Potencial forrageiro da Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu sob diferentes cargas animal e dosificacao com anti-helmitico em solo de cerrado.

bitstream/item/137570/1/PESQ-EM-ANDAMENTO-25.pdfCNPGC

Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu.

Características agronômicas. Exigências e respostas a corretivos e fertilizantes. Produção de matéria seca. Valor nutritivo. Estabelecimento. Produção de sementes. Pragas. Desempenho animal.bitstream/item/104682/1/Brachiaria-brizantha.pd

Geographic distribution, age pattern and sites of lesions in a cohort of buruli ulcer patients from the mapé basin of cameroon

Buruli ulcer (BU), a neglected tropical disease of the skin, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, occurs most frequently in children in West Africa. Risk factors for BU include proximity to slow flowing water, poor wound care and not wearing protective clothing. Man-made alterations of the environment have been suggested to lead to increased BU incidence. M. ulcerans DNA has been detected in the environment, water bugs and recently also in mosquitoes. Despite these findings, the mode of transmission of BU remains poorly understood and both transmission by insects or direct inoculation from contaminated environment have been suggested. Here, we investigated the BU epidemiology in the Mapé basin of Cameroon where the damming of the Mapé River since 1988 is believed to have increased the incidence of BU. Through a house-by-house survey in spring 2010, which also examined the local population for leprosy and yaws, and continued surveillance thereafter, we identified, till June 2012, altogether 88 RT-PCR positive cases of BU. We found that the age adjusted cumulative incidence of BU was highest in young teenagers and in individuals above the age of 50 and that very young children (>5) were underrepresented among cases. BU lesions clustered around the ankles and at the back of the elbows. This pattern neither matches any of the published mosquito biting site patterns, nor the published distribution of small skin injuries in children, where lesions on the knees are much more frequent. The option of multiple modes of transmission should thus be considered. Analyzing the geographic distribution of cases in the Mapé Dam area revealed a closer association with the Mbam River than with the artificial lake

Computational Study of Aero-acoustic Sources in Perforate Silencers

Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes and Large Eddy Simulations of two perforate plates at a overall pressure ratio of 1.45 have been performed to allow analysis of the sensitivity of acoustic noise sources to porosity. Two geometries are presented: A 23% porosity and a 40% porosity 1mm plate with 2mm diameter holes. Results presented in this paper show the initial jetlet and fully merged jet flow-field to be sensitive to the porosity and the presence of partial holes around the circumference of the plate. The increase in porosity reduces the available entrainment flow, and increases the local jetlet interaction and resultant turbulence levels. This interaction fundamentally changes the flow structure from coherent vortex rings (found at low porosity) to a helical structure. The 2nd and 4th order spatio- temporal correlation Rij and Rij,kl are presented as suggested validation data for acoustic source modeling together with far-field noise spectra obtained via a Ffowcs-Williams & Hawkings surface integral method

Evaluating the yaws diagnostic gap: A survey to determine the capacity of and barriers to improving diagnostics in all yaws-endemic countries

BACKGROUND: Yaws, caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue, is a skin neglected tropical disease. It is targeted for eradication by 2030, primarily using mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin. Traditionally, diagnosis of yaws has relied on clinical examination and serological testing. However, these approaches have poor diagnostic performance. To achieve eradication, more accurate diagnostics are required to determine whether MDA should be initiated or continued as well as for post-elimination surveillance. Molecular tools will be crucial for detecting antimicrobial resistant cases, which have the potential to derail eradication efforts. In order to determine the feasibility of introducing novel, more accurate, diagnostics for yaws surveillance purposes, it is necessary to understand current in-country diagnostic capacity. This study therefore aimed to understand the current capacity of, and challenges to, improving diagnostics for yaws in all yaws-endemic countries worldwide. METHODOLOGY/ PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: An online survey was sent to all 15 yaws-endemic countries in July 2021. The survey asked about past prevalence estimates, the availability of different diagnostic tools, and perceived barriers to enhancing capacity. Fourteen countries responded to the survey, four of which did not have a current National Policy for yaws eradication in place. Over 95% of reported that yaws cases from the past five years had not been confirmed with serological or molecular tools, largely due to the limited supply of rapid serological tests. Only four countries reported having operational laboratories for molecular yaws diagnosis, with only one of these having a validated assay to detect azithromycin resistance. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the diagnostic capacity constraints across all respondent countries. Countries are in need of access to a sustainable supply of serological tests, and development of molecular testing facilities. Sufficient sustainable funding should be made available to ensure that appropriate diagnostic tools are available and utilised