10 research outputs found
AlteraçÔes nos parùmetros hematológicos de Gallus gallus domesticus experimentalmente infectados por Borrelia anserina
Haemaphysalis juxtakochi Cooley, 1946 (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitando Mazama nana (Hensel, 1872) (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul Haemaphysalis juxtakochi Cooley, 1946 (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitizing Mazama nana (Hensel, 1872) (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) in the State of Rio Grande do Sul
O encontro de Haemaphysalis juxtakochi Cooley, um carrapato ixodĂdeo, no veado bororĂł-do-sul, Mazama nana (Hensel), representa novo relato de ocorrĂȘncia, apĂłs 34 anos de seu registro no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os exemplares de carrapatos (3 machos e 1 fĂȘmea) foram encontrados em Cachoeira do Sul, RS (30Âș02’21"S, 52Âș53’38"W). O local estĂĄ a 72 m acima do nĂvel do mar, com uma mĂ©dia anual de temperatura de 18,8°C, e uma precipitação mĂ©dia anual de 1.438 mm. Este Ă© o primeiro registro de H. juxtakochi nesta espĂ©cie de cervĂdeo e um segundo relato de ocorrĂȘncia para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.<br>The record of Haemaphysalis juxtakochi Cooley, an ixodid tick, on the brocket deer, Mazama nana (Hensel), represents a new report after 34 years of its last report in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The tick specimens (three males and one female) were found in Cachoeira do Sul, RS (30Âș02’21"S, 52Âș53’38"W). This place is elevated 72 m sea above, with an annual average temperature of 18.8°C, and annual average rainfall of 1.438 mm. This is the first record of this tick species in a Cervidae and it is the second occurrence report for the State of Rio Grande do Sul
Rifaximin for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea
Rifaximin is a nonabsorbable rifamycin derivative with an excellent safety profile and a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against a variety of enteropathogens causing acute infectious diarrhea. After oral ingestion, its bioavailability is known to be less than 0.4%, and it has a low potential for significant drug interactions. In the treatment of travelersâ diarrhea caused by noninvasive diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, it has been demonstrated that rifaximin significantly shortens the duration of diarrhea and has an efficacy similar to that of ciprofloxacin. Moreover, according to two randomized placebo-controlled trials, prophylactic treatment with rifaximin reduced the risk of developing travelersâ diarrhea by more than 50% compared with the placebo group. For the treatment of acute diarrhea unrelated to travel, a short course of rifaximin significantly reduced the duration of diarrhea, and its overall efficacy was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin. The discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivoantimicrobial activities of rifaximin, however, and the clinical implication of the rapid appearance of bacterial resistance, must be further elucidated. In conclusion, this gut-selective antibiotic seems to be a promising option for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea secondary to noninvasive E. coli and also appears to be effective in chemoprophylaxis for travelersâ diarrhea
AlteraçÔes bioquĂmicas, anatĂŽmicas e histopatolĂłgicas em fĂgado de Gallus gallus Linnaeus, 1758 experimentalmente infectados por Borrelia anserina Sakharoff, 1891
Astrocytic and microglial response and histopathological changes in the brain of horses with experimental chronic Trypanosoma evansi infection Resposta astrocĂtica e microglial e alteraçÔes histopatolĂłgicas no sistema nervoso central de eqĂŒinos infectados cronicamente com Trypanosoma evansi
This study aimed to characterize astrocytic and microglial response in the central nervous system (CNS) of equines experimentally infected with T. evansi. The experimental group comprised males and females with various degrees of crossbreeding, ages between four and seven years. The animals were inoculated intravenously with 10(6) trypomastigotes of T. evansi originally isolated from a naturally infected dog. All equines inoculated with T. evansi were observed until they presented symptoms of CNS disturbance, characterized by motor incoordination of the pelvic limbs, which occurred 67 days after inoculation (DAI) and 124 DAI. The animals in the control group did not present any clinical symptom and were observed up to the 125th DAI. For this purpose the HE histochemical stain and the avidin biotin peroxidase method was used. Lesions in the CNS of experimentally infected horses were those of a wide spread non suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis.The severity of lesions varied in different parts of the nervous system, reflecting an irregular distribution of inflammatory vascular changes. The infiltration of mononuclear cells was associated with anisomorphic gliosis and reactive microglia was identified. The intensity of the astrocytic response in the CNS of the equines infected by T. evansi characterizes the importance of the performance of these cells in this trypanosomiasis. The characteristic gliosis observed in the animals in this experiment suggests the ability of these cells as mediators of immune response. The parasite, T. evansi, was not identified in the nervous tissues.<br>Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a participação astrocĂtica e microglial no sistema nervoso central (SNC) de eqĂŒinos experimentalmente infectados com T. evansi. O grupo experimental foi formado por machos e fĂȘmeas com vĂĄrios graus de cruzamentos e idade variando entre quatro e sete anos. Os animais foram inoculados com 10(6) tripomastigotas de T. evansi, originalmente isolada de um cĂŁo infectado naturalmente. Todos os eqĂŒinos inoculados foram observados atĂ© o aparecimento dos sintomas neurolĂłgicos, caracterizados por incoordenação motora dos membros pĂ©lvicos, o qual ocorreu entre 67 e 124 dias apĂłs a inoculação (DPI). Os animais do grupo controle nĂŁo apresentaram sinais clĂnicos e foram observados atĂ© o 125Âș DPI. Para este propĂłsito, foram utilizados os mĂ©todos histoquĂmicos (HE) e imunoistoquĂmicos do complexo avidina-biotina peroxidase (ABC). A lesĂŁo no sistema nervoso central (SNC) dos eqĂŒinos infectados com T. evansi foi caracterizada como meningoencefalomielite nĂŁo supurativa. A gravidade das lesĂ”es variou em diferentes segmentos do SNC, refletindo distribuição irregular das alteraçÔes vasculares. Infiltrado perivascular e menĂngeo foi associado a gliose anisomĂłrfica e microgliose reativa. A intensidade da resposta astrocĂtica no SNC dos equinos infectados com T. evansi caracteriza a importĂąncia da performance destas cĂ©lulas nas tripanossomĂases. A gliose observada nos animais deste experimento sugerem a habilidade destas cĂ©lulas como mediadoras da resposta imune. T. evansi nĂŁo foi identificado no parĂȘnquima do SNC