Rare Semileptonic Decays of Heavy Mesons with Flavor SU(3) Symmetry

In this paper, we calculate the decay rates of $D^+ \to D^0 e^+ \nu$, $D^+_S \to D^0 e^+ \nu$, $B^0_S \to B^+ e^- \bar{\nu}$, $D^+_S \to D^+ e^- e^+$ and $B^0_S \to B^0 e^-e^+$ semileptonic decay processes, in which only the light quarks decay, while the heavy flavors remain unchanged. The branching ratios of these decay processes are calculated with the flavor SU(3) symmetry. The uncertainties are estimated by considering the SU(3) breaking effect. We find that the decay rates are very tiny in the framework of the Standard Model. We also estimate the sensitivities of the measurements of these rare decays at the future experiments, such as BES-III, super-$B$ and LHC-$b$.Comment: 4 pages and 1 figure, accepted by European Physical Journal

A one-dimensional cadmium(II) complex supported by a sulfur–nitro­gen mixed-donor ligand

In the title compound, catena-poly[cadmium(II)-bis­(μ-5-am­ino-1,3,4-thia­diazole-2-thiol­ato)-κ2 N 3:S 2;κ2 S 2:N 3], [Cd(C2H2N3S2)2]n, the CdII ion is coordinated by two N atoms of the 1,3,4-thia­diazole rings from two ligands and two S atoms of sulfhydryl from two other ligands in a slightly distorted tetra­hedral geometry. The ligands bridge CdII ions, forming one-dimensional chains along [001], which are connected by N—H⋯N and N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network

What are the current and projected future cost and health-related quality of life implications of scaling up cognitive stimulation therapy?

Objectives: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is one of the few non-pharmacological interventions for people living with dementia shown to be effective and cost-effective. What are the current and future cost and health-related quality of life implications of scaling-up CST to eligible new cases of dementia in England? Methods/design: Data from trials were combined with microsimulation and macrosimulation modelling to project future prevalence, needs and costs. Health and social costs, unpaid care costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were compared with and without scaling-up of CST and follow-on maintenance CST (MCST). Results: Scaling-up group CST requires year-on-year increases in expenditure (mainly on staff), but these would be partially offset by reductions in health and care costs. Unpaid care costs would increase. Scaling-up MCST would also require additional expenditure, but without generating savings elsewhere. There would be improvements in general cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life, summarised in terms of QALY gains. Cost per QALY for CST alone would increase from £12,596 in 2015 to £19,573 by 2040, which is below the threshold for cost-effectiveness used by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Cost per QALY for CST and MCST combined would grow from £19,883 in 2015 to £30,906 by 2040, making it less likely to be recommended by NICE on cost-effectiveness grounds. Conclusions: Scaling-up CST England for people with incident dementia can improve lives in an affordable, cost-effective manner. Adding MCST also improves health-related quality of life, but the economic evidence is less compelling

Food web and fisheries in the future Baltic Sea

We developed numerical simulations of potential future ecological states of the Baltic Sea ecosystem at the end of century under five scenarios. We used a spatial food web (Ecospace) model, forced by a physical-biogeochemical model. The scenarios are built on consistent storylines that describe plausible developments of climatic and socioeconomic factors in the Baltic Sea region. Modelled species diversity and fish catches are driven by climate- and nutrient load-related changes in habitat quality and by fisheries management strategies. Our results suggest that a scenario including low greenhouse gas concentrations and nutrient pollution and ecologically focused fisheries management results in high biodiversity and catch value. On the other hand, scenarios envisioning increasing societal inequality or economic growth based on fossil fuels, high greenhouse gas emissions and high nutrient loads result in decreased habitat quality and diminished biodiversity. Under the latter scenarios catches are high but they predominantly consist of lower-valued fish.Peer reviewe

Two band gap field-dependent thermal conductivity of MgB2MgB_2

The thermal conductivity $\kappa (H,T)$ of the new superconductor $MgB_2$ was studied as a function of the temperature and a magnetic field. No anomaly in the thermal conductivity $\kappa (H,T)$ is observed around the superconducting transition in absence or presence of magnetic fields up to 14 Tesla; upon that field the superconductivity of $MgB_2$ persisted. The thermal conductivity in zero-field shows a $T$-linear increase up to 50K. The thermal conductivity is found to increase with increasing field at high fields. We interpret the findings as if there are two subsystems of quasiparticles with different field-dependent characters in a two ($L$ and $S$)-band superconductor reacting differently with the vortex structure. The unusual enhancement of $\kappa (H ,T)$ at low temperature but higher than a ($H_{c2S}\simeq 3T$) critical field is interpreted as a result of the overlap of the low energy states outside the vortex cores in the $S$-band.Comment: 6 pages,3 figure