Research on Long-Term Care Homes for Older People in Brazil: Protocol for Scoping Review

LOTUS CONSORTIUM - Improving care in Long-term Care Institutions in Brazil and Europe through Collaboration and ResearchBackground The fast growth of the ageing population in low and middle-income countries, such as Brazil, has allowed little time for social and health care systems to adapt. As the care needs for the most vulnerable and frail older people become increasingly complex, services and governments need to ensure that long term care homes deliver high-quality and evidence-based care to meet their healthcare needs. Aim To examine and map the range of research undertaken in Brazil regarding care homes published in peer reviewed journals. Method This scoping review will consider all relevant peer-reviewed primary studies fully or partly conducted in Brazilian care homes including those which consider workforce (for example, e.g. healthcare professionals, care staff, and management level staff) and care home residents (older people aged 60 years and above), using empirical and original research focused on any health related topic. The searches will be conducted using bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS and Google Scholar) and manual searching of the reference lists of relevant studies published in English, Portuguese or Spanish from inception up to 2018. Two authors will independently screen each document by title and abstract against the eligibility criteria. In case of disagreement, a third reviewer will be consulted. Data from the included studies will be extracted and reported using tables, graphs, and narrative accounts using elements of content analysis. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool will be used to appraise the methodological quality of the included studies

Circular polarization memory in polydisperse scattering media

We investigate the survival of circularly polarized light in random scattering media. The surprising persistence of this form of polarization has a known dependence on the size and refractive index of scattering particles, however a general description regarding polydisperse media is lacking. Through analysis of Mie theory, we present a means of calculating the magnitude of circular polarization memory in complex media, with total generality in the distribution of particle sizes and refractive indices. Quantification of this memory effect enables an alternate pathway toward recovering particle size distribution, based on measurements of diffusing circularly polarized light

Métodos analíticos desenvolvidos para o monitoramento da doença citrus greening em laranja doce: imagens de fluorescência e espectroscopia de emissão óptica com plasma induzido por laser (LIBS).

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Estimation of genetic parameters in Pinus tecunumanii.

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Métodos analíticos desenvolvidos para o monitoramento da doença citrus greening em laranja doce: imagens de fluorescência e espectroscopia de emissão óptica com plasma induzido por laser (LIBS).

Parte I: Espectroscopia de Emissão Ótica com Plasma Induzido por Laser (LIBS).; Parte II: Imagens de Fluorescência Molecular.bitstream/item/58460/1/BPD35-2012-1.pd

Diffusing-wave spectroscopy of nonergodic media

We introduce an elegant method which allows the application of diffusing-wave spectroscopy (DWS) to nonergodic, solid-like samples. The method is based on the idea that light transmitted through a sandwich of two turbid cells can be considered ergodic even though only the second cell is ergodic. If absorption and/or leakage of light take place at the interface between the cells, we establish a so-called "multiplication rule", which relates the intensity autocorrelation function of light transmitted through the double-cell sandwich to the autocorrelation functions of individual cells by a simple multiplication. To test the proposed method, we perform a series of DWS experiments using colloidal gels as model nonergodic media. Our experimental data are consistent with the theoretical predictions, allowing quantitative characterization of nonergodic media and demonstrating the validity of the proposed technique.Comment: RevTeX, 12 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Methane emissions, performance and carcass characteristics of different lines of beef steers reared on pasture and finished in feedlot.

The present study aimed to investigate whether different lines of a composite breed (5/8 Charolais × 3/8 Zebu), formed at different times, and genetically improved, would result in differences in animal performance, enteric methane emissions, and carcass traits. Forty?six Canchim steers (15 months, 280 ± 33 kg liveweight) from three different lines were used: old, new, and their cross. These three breed lines were considered the treatments (arranged in four randomized blocks based on initial liveweight) and were evaluated under grazing and feedlot conditions in relation to the performance and emission of enteric methane. During the grazing period, the new line was found to be superior to the old only in relation to the average daily liveweight gain (0.692 vs. 0.547 kg/day), and with no differences in relation to the cross line (0.692 vs. 0.620). In the feedlot finishing phase, only the average daily liveweight gain was significantly higher in the new line compared to the cross and old line (1.44 vs. 1.32 and 1.23 kg/day). The new and cross lines demonstrated higher dry matter intake when compared to the old line (10.25 and 10.42 vs. 9.11 kg/day), with the crossline Animals 2020, 10, 303 2 of 15 animals demonstrating the best feed conversion. The new line showed higher enteric methane emissions compared to the old line (178 vs. 156 g/day). The line had an effect on the carcass dressing of the animals, with greater fat thickness in carcasses from the new and cross lines than the old line (4.4 and 3.8 vs. 3.2 mm). Canchim cattle selected for improved productive performance characteristics does not guarantee animals with lower methane emissions under grazing conditions; while in feedlots, can lead to increased daily feed consumption, and hence, to higher emissions of methane

Teores de C e N nas frações leve livre da matéria orgânica do solo sob diferentes sistemas de pastagens e mata no Cerrado.

O cerrado brasileiro é considerado uma fronteira agrícola, onde aproximadamente 50 Mha são cultivados por pastagens, principalmente as do gênero Brachiaria. A maior parte dessas áreas encontra-se em estado de degradação, devido ao inadequado uso e manejo do solo. Dentre as frações da MOS, a fração leve livre (FLL) é a mais sensível ao manejo adotado, destacando-se como importante indicador da qualidade do solo. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os teores de C e N nas FLL da MOS, sob diferentes sistemas de manejo de pastagens (produtiva e degradada) e de mata nativa, no cerrado. Foram abertas trincheiras e coletadas amostras de terra até 20 cm de profundidade, nos municípios de Chapadão do Sul (MS) e Penápolis (SP). Nas amostras de Terra fina seca ao ar (TFSA) foi realizado o fracionamento físico da MOS e, as frações obtidas foram finamente moídas e analisadas quanto aos teores de C e N. Ao comparar os diferentes sistemas de manejo das pastagens, não foi observado diferença estatística nos teores de C e N nas FLL da MOS nos dois sítios avaliados. Ao comparar a cobertura vegetal, observou-se que as áreas sob pastagens apresentaram menores conteúdos de C e N no sítio de Chapadão do Sul