« Répétitions, variations »

Entrer, au propre et par définition, signifie entrer de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur. Il s’agit du franchissement d’une frontière qui sépare deux espaces distincts ; un seuil. Dans son recueil de poèmes De seuil en seuil, Paul Celan crée des variations incessantes autour de ces passages qu’il envisage comme des créateurs de métamorphoses sensibles. Lorsque le dernier seuil semble avoir été franchi, demeure encore celui de l’œil de l’autre : « par deux nagent les morts, / par deux baignés de v..

Nouvelle approche de la fiabilité opérationnelle

La thèse s'est effectuée dans le cadre d'une convention CIFRE entre l'Université Bordeaux I et l'entreprise Thales Avionics. Elle constitue une analyse originale de la fiabilité de matériels complexes, dans une perspective de maîtrise et d'amélioration de la fiabilité. La thèse comporte deux parties disjointes qui trouvent leur justification dans les problématiques rencontrées par l'industriel : - La première partie porte sur l'analyse des agrégats d'évènements indésirables (séries d'accidents, séries noires,...). Elle fait appel aux statistiques de balayage pour évaluer la probabilité d'occurrence d'un agrégat d'accidents. Une approche par simulation de Monte Carlo, puis un Réseau de Petri supportée par simulation de Monte Carlo, sont proposés. Plusieurs approches markoviennes sont ensuite développées. - La seconde partie porte sur l'analyse du retour d'expérience dans le cas où les informations disponibles sont uniquement les nombres de produits livrés et de défaillances constatées par unité de temps. Une méthodologie innovante, permettant d'obtenir la loi de fiabilité d'un matériel en fonction du flux de production et du flux de pannes observés, est exposée.The thesis went within the scope of an agreement between the University Bordeaux I and the Thales Avionics company. It constitutes an original analysis of the reliability of complex materials equipments, with the prospect of control and improvement. The thesis consists of two separate parts connected to the problems met by the manufacturer: - The first part deals with the analysis of "clusters" of undesirable events (chain of disasters, series of failures,...). It appeals to the scan statistics in order to estimate the probability of occurrence of a cluster of events. A Monte Carlo simulation implemented in a dedicated algorithm, then a Monte Carlo simulation supported by a Petri net model, are proposed. Several markovian approaches are then developed. - The second part deals with the analysis of feedback in a non common context when the only information available is the number of equipments which are delivered during each period and the number of those which are removed during each period. An innovative approach, allowing to obtain the intrinsic failure rate of the materials under study according to the production flow and the removal flow, is explained

Nouvelle approche de la fiabilité opérationnelle

La thèse s'est effectuée dans le cadre d'une convention CIFRE entre l'Université Bordeaux I et l'entreprise Thales Avionics. Elle constitue une analyse originale de la fiabilité de matériels complexes, dans une perspective de maîtrise et d'amélioration de la fiabilité. La thèse comporte deux parties disjointes qui trouvent leur justification dans les problématiques rencontrées par l'industriel : - La première partie porte sur l'analyse des agrégats d'évènements indésirables (séries d'accidents, séries noires,...). Elle fait appel aux statistiques de balayage pour évaluer la probabilité d'occurrence d'un agrégat d'accidents. Une approche par simulation de Monte Carlo, puis un Réseau de Petri supportée par simulation de Monte Carlo, sont proposés. Plusieurs approches markoviennes sont ensuite développées. - La seconde partie porte sur l'analyse du retour d'expérience dans le cas où les informations disponibles sont uniquement les nombres de produits livrés et de défaillances constatées par unité de temps. Une méthodologie innovante, permettant d'obtenir la loi de fiabilité d'un matériel en fonction du flux de production et du flux de pannes observés, est exposée.The thesis went within the scope of an agreement between the University Bordeaux I and the Thales Avionics company. It constitutes an original analysis of the reliability of complex materials equipments, with the prospect of control and improvement. The thesis consists of two separate parts connected to the problems met by the manufacturer: - The first part deals with the analysis of "clusters" of undesirable events (chain of disasters, series of failures,...). It appeals to the scan statistics in order to estimate the probability of occurrence of a cluster of events. A Monte Carlo simulation implemented in a dedicated algorithm, then a Monte Carlo simulation supported by a Petri net model, are proposed. Several markovian approaches are then developed. - The second part deals with the analysis of feedback in a non common context when the only information available is the number of equipments which are delivered during each period and the number of those which are removed during each period. An innovative approach, allowing to obtain the intrinsic failure rate of the materials under study according to the production flow and the removal flow, is explained

Brand matters: an examination of small-to-medium sized enterprises

While an impressive body of literature has emerged focusing on the critical activities involved in brand management for larger organizations, no research has been undertaken to examine branding within small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The present study therefore examines the nature and scope of brand management within an SME context. Findings show significant differences between small and large organizations along nine of the ten brand management dimensions reported in Keller’s (2000) brand report card. Moreover, different brand management practices are associated with business performance in SMEs. Implications of the study are highlighted, limitations noted and directions for future research outlined

Extraction of Lanthanides(III) by a Mixture of a Malonamide and a Dialkyl Phosphoric Acid

International audienceSeveral hydrometallurgical processes studied in France for lanthanide/minor actinide separation use a combination of DMDOHEMA and HDEHP as extractants. Although these processes have proved to be reliable, the modeling of their extraction properties remains a difficult task due to a lack of knowledge about the behavior of the mixed DMDOHEMA-HDEHP organic phase. In the present work, it was found that the solvent extraction of Ln(III) ions by a mixture of these extractants exhibits a complex behavior involving a synergistic effect at either 1 M HNO3 or high metal concentration, and an antagonistic effect on extraction of metal traces at higher pH (> 2). To understand these effects, Ln(III) complexes formed after extraction by DMDOHEMA and/or HDEHP were characterized by several spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, UV-Vis, ESI-MS, TRLIFS). Results suggested formation of DMDOHEMA-HDEHP adducts and ternary mixed complexes involving both extractants and possibly a nitrate ion

Nouvelle approche de la fiabilité opérationnelle

La thèse s'est effectuée dans le cadre d'une convention CIFRE entre l'Université Bordeaux I et l'entreprise Thales Avionics. Elle constitue une analyse originale de la fiabilité de matériels complexes, dans une perspective de maîtrise et d'amélioration de la fiabilité. La thèse comporte deux parties disjointes qui trouvent leur justification dans les problématiques rencontrées par l'industriel : - La première partie porte sur l'analyse des agrégats d'évènements indésirables (séries d'accidents, séries noires,...). Elle fait appel aux statistiques de balayage pour évaluer la probabilité d'occurrence d'un agrégat d'accidents. Une approche par simulation de Monte Carlo, puis un Réseau de Petri supportée par simulation de Monte Carlo, sont proposés. Plusieurs approches markoviennes sont ensuite développées. - La seconde partie porte sur l'analyse du retour d'expérience dans le cas où les informations disponibles sont uniquement les nombres de produits livrés et de défaillances constatées par unité de temps. Une méthodologie innovante, permettant d'obtenir la loi de fiabilité d'un matériel en fonction du flux de production et du flux de pannes observés, est exposée.The thesis went within the scope of an agreement between the University Bordeaux I and the Thales Avionics company. It constitutes an original analysis of the reliability of complex materials equipments, with the prospect of control and improvement. The thesis consists of two separate parts connected to the problems met by the manufacturer: - The first part deals with the analysis of "clusters" of undesirable events (chain of disasters, series of failures,...). It appeals to the scan statistics in order to estimate the probability of occurrence of a cluster of events. A Monte Carlo simulation implemented in a dedicated algorithm, then a Monte Carlo simulation supported by a Petri net model, are proposed. Several markovian approaches are then developed. - The second part deals with the analysis of feedback in a non common context when the only information available is the number of equipments which are delivered during each period and the number of those which are removed during each period. An innovative approach, allowing to obtain the intrinsic failure rate of the materials under study according to the production flow and the removal flow, is explained.BORDEAUX1-Bib.electronique (335229901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Brand management in small to medium-sized enterprises

Although an impressive body of literature has emerged focusing on the critical activities involved in brand management for larger organizations with well-established brands and substantial marketing budgets, no research has been undertaken to examine branding within small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The present study therefore seeks to assess the nature and scope of brand management within an SME context. Findings show significant differences between small and large organizations along 9 of the 10 brand management dimensions reported in Keller\u27s brand report card. Moreover, different brand management practices are associated with business performance in SMEs. Implications of the study are highlighted, limitations noted, and directions for future research outlined

A therapeutic education programme for diabetic children : recreational, creative methods, and use of puppets

Patient education is an important aspect of care to young diabetic children. The use of playthings and recreational activities is an effective way to help children develop harmoniously by integrating the paradox of having to become compliant with treatment and medication while becoming autonomous in life. This paper presents the evaluation of a therapeutic education programme which was attended by 14 young diabetic patients aged 10-12. In order to take into account the learning capacities and strategies linked to the children's age and development stage, the programme's methods were mainly interactive and recreational. In particular, puppets were used as a means to enable the children to express themselves on different aspects of diabetes-related difficulties in their everyday life. The results of the study show that recreational methods and tools can effectively be implemented into therapeutic patient education programmes so as to enable children to develop various treatment-related skills. As far as the psychosocial skill of expressing one's difficulties and emotions is concerned, the use of puppets was found to be an effective means to facilitate the development of such a skill. Moreover, puppets were found to have a projective and transactional function that allowed children to make decisions and react autonomously, and thus regain control on situations in which they had previously felt disempowered

Bonding and Magnetic Trends in the [AnIII(DPA)3]3– Series Compared to the Ln(III) and An(IV) Analogues

The crystal field parameters are determined from first-principles calculations in the [AnIII(DPA)3]3– series, completing previous work on the [LnIII(DPA)3]3– and [AnIV(DPA)3]2– series. The crystal field strength parameter follows the Ln(III) < An(III) < An(IV) trend. The parameters deduced at the orbital level decrease along the series, while J-mixing strongly impacts the many-electron parameters, especially for the Pu(III) complex. We further compile the available data for the three series. In some aspects, An(III) complexes are closer to Ln(III) than to An(IV) complexes with regard to the geometrical structure and bonding descriptors. At the beginning of the series, up to Pu(III), there is a quantitative departure from the free ion, especially for the Pa(III) complex. The magnetic properties of the actinides keep the trends of the lanthanides; in particular, the axial magnetic susceptibility follows Bleaney’s theory qualitatively

Understanding the synergistic effect on lanthanides(III) solvent extraction by systems combining a malonamide and a dialkyl phosphoric acid

International audienceTo separate minor actinides from lanthanides for used nuclear fuel reprocessing, solvent extraction processes combining neutral and acidic extractants are considered. Mixed systems present singular extraction properties where synergistic effects can be observed but information on chemical equilibria is lacking to properly model such behavior. Speciation of Eu(III) and Nd(III) complexes formed in an organic phase combining N,N′-dimeth-yl-N,N′-dioctylhexylethoxy malonamide (DMDOHEMA) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) was investigated through electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLIFS), UV-Visible, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A method consists of adding one of the ligands to a solution containing Ln(III) complexes formed with the other ligand while following changes by each technique was used. In both cases, significant modifications in the metal coordination sphere were observed due to formation of mixed complexes containing both ligands: addition of DMDOHEMA to a Ln-HDEHP solution led to the formation of Ln(DEHP) 3 (HDEHP) 2 (DMDOHEMA) complexes while addition of HDEHP to a Ln-DMDOHEMA solution gave Ln(NO 3) 3-n (DEHP) n (HDEHP) m (DMDOHEMA) x′ (0 ≤ n ≤ 3; n + m ≥ 1 and 1 ≤ x′ ≤ 3) complexes