TRIM8 downregulation in glioma affects cell proliferation and it is associated with patients survival

Background: Human gliomas are a heterogeneous group of primary malignant brain tumors whose molecular pathogenesis is not yet solved. In this regard, a major research effort has been directed at identifying novel specific glioma-associated genes. Here, we investigated the effect of TRIM8 gene in glioma. Methods: TRIM8 transcriptional level was profiled in our own glioma cases collection by qPCR and confirmed in the independent TCGA glioma cohort. The association between TRIM8 expression and Overall Survival and Progression-free Survival in TCGA cohort was determined by using uni-multivariable Cox regression analysis. The effect of TRIM8 on patient glioma cell proliferation was evaluated by performing MTT and clonogenic assays. The mechanisms causing the reduction of TRIM8 expression were explored by using qPCR and in vitro assays. Results: We showed that TRIM8 expression correlates with unfavorable clinical outcome in glioma patients. We found that a restored TRIM8 expression induced a significant reduction of clonogenic potential in U87MG and patient's glioblastoma cells. Finally we provide experimental evidences showing that miR-17 directly targets the 3' UTR of TRIM8 and post-transcriptionally represses the expression of TRIM8. Conclusions: Our study provides evidences that TRIM8 may participate in the carcinogenesis and progression of glioma and that the transcriptional repression of TRIM8 might have potential value for predicting poor prognosis in glioma patients

Substratos para cultivo de feijoeiro em vasos com fertirrigação Substrates for common bean grown in flowerpots with fertirrigation

Considerando a necessidade de se identificar um substrato apropriado para o cultivo de feijoeiro em vasos - objetivo deste trabalho - foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos em casa-de-vegetação, durante o ano de 2005, com a cultivar de feijoeiro TPS Nobre. Sete substratos foram avaliados: Plantimax®, casca de arroz carbonizada, vermiculita, areia, casca de arroz carbonizada + 20% de Plantimax®, casca de arroz carbonizada + 20% de vermiculita e casca de arroz carbonizada + 20% de areia. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Os nutrientes foram fornecidos semanalmente por fertirrigação e a água foi adicionada de maneira a ser reposto o volume consumido. Nos substratos avaliados constataram-se características químicas e físicas diferenciadas. Caracterizou-se o substrato comercial Plantmax® pela elevada capacidade de troca de cátions (30,6 cmol c L-1) e maior capacidade de armazenamento de água por unidade de volume, o que contribuiu para a superioridade na produção de fitomassa seca das plantas e dos componentes do rendimento de grãos de feijão. O substrato comercial Plantmax® é apropriado para o cultivo de feijoeiro em vasos com o uso de fertirrigação.<br>The objective of this paper was to identify an appropriate substrate for common bean grown in flowerpots. The experiments were carried out in a green house during 2005, with the TPS Nobre common bean cultivar. Seven substrates were evaluated: Plantimax®, carbonized rice husks, vermiculite, sand, carbonized rice husks + 20% of Plantimax®, carbonized rice husks + 20% of vermiculite and carbonized rice husks + 20% of sand. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications. The nutrients were supplied weekly to fertigation and the water was added to refill the consumed volume. The evaluated substrates had different chemical and physical characteristics. The commercial substrate Plantmax® was characterized by high cations capacity exchange (30.6 cmol c L-1) and the highest water storage capacity per volume unit, which contributed for the higher dry matter yield of the plants and for common bean grains yield components. Therefore, we concluded that commercial substrate Plantmax® is appropriate for the common bean cultivation in flowerpots with fertigation

Temperatura base para aparecimento de folhas e filocrono da variedade de milho BRS Missões Base temperature for leaf appearance and phyllochron of the BRS Missões maize variety

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a temperatura base para aparecimento de folhas e o filocrono em uma variedade de milho em várias datas de semeadura e dois anos de cultivo. Um experimento de campo foi realizado em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), com sete datas de semeadura. Foi utilizada a variedade BRS Missões em dois anos agrícolas consecutivos (2005-06 e 2006-07). O delineamento experimental foi blocos ao acaso com seis repetições. A parcela foi composta por três linhas de 5m de comprimento no espaçamento 0,8m x 0,21m. Em cada parcela, foram marcadas ao acaso três plantas na linha central nas quais foi realizada semanalmente a contagem do número de folhas completamente expandidas (NFE) e o total (NFT). A temperatura base variou entre épocas de semeadura de 4,5 a 12&deg;C, com média próxima de 8&deg;C, valor que foi usado no cálculo da soma térmica. O filocrono foi maior quando calculado com base no NFE do que com base no NFT e variou com a data de semeadura, de 50,0 a 69,9&deg;C dia folha-1 e de 39,6 a 59,8&deg;C dia folha-1, respectivamente, sendo o fotoperíodo uma possível causa da variação do filocrono entre épocas.<br>The objective of this study was to estimate the base temperature for leaf appearance and the phyllochron of a maize variety in several sowing dates and two growing seasons. A field experiment was conducted in Santa Maria, RS, with seven sowing dates using the BRS Missões variety in two growing seasons (2005-06 and 2006-07). The experimental design was a completely randomized blocks, with six replications. Plots were three 5 m rows in a 0.8m x 0.21m spacing. Three plants in the central row of each plot were randomly tagged, and the number of fully expanded leaves (NFE) and the number of leaf tips (NFT) were counted once a week on the tagged plants. The base temperature varied with sowing date from 4.5 to 12&deg;C and an average of about 8&deg;C was used to calculate thermal time. Phyllochron was higher when calculated on an NFE basis than on a NFT basis, and varied with sowing date from 50.0 to 69.9&deg;C day leaf-1 and from 39.6 to 59.8&deg;C day leaf-1, respectively, with photoperiod being a likely cause to explain the variation in the phyllochron with sowing date

Lipolytic enzymes and hydrolytic rancidity

Lipolysis, the enzymic hydrolysis of milk lipids to free fatty acids and partial glycerides, is a constant concern to the dairy industry because of the detrimental effcts it can have on the flvor and other properties of milk and milk products. However, free fatty acids also contribute to the desirable flavor of milk and milk products when present at low concentrations and, in some cheeses, when present at high concentrations. The enzymes responsible for the detrimental effects of lipolysis are of two main types: those indigenous to milk, and those of microbial origin. The major indigenous milk enzyme is lipoprotein lipase. It is active on the fat in natural milk fat globules only after their disruption by physical treatments or if certain blood serum lipoproteins are present. The major microbial lipases are produced by psychrotrophic bacteria. Many of these enzymes are heat stable and are particularly significant in stored products. Human milk differs from cows' milk in that it contains two lipases, a lipoprotein lipase and a bile salt-stimulated lipase. The ability of the latter to cause considerable hydrolysis of ingested milk lipids has important nutritional implications