Tendências genéticas para crescimento em bovinos Nelore em Pernambuco, Brasil

Objetivou-se avaliar ganhos genéticos médios anuais dos pesos ao nascer e aos 205 dias de idade e dos ganhos de peso pré e pós-desmama em bovinos Nelore, de 1978 a 1997, gerados pelo Controle de Desenvolvimento Ponderal da Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Zebus. As análises de variância foram realizadas utilizando- se o GLM (SAS, 1996) e as estimativas dos componentes de variância/covariância, o Método da Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita com algoritmo livre de derivadas, sob modelo animal através do MTDFREML (Boldman et al., 1993). Os pesos médios ao nascer e aos 205 dias foram 29,50 ± 2,20 e 157,55 ± 22,80 kg, respectivamente. Os ganhos genéticos médios anuais para pesos ao nascer e aos 205 dias nos animais e em suas mães foram 2,60 e -0,80 g/ano e -15,80 e 0,40 g/ano, respectivamente. As análises de tendência genética obtidas mostraram-se positiva para peso ao nascer e negativa aos 205 dias de idade, pressupondo-se problemas no processo de seleção. Os ganhos de peso médios pré e pós-desmama foram 350,00 ± 13 e 200,00 ± 12 g, respectivamente. Observaram-se tendências genéticas positivas para ganhos direto e materno, indicando haver algum progresso genético, porém pequeno, sugerindo que pouca ênfase se tem dado à seleção

Tendências genéticas para crescimento em bovinos Nelore em Pernambuco, Brasil

Objetivou-se avaliar ganhos genéticos médios anuais dos pesos ao nascer e aos 205 dias de idade e dos ganhos de peso pré e pós-desmama em bovinos Nelore, de 1978 a 1997, gerados pelo Controle de Desenvolvimento Ponderal da Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Zebus. As análises de variância foram realizadas utilizando- se o GLM (SAS, 1996) e as estimativas dos componentes de variância/covariância, o Método da Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita com algoritmo livre de derivadas, sob modelo animal através do MTDFREML (Boldman et al., 1993). Os pesos médios ao nascer e aos 205 dias foram 29,50 ± 2,20 e 157,55 ± 22,80 kg, respectivamente. Os ganhos genéticos médios anuais para pesos ao nascer e aos 205 dias nos animais e em suas mães foram 2,60 e -0,80 g/ano e -15,80 e 0,40 g/ano, respectivamente. As análises de tendência genética obtidas mostraram-se positiva para peso ao nascer e negativa aos 205 dias de idade, pressupondo-se problemas no processo de seleção. Os ganhos de peso médios pré e pós-desmama foram 350,00 ± 13 e 200,00 ± 12 g, respectivamente. Observaram-se tendências genéticas positivas para ganhos direto e materno, indicando haver algum progresso genético, porém pequeno, sugerindo que pouca ênfase se tem dado à seleção

Effect of "stryphnodendron spp. tanino on apis mellifera l. (africanized bees)" longevity

The barbatimão (Stryphnodendron spp.) tanino had a well know toxicity effect on honeybee (Apis mellifera), having a cause of monetary lack, intoxication, and mortality. This work had the goal to study the mortality of honeybee fed by candi type paste with different concentrations of tanino. It was utilized a completely casualized experimental design with three levels of tanino (1.25; 2.50; 3.75 percent), and a control group without tanino (0.00 percent), applied toward a candi type paste, for 12 days of experimental period. Semiparametric and parametric models of survival analysis were utilized to study the mortality, where the tanino concentration was the independent variable and time to death the dependent variable. Non-parametric and parametric methods were utilized to compare the similarity between treatments. All levels of tanino influenced mortality. The levels of 1.25 percent and 2.50 percent were not statistically different, for both non parametric and parametric models. The Weibull model was considered the best model. It could be possible to conclude that rising levels of tanino in feeding honeybee grew mortality considerably, reducing its time life

Effect of "stryphnodendron spp. tanino on apis mellifera l. (africanized bees)" longevity

The barbatimão (Stryphnodendron spp.) tanino had a well know toxicity effect on honeybee (Apis mellifera), having a cause of monetary lack, intoxication, and mortality. This work had the goal to study the mortality of honeybee fed by candi type paste with different concentrations of tanino. It was utilized a completely casualized experimental design with three levels of tanino (1.25; 2.50; 3.75 percent), and a control group without tanino (0.00 percent), applied toward a candi type paste, for 12 days of experimental period. Semiparametric and parametric models of survival analysis were utilized to study the mortality, where the tanino concentration was the independent variable and time to death the dependent variable. Non-parametric and parametric methods were utilized to compare the similarity between treatments. All levels of tanino influenced mortality. The levels of 1.25 percent and 2.50 percent were not statistically different, for both non parametric and parametric models. The Weibull model was considered the best model. It could be possible to conclude that rising levels of tanino in feeding honeybee grew mortality considerably, reducing its time life

Lactation curve of cross-bred buffalo under two production systems in the Amazonian region of Brazil

This study was conducted at the Agroforestry Research Center of EMBRAPA (CPAFRO), Rondônia, Brazil, to evaluate the lactation curve of crosss-bred buffalo [Murrah (M), Mediterranean (Me) and Jafarabadi(J)] under two production systems. Production system one (PS1) corresponded to the period of 1984 to 1998 where animals (4471 observation) were milked once a day and received only pasture without supplementation. Production system two (PS2) corresponded to the period of 1999 to 2002 where animals (458 observations) were milked twice daily with concentrate supplementation to pasture. Eight mathematical functions were used: Inverse Polynomial, Linear Hyperbolic, Incomplete Gamma, Logarithmic, Logarithmic Quadratic, Linear, Quadratic and Jenkins & Ferrel. Statistical analysis was conducted using PROC NLIN of SAS (2005). Results showed that for both production systems, Incomplete Gama was the best function to describe the lactation curve. Values of coefficient of determination, standard-deviation, coefficient of variation and standard-error were 95%, 0.068, 7.20, and 0.003, respectively. The corresponding values for PS2 were 96%, 0.200, 2.12, and 0.003. Values of the lactation curve parameters (a, b, and c) for PS1 and PS2, respectively, were (a) 7.0035923 and 10.9209, (b) -0.1080043 and -0.1614882, (c) 0.0434868 and 0.0679365