41,500 research outputs found
Mathematical models of martensitic microstructure
Martensitic microstructures are studied using variational models based on nonlinear elasticity. Some relevant mathematical tools from nonlinear analysis are described, and applications given to austenite-martensite interfaces and related topics
Towards European economic recovery in the 1980s. Report presented to the European Parliament. Working Documents 1983-1984, 31 August 1983
Ben Bernanke and the Zero Bound
From 2000 to 2003, when Ben Bernanke was a professor and then a Fed Governor, he wrote extensively about monetary policy at the zero bound on interest rates. He advocated aggressive stimulus policies, such as a money-financed tax cut and an inflation target of 3-4%. Yet, since U.S. interest rates hit zero in 2008, the Fed under Chairman Bernanke has taken more cautious actions. This paper asks when and why Bernanke changed his mind about zero-bound policy. The answer, at one level, is that he was influenced by analysis from the Fed staff that was presented at the FOMC meeting of June 2003. This answer raises another question: why did the staff's views influence Bernanke so strongly? I seek answers to this question in the social psychology literature on group decision-making.
Commentary on "the monetary policy debate since October 1979: lessons for theory and practice"
B->gamma e nu Transitions from QCD Sum Rules
B->gamma e nu transitions have recently been studied in the framework of QCD
factorization. The attractiveness of this channel for such an analysis lies in
the fact that, at least in the heavy quark limit, the only hadron involved is
the B meson itself, so one expects a very simple description of the form factor
in terms of a convolution of the B meson distribution amplitude with a
perturbative kernel. This description, however, does not include contributions
suppressed by powers of the b quark mass. In this letter, we calculate
corrections to the factorized expression which are induced by the ``soft''
hadronic component of the photon. We demonstrate that the power-suppression of
these terms is numerically not effective for physical values of the quark
mass and that they increase the form factor by about 30% at zero momentum
transfer. We also derive a sum rule for lambda_B, the first negative moment of
the B meson distribution amplitude, and find lambda_B = 0.6 GeV (to leading
order in QCD).Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Partial regularity and smooth topology-preserving approximations of rough domains
For a bounded domain of class ,
the properties are studied of fields of `good directions', that is the
directions with respect to which can be locally represented as
the graph of a continuous function. For any such domain there is a canonical
smooth field of good directions defined in a suitable neighbourhood of
, in terms of which a corresponding flow can be defined. Using
this flow it is shown that can be approximated from the inside and the
outside by diffeomorphic domains of class . Whether or not the image
of a general continuous field of good directions (pseudonormals) defined on
is the whole of is shown to depend on the
topology of . These considerations are used to prove that if ,
or if has nonzero Euler characteristic, there is a point
in the neighbourhood of which is
Lipschitz. The results provide new information even for more regular domains,
with Lipschitz or smooth boundaries.Comment: Final version appeared in Calc. Var PDE 56, Issue 1, 201
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