedel-Crafts reaction. These new derivatives (3) were obtained in ca. 85 % overall yields from the starting material safrole (4), an abundant natural product isolated from Sassafras oil. The NMR spectral analysis of these new derivatives indicated, at the C=N double bond level, the diastereomeric nature in a 70:30 ratio, where the major compound is the (E)-isomer. The results obtained from the pharmacological evaluation of (3) using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test and the acetic acid solution-induced constrictions in mouse test, indicated the pharmacophoric nature of the acylarylhydrazone moiety to the analgesic activity observed in this series.The role of the aryl substituents in the bioactivity seems to indicate that the presence of hydrophobic groups may improve the analgesic profile. These new isochromanylacetylarylhydrazone derivatives (3) represent a new class of non-addictive analgesic agents