Relationship Between Oral Parafunctional/nutritive Sucking Habits And Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction In Primary Dentition

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nutritive and parafunctional habits and the presence of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) in children with primary dentition. Methods. Ninety nine children, aged 3-5 years, were examined to check for the presence or absence of signs and symptoms of TMD (headache, preauricular pain, earache, masticatory muscle tenderness, deviation on opening, occlusal interference and asymmetric movement of the mandible), oral parafunctions (bruxism, nail biting, finger/thumb sucking, speech alteration, mouth breathing, pacifier and atypical swallowing) and nutritive habits (breast- or bottle-feeding) through interview and clinical examination. The results were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and Fisher's exact test. Results. The results showed that only atypical swallowing was positively related to TMD (P < 0.0001); other oral parafunctional and nutritive habits were not related to TMD. Conclusions. It was concluded that parafunctional habits, with the exception of atypical swallowing, and feeding methods were not determinants for the presence of signs and/ or symptoms of TMD in the sample of children included in the study.1512936Ravn, J.J., Sucking habits and occlusion in 3-year-old children (1976) Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research, 84, pp. 204-209Nilner, M., Lassing, S., Prevalence of functional disturbances and diseases of the stomatognathic system in 7-14 years olds (1981) Swedish Dental Journal, 5, pp. 173-187Nilner, M., Relationships between oral parafunctions and functional disturbances and diseases of the stomatognathic system among children aged 7-14 years (1983) Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 41, pp. 167-172Bernal, M., Tsamtsouris, A., Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction in 3-5 year old children (1986) Journal of Pedodontics, 10, pp. 127-140Baer, P.N., Lester, M., The thumb, the pacifier, the erupting tooth and a beautiful smile (1987) Journal of Pedodontics, 11, pp. 113-119Widmalm, S.K., Christiansen, R.L., Gunn, S.M., Hawley, L.M., Prevalence of signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders and orofacial parafunction in 4-6-year-old African-American and Caucasian children (1995) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 22, pp. 87-93Bayardo, R.E., Mejia, J.J., Orozco, S., Montoya, K., Etiology of oral habits (1996) Journal of Dentistry for Children, 63, pp. 350-353Farsi, N.M.A., Salama, F.S., Sucking habits in Saudi children: Prevalence, contributing factors and effects on the primary dentition (1997) Pediatric Dentistry, 19, pp. 28-33Serra-Negra, J.M.C., Pordeus, I.A., Rocha Jr., J.F., Study of the relationship between infant feeding methods, oral habits, and malocclusion (1997) Revista de Odontologia Da Universidade de São Paulo, 11, pp. 79-86Nowak, A.J., Warren, J.J., Infant oral health and oral habits (2000) Pediatric Clinics of North America, 47, pp. 1043-1066Ehrlich, J., Hochman, N., Yaffe, A., Contribution of oral habits to dental disorders (1992) Journal of Craniomandibular Practice, 10, pp. 144-147Thilander, B., Rubio, G., Pena, L., De Mayorga, C., Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction and its association with malocclusion in children and adolescents: An epidemiologic study related to specified stages of dental development (2002) Angle Orthodontist, 72 (2), pp. 146-154Kritsineli, M., Shim, Y.S., Malocclusion, body posture, and temporomandibular disorder in children with primary and mixed dentition (1992) Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 16, pp. 86-93Morinushi, T., Ohno, H., Ohno, K., Oku, T., Ogura, T., Two year longitudinal study of the fluctuation of clinical signs of TMJ dysfunction in Japanese adolescents (1991) Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 15, pp. 232-240Okeson, J.P., Temporomandibular disorders in children (1989) Pediatric Dentistry, 11, pp. 325-329Sönmez, H., Sari, S., Oksak Oray, G., Camdeviren, H., Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction in Turkish children with mixed and permanent dentition (2001) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 28, pp. 280-285Bodner, L., Miller, V.J., Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in children: Evaluation of treatment (1998) International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 44, pp. 133-137Alamoudi, N., Correlation between oral parafunction and temporomandibular disorders and emotional status among Saudi children (2001) Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 26, pp. 71-80Vanderas, A.P., Prevalence of craniomandibular dysfunction in White children with different emotional states: Part III. A comparative study (1992) Journal of Dentistry for Children, 59, pp. 23-27Keeling, S.D., McGorray, S., Wheeler, T.T., King, G.J., Risk factors associated with TMJ sounds in children 6-12 years of age (1994) American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 105, pp. 279-287Padamsee, M., Ahlin, J.H., Ko, C.-M., Tsamtsouris, A., Functional disorders of the stomatognathic system: Part II - A review (1985) Journal of Pedodontics, 10, pp. 1-21Black, B., Kövesi, E., Chusid, I.J., Pernicious buccal habits (1990) Ortodontia, 23, pp. 40-44Ahlgren, J., EMG studies of lip and cheek activity in sucking habits (1995) Swedish Dental Journal, 19, pp. 95-101Widmalm, S.E., Christiansen, R.L., Gunn, S.M., Oral parafunctions as temporomandibular disorder risk factors in children (1995) Journal of Craniomandibular Practice, 13, pp. 242-246Widmalm, S.E., Gunn, S.M., Christiansen, R.L., Hawley, L.M., Association between CMD signs and symptoms, oral parafunction, race and sex in 4-6 year-old African, American and Caucasian children (1995) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 22, pp. 95-100Vanderas, A.P., Relationship between oral parafunctions and craniomandibular dysfunction in children and adolescents: A review (1994) Journal of Dentistry for Children, 61, pp. 378-381Vanderas, A.P., Relationship between craniomandibular dysfunction and oral parafunctions in Caucasian children with and without unpleasant life events (1995) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 22, pp. 289-294Ash, M.M., Current concepts in the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of TMJ and muscle dysfunction (1986) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 13, pp. 1-20Widmalm, S.E., Christiansen, R.L., Gunn, S.M., Crepitation and clicking as signs of TMD in preschool children (1999) Journal of Craniomandibular Practice, 17, pp. 58-63Bakke, M., Möller, E., Craniomandibular disorders and masticatory muscle function (1992) Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research, 100, pp. 32-38Padamsee, M., Tsamtsouris, A., Ahlin, J.H., Ko, C.-M., Functional disorders of the stomatognathic system: Part I - A review (1985) Journal of Pedodontics, 9, pp. 179-187Ahmad, R., Bruxism in children (1986) Journal of Pedodontics, 10, pp. 105-126Sari, S., Sonmez, H., Investigation of the relationship between oral parafunctions and temporomandibular joint dysfunction in Turkish children with mixed and permanent dentition (2002) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 29, pp. 108-112Bonjardim, L.R., Gavião, M.B., Carmagnani, F.G., Pereira, L.J., Castelo, P.M., Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in children with primary dentition (2003) Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 28 (1), pp. 53-58Egermark-Eriksson, I., Mandibular dysfunction in children and in individuals with dual bite (1982) Swedish Dental Journal, 10Fricton, J.R., Schiffman, E.L., The craniomandibular index: Validity (1987) Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 58 (2), pp. 222-228Akeel, R., Al Jasser, N., Temporomandibular disorders in Saudi females seeking orthodontic treatment (1999) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 26 (9), pp. 757-762Egermark, I., Carlson, G.E., Magnusson, T., A 20-year longitudinal study of subjective symptoms of temporomandibular disorders from childhood to adulthood (2001) Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 59 (1), pp. 40-48Guideline on acquired temporomandibular disorders in infants, children and adolescents (2002) Pediatric Dentistry, 24 (7 SUPPL.), pp. 43-122Gavish, A., Halachmi, M., Winocur, E., Gazit, E., Oral habits and their association with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in adolescents girls (2000) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 27, pp. 22-32Reding, G.R., Rubright, W.C., Zimmerman, S.O., Incidence of bruxism (1966) Journal of Dental Research, 45, pp. 1198-1204Lobbezoo, F., Soucy, J.P., Montplaisir, J.Y., Lavigne, G.J., Striatal D2 receptor binding in sleep bruxism: A controlled study with iodine-123-iodobenzamide and single-photon-emission computed tomography (1996) Journal of Dental Research, 75, pp. 1804-1810Clark, G.T., Beemsterboer, P.L., Rugh, J.D., Nocturnal masseter muscle activity and the symptom of masticatory dysfunction (1981) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 8, pp. 279-286Pierce, C.J., Gale, E.N., Methodological considerations concerning the use of Bruxcore Plates to evaluate nocturnal bruxism (1989) Journal of Dental Research, 68, pp. 1110-1114Johansson, A., Omar, R., Fareed, K., Haraldson, T., Kiliaridis, S., Carlsson, G.E., Comparison of the prevalence, severity and possible causes of occlusal tooth wear in two young adult populations (1993) Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 20, pp. 463-471Magnusson, T., Carlsson, G.E., Egermark, I., Changes in subjective symptoms of craniomandibular disorders in children and adolescents during a 10-year period (1993) Journal of Orofacial Pain, 7, pp. 76-82Rugh, J.D., Solberg, W.K., Electromyographic studies of bruxist behavior before and during treatment (1975) Journal of the California Dental Association, 3, pp. 56-59Bianchini, E.M.G., Temporomandibular disorders - Swallowing and speech production analysis (1999) Revista Dental Press de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial, 4, pp. 55-60Williamson, E.H., Hall, J.T., Zwemer, J.D., Swallowing patterns in human subjects with and without temporomandibular dysfunction (1990) American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 98, pp. 507-511Goldstein, L.B., Last, F.C., Salerno, V.M., Prevalence of hyperactive digastric muscles during swallowing as measured by electromyography in pacients with myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (1997) Functional Orthodontist, 14, pp. 18-22Inoue, N., Sakashita, R., Kamegai, T., Reduction of masseter muscle activity in bottle-fed babies (1995) Early Human Development, 42, pp. 185-193Legovic, M., Ostric, L., The effects of feeding methods on the growth of the jaws in infants (1991) Journal of Dentistry for Children, 58, pp. 253-255Bodin, C., Lodetti, G., Marinone, M.G., Temporo-mandibular joint kinetics and chewing cycles in children. A 3-year follow-up (2002) International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 12, pp. 33-3

Signs And Symptoms Of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction In Children With Primary Dentition

The presence of signs and symptoms of TMD in 99 children with primary dentition was evaluated through clinical exam and a questionnaire. The results showed that 34.34% presented signs and/or symptoms of TMD. Among the children with symptoms, 50% presented at least one sign or more, differing significantly from the ones without symptoms, and from those 21.6% presented sign (p=0.0185). The most prevalent symptom was frequent headache (7.07%) followed by jaw pain (4.04%), earache (3.03%) and difficulty in swallowing (3.03%). The most prevalent sign was jaw deviation (18.18%) followed by occlusal interferences (7.07%), asymmetric condylar movement (5.05%) and TMJ sounds (3.03%). We concluded that signs and symptoms of TMD are present in early ages, even though in a small number of children.2815358Abdel-Hakim, A.M., Alsalem, A., Khan, N., Stomatognathic dysfunctional symptoms in Saudi Arabian adolescents (1996) J Oral Rehabil, 23, pp. 655-661Agerberg, G., Sändstrom, R., Frequency of occlusal interferences: A clinical study in teenagers and young adults (1988) J Prosthet Dent, 59, pp. 212-217Akeel, R., Al Jasser, N., Temporomandibular disorders in Saudi females seeking orthodontic treatment (1999) J Oral Rehabil, 26, pp. 757-762Alamoudi, N., The correlation between occlusal characteristics and temoromandibular dysfunction in Saudi Arabian children (2000) J Clin Pediatr Dent, 24, pp. 229-236Alamoudi, N., Farsi, N., Salako, N., Fatieh, R., Temporomandibular disorders among school children (1998) J Clin Pediat Dent, 22, pp. 323-329Ash, C.M., Pinto, O.F., The TMJ and the middle ear: Structural and functional correlates for aural symptoms associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (1991) Int J Prosthodont, 4, pp. 51-57Barone, A., Sbordone, L., Ramaglia, L., Craniomandibular disorders and orthodontic treatment need in children (1997) J Oral Rehabil, 24, pp. 2-7Behrents, R.G., White, R.A., TMJ research: Responsibility and risk (1992) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 101, pp. 1-3Bernal, M.T., Tsamtsouris, A., Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction in 3 to 5 year old children (1986) J Pedod, 10, pp. 127-140Bodin, C., Lodetti, G., Marinone, M.G., Temporo-mandibular joint kinetics and chewing cycles in children. A 3-year follow-up (2002) Int J Paediatr Dent, 12, pp. 33-38Bodner, L., Miller, V.J., Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in children: Evaluation of treatment (1998) Int J Ped Otorhinolaryngol, 44, pp. 133-137Carlsson, G., De Boever, J., Epidemiology (1995) Temporomandibular Joint and Masticatory Muscle Disorders. 2nd Ed., pp. 159-160. , Carlsson G and Zarb G. Missouri, Mosby CoConti, P.C., Ferreira, P.M., Pegoraro, L.F., Conti, J.V., Salvador, M.C., A cross-sectional study of prevalence and etiology of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in high school and university students (1996) J Orofac Pain, 10, pp. 254-262De Boever, J.A., Carlsson, G.E., Klineberg, I.J., Need for occlusal therapy and prosthodontic treatment in the management of temporomandibular disorders. Part I. Occlusal interferences and occlusal adjustement (2000) J Oral Rehabil, 27, pp. 367-379Egermark-Eriksson, I., Mandibular dysfunction in children and in patients with dual bite (1982) Tandlakartidningen, 74, pp. 118-121Egermark-Eriksson, I., Carlsson, G.E., Ingervall, B., Prevalence of mandibular dysfunction and orofacial parafunction in 7-, 11- and 15-year-old Swedish children (1981) Eur J Orthod, 3, pp. 163-172Egermark-Eriksson, I., Carlsson, G.E., Magnusson, T., A long term epidemiologic study of the relationship between occlusal factors and mandibular dysfunction in children and adolescents (1987) J Dent Res, 66, pp. 67-71Egermark-Eriksson, I., Carlsson, G.E., Magnusson, T., Thilander, B.A., Longitudinal study on malocclusion in relation to signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders in children and adolescents (1990) Eur J Orthod, 12, pp. 339-347Egermark, I., Carlsson, G.E., Magnusson, T., A 20-year longitudinal study of subjective symptoms of temporomandibular disorders from childhood to adulthood (2001) Acta Odontol Scand, 59, pp. 40-48Egermark, I., Thilander, B., Craniomandibular disorders with special reference to orthodontic treatment: An evaluation from childhood to adulthood (1992) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 101, pp. 28-34Goldstein, L.B., Last, F.C., Salerno, V.M., Prevalence of hyperactive digastric muscles during swallowing as measured by electromyography in patients with myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (1997) Funct Orthod, 14, pp. 18-22Hardison, J.D., Okeson, J.P., Comparison of three clinical techniques for evaluating joint sounds (1990) Cranio, 8, pp. 307-311Hordijk, G.J., Temporomandibular disorders. The role of the otolaryngologist (1996) Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd, 103, pp. 273-274Ingervall, B., Mohlin, B., Thilander, B., Prevalence of symptoms of functional disturbances of the masticatory system in Swedish (1980) J Oral Rehabil, 7, pp. 185-197Keeling, S.D., McGorray, S., Wheeler, T.T., King, G.J., Risk factors associated with temporomandibular joint sounds in children 6 to 12 years of age (1994) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 105, pp. 279-287Keith, D.A., Development of the human temporomandibular joint (1982) Br J Oral Surg, 20, pp. 217-224Könönen, M., Nystrom, M., Kleemola-Kujala, E., Kataja, M., Evalahti, M., Lame, P., Peck, L., Signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders in a series of Finnish children (1987) Acta Finn Dent Scand, 45, pp. 109-114Kopp, S., Constancy of clinical signs in patients with mandibular dysftmction (1977) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 5, pp. 94-98Kritsineli, M., Shim, Y.S., Malocclusion, body posture, and temporomandibular disorder in children with primary and mixed dentition (1992) J Clin Pediatr Dent, 16, pp. 86-93Leresche, L., Epidemiology of temporomandibular disorders: Implications for the investigation of etiologic factors (1997) Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 8, pp. 291-305List, T., Wahiund, K., Wenneberg, B., Dworkin, S.F., TMD in children and adolescents: Prevalence of pain, gender differences, and perceived treatment need (1999) J Orofac Pain, 13, pp. 9-20Locker, D., Slade, G., Association of symptoms and signs of TM disorders in an adult population (1989) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 17, pp. 150-153Magnusson, T., Carlsson, G.E., Egermark-Eriksson, I., Changes in clinical signs of craniomandibular disorders from the age of 15 to 25 years (1994) J Orofac Pain, 8, pp. 207-215Miller, V.J., Bodner, L., Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in children (1997) Int J Ped Otorhinolaryngol, 38, pp. 215-225Mintz, S.S., Craniomandibular dysfunction in children and adolescents: A review (1993) J Craniomand, 11, pp. 224-231Mohlin, B., Pilley, J.R., Shaw, W.C., A survey of craniomandibular disorders in 1000 12-year-olds. Study design and baseline data in a follow-up study (1991) Eur J Orthod, 13, pp. 111-123Morinushi, T., Ohno, H., Ohno, K., Oku, I., Ogura, T., Two year longitudinal study of the fluctuation of clinical signs of TMJ dysfunction in Japanese adolescents (1991) J Clin Pediat Dent, 15, pp. 232-240Nilner, M., Functional disturbances and diseases of the stomatognathic system. A cross-sectional study (1986) J Pedod, 10, pp. 211-238Nilner, M., Lassing, S., Prevalence of functional disturbances and diseases of stomatognathic system in 7-14 years old (1978) Swed Dent J, 5, pp. 173-187Okeson, J.P., Temporomandibular disorders in children (1989) Pediatr Dent, 11, pp. 325-329Padamsee, M., Ahlin, J.H., Ko, C.M., Tsamtsouris, A., Functional disorders of the stomatognathic system: Part II. A review (1985) J Pedod, 10, pp. 1-21Pahkala, R.H., Laine-Alava, M.T., Changes in TMD signs and in mandibular movements from 10 to 15 years of age in relation to articulatory speech disorders (2000) Acta Odontol Scand, 58, pp. 272-278Riolo, M.L., Brandt, D., Tenhave, T.R., Association between occlusal characteristics and signs and symptoms of TMJ dysfunction in children and young adults (1987) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 92, pp. 467-477Shiau, Y.Y., Chang, C., An epidemiological study of temporomandibular disorders in university students of Taiwan (1992) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 20, pp. 43-47Smith, B.H., Penny, K.I., Purves, A.M., Munro, C., Wilson, B., Grimshaw, J., Chambers, W.A., Smith, W.C., The chronic pain questionnaire: Validation and reability in postal research (1997) Pain, 71, pp. 141-147Sonniez, H., Sari, S., Oksak Oray, G., Camdeviren, H., Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction in Turkish children with mixed and permanent dentition (2001) J Oral Rehabil, 28, pp. 280-285Thilander, B., Rubio, G., Pena, L., De Mayorga, C., Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction and its association with malocclusion in children and adolescents: An epidemiologic study related to specified stages of dental development (2002) Angle Orthod, 72, pp. 146-154Vanderas, A.P., Mandibular movements and their relationship to age and body height in children with or without clinical signs of craniomandibular dysfunction: Part IV. 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Ultrasonography And Electromyography Of Masticatory Muscles In A Group Of Adolescents With Signs And Symptoms Of Tmd

The thickness and electrical activity of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were compared in adolescents with and without signs and symptoms of TMD. Forty individuals were selected using the Crania Mandibular Index and a questionnaire. There was no significant correlation between thickness and activity (p>0.05). However, there were correlations between thickness and weight and height (p<0.05). The effect of signs and symptoms on muscle thickness and activity was weak, considering the low CMI scores found.304314319Sonnesen, L., Bakke, M., Solow, B., Temporomandibular disorders in relation to craniofacial dimensions, head posture and bite force in children selected for orthodontic treatment (2001) Eur J Orthod, 23, pp. 179-192Yemm, R., A neurophysiological approach to the pathology and aetiology of temporomandibular dysfunction (1985) J Oral Rehabil, 12, pp. 343-353Ash, M.M., Current concepts in the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of TMJ and muscle dysfunction (1986) J Oral Rehabil, 13, pp. 1-20Wilkinson, T.M., The relationship between the disk and the lateral pterygoid muscle in the human temporomandibular joint (1988) J Prosthet Dent, 60, pp. 715-724Rauhala, K., Oikarinen, K.S., Raustia, A.M., Role of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in facial pain: Occlusion, muscle and TMJ pain (1999) Cranio, 17, pp. 254-261Manfredini, D., Landi, N., Romagnoli, M., Cantini, E., Bosco, M., Etiopathogenesis of parafunctional habits of the stomatognathic system (2003) Minerva Stomatol, 52, pp. 339-345Huang, H.K., Aberle, D.R., Lufkin, R., Grant, E.G., Hanafee, W.N., Kangarloo, H., Advances in medical imaging (1990) Ann Intern Med, 112, pp. 203-220Ariji, Y., Sakuma, S., Izumi, M., Sasaki, J., Kurita, K., Ogi, N., Ultrasonographic features of the masseter muscle in female patients with temporomandibular disorder associated with myofascial pain (2004) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 98, pp. 337-341Bakke, M., Tuxen, A., Vilmann, P., Jensen, B.R., Vilmann, A., Toft, M., Ultrasound image of human masseter muscle related to bite force, electromyography, facial morphology, and occlusal factors (1992) Scand J Dent Res, 100, pp. 164-171Emshoff, R., Bertram, S., The ultrasonic value of local muscle hypertrophy in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (1995) J Prosthet Dent, 73, pp. 373-376Prabhu, N.T., Munshi, A.K., Measurement of masseter and temporalis muscle thickness using Ultrasonographic technique (1994) J Clin Pediatr Dent, 19, pp. 41-44Hagberg, C., Hagberg, M., Surface EMG frequency dependence on force in the masseter and the anterior temporal muscles (1988) Scand J Dent Res, 96, pp. 451-456Ferrario, V.F., Sforza, C., Zanotti, G., Tartaglia, G.M., Maximal bite forces in healthy young adults as predicted by surface electromyography (2004) J Dent, 32, pp. 451-457Rasheed, S.A., Prabhu, N.T., Munshi, A.K., Electromyographic and ultra sonographic observations of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles in children (1996) J Clin Pediatr Dent, 20, pp. 127-132Fricton, J.R., Schiffman, E.L., Reliability of a craniomandibular index (1986) J Dent Res, 65, pp. 1359-1364Fricton, J.R., Schiffman, E.L., The craniomandibular index: Validity (1987) J Prosthet Dent, 58, pp. 222-228Riolo, M.L., Brandt, D., Tenhave, T.R., Associations between occlusal characteristics and signs and symptoms of TMJ dysfunction in children and young adults (1987) Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 92, pp. 467-477Emshoff, R., Bertram, S., Brandlmaier, I., Scheiderbauer, G., Rudisch, A., Bodner, G., Ultrasonographic assessment of local cross-sectional dimensions of masseter muscle sites: A reproducible technique? 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Efeitos da Amonizacao sobre o Valor Nutritivo do Feno de Capim-Braquiaria.

O estudo foi realizado na UNESP/Jaboticabal com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da amonizacao e da suplementacao energetica ou proteica sobre o valor nutritivo do feno de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. Os niveis de amonia anidra estudados foram 0,0 e 3,0% da materia seca (% MS), formulando-se racoes isoproteicas (12% de PB): T1 = feno + far. de algodao; T2 = feno tratado (3,0% de NH3); T3 = feno tratado (3,0% de NH3) + milho; T4 = feno + far. de algodao + milho, e fornecidas para ovinos em crescimento. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade obtidos foram: para MS (54,9; 55,5; 54,5 e 56,12%), para FDN (51,36; 60,20; 55,30 e 48,35%), para FDA (47,36; 58,66; 56,03 e 47,07%), para hemicelulose (58,80; 63,32; 56,00 e 49,70%), para celulose (55,58; 71,80; 68,07 e 58,21%), para lignina (10,10; 32,18; 31,74 e 0,72%), para PB (64,60; 59,36; 56,16 e 70,15%), respectivamente para T1, T2, T3 e T4; o balanco de N, para os respectivos tratamentos foi 5,69; 3,88; 3,90 e 8,82 g N/dia. Concluiu-se que a amonizacao foi equivalente a adicao da fonte proteica vegetal na utilizacao das racoes. Ademais, esse tratamento teve um grande efeito no aumento de digestibilidade da fibra, em especial FDA e celulose.Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T12:14:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pab15dez93.pdf: 249737 bytes, checksum: e473b4663d3da5ecf383155c0c3316ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-08-22199