Modified 2D Proca Theory: Revisited Under BRST and (Anti-)Chiral Superfield Formalisms

Within the framework of Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) approach, we discuss mainly the fermionic (i.e. off-shell nilpotent) (anti-)BRST, (anti-)co-BRST and some discrete dual-symmetries of the appropriate Lagrangian densities for a two (1+1)-dimensional (2D) modified Proca (i.e. a massive Abelian 1-form) theory without any interaction with matter fields. One of the novel observations of our present investigation is the existence of some kinds of restrictions in the case of our present St\"{u}ckelberg-modified version of the 2D Proca theory which is not like the standard Curci-Ferrari (CF)-condition of a non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory. Some kinds of similarities and a few differences between them have been pointed out in our present investigation. To establish the sanctity of the above off-shell nilpotent (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST symmetries, we derive them by using our newly proposed (anti-)chiral superfield formalism where a few specific and appropriate sets of invariant quantities play a decisive role. We express the (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST conserved charges in terms of the superfields that are obtained after the applications of (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST invariant restrictions and prove their off-shell nilpotency and absolute anticommutativity properties, too. Finally, we make some comments on (i) the novelty of our restrictions/obstructions, and (ii) the physics behind the negative kinetic term associated with the pseudo-scalar field of our present theory.Comment: LaTeX file, 58 pages, Journal reference give

Multi mode Resonator based Concurrent Triple band Band pass Filter with Six Transmission Zeros for Defence Intelligent Transportation Systems Application

A compact and highly selective triple-band bandpass filter (BPF) is designed and presented in this paper. Proposed filter offers low insertion loss, and passband characteristics is achieved by using two coupled MMR multi-mode resonators (MMR1 and MMR2) and an inverted T and circular shape MMRs. The filter operates at frequency 2.43 GHz (Vehicular Communication), 5.91 GHz (ITS band), and 8.86 GHz (satellite communication band). The simulation and measurement results show a minimum insertion loss of 1.6 dB, 0.73 dB, and 2.8 dB for triple-band BPF. The return loss is found to be greater than 13.06 dB, 28.6 dB, and 21.55 dB. It is noted that measurement results are in accordance with the result of electromagnetic simulation. Desired triple-band multi-mode resonators (MMRs) filter characteristics are achieved with six transmission zeroes (TZs). The filter comprises of MMRs which provide small size and control over the spurious frequency. By using a parallel-coupled microstrip line, the first and third passbands are realised. Whereas by using an end-coupled microstrip line, the second passband is recognised. At the input and output ports, the resonator coupling technique is used. By using the anti-parallel microstrip line arrangement, the transmission zero is acquired. The dimensions of the designed filter are 25×16 mm 2

Comparison of Enriched Silvipasture and \u3cem\u3eCenchrus ciliaris\u3c/em\u3e Pasture with Natural Pasture in Ravenous Soils for Goat Production under Rainfed Conditions

Goat is a future animal and plays a crucial role in providing livelihood and supplementary income to resource poor farmers and landless labourers of rural India. Goat rearing also ensures self-employment and act as a cushion in present climate change phenomena like drought and famine. Goats are found more in ecologically fragile arid and semiarid areas. Hence, it is imperative to address goat production under present scenario of climate change and food scarcity. The diverse challenges and constraints as growing population, increasing food, feed and fodder needs, natural resources degradation, climate change demands a reorientation of our strategies for goat production and development of feed and fodder resources in the country by utilizing waste lands/ poor lands, because in our country goats are mainly depend on natural feed resources available on waste and degraded lands. The poor production potential of these lands and poor values of qualitative parameters of available vegetation on such lands hamper expression of production potential of Indian goats, side by side economic progress of goat keepers. Therefore, an attempt was made to develop feed resources under three models i.e., Silvipasture, sown pasture and natural vegetation stand (natural pasture) in Yamuna ravines of Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh

Antipartum surveillance by scoring system for pregnancy outcome of cesarean section in a tertiary referral centre of Madhya Pradesh, India

Background: It is imperative to find out high risk pregnancy for providing apt care to the needy mother and fetus, so application of risk scoring system helps in pin pointing the at-risk patient and also gives a notion about the prognosis of fetal and maternal wellbeing. This study aims to evaluate the clinical application of risk scoring system in cesarean delivery for identification and management of risk pregnancies appropriately to improve perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality.Methods: LNMC Bhopal M.P. a tertiary referral centre with approximately 2100 delivery / year and cesarean rate of 33%, serving primarily rural population. This prospective analytical study conducted from July 2017 till June 2018. Focused on the combination of the principal predictors of obstetric outcome taken from the previously published scoring system were applied on 120 cases of unplanned at risk caesarean section and summed up to identify risk-pregnancy and its predictive value for maternal and perinatal outcome.Results: It was determined by birth weight, APGAR score, birth asphyxia and NICU admission, Perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Out of 120 caesarean cases 25% grouped in high risk, 58.3% low risk and 16.6%moderate group and their perinatal outcome was compared. 90% and 15% of the high risk and moderate group respectively had high risk neonates. In the high-risk group 2% had neonatal death, while no mortality in low risk cases. Maternal outcome was analysed by HDU admission 3% mothers were admitted in HDU with eclampsia and multi organ failure with one maternal mortality due to HELLP syndrome other recovered well, while one patient left against medical advice due to high expenses.Conclusions: Risk evaluation by simplified scoring system is an easy and economical way to identify high risk pregnancy to provide quick, comprehensive and quality health services to needy mother and neonate at right time, thus help in lowering the perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity even at PHC level

Antioxidant activity of tuberosin isolated from Pueraria tuberose Linn

Antioxidant activity of Pueraria tuberose DC, (PT) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) has already been reported by us and here an active compound has been isolated and its action on expression of iNOS protein has been explored by using LPS induced changes in attached rat peritoneal macrophage cell culture. The pure compound was isolated by column chromatography and its structure was characterized by spectral studies, which was identified as tuberosin (5 hydroxy 3,4,7,3',4' pentamethoxy flavone). Its antioxidant capacity was determined and compared with alcoholic extract as EC50 value for scavenging potential towards pre-generated monocation ABTS* radical, superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, metal chelation property and on lipid peroxidation. Further, rat peritoneal macrophages were isolated, cultured and the attached macrophages were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with different concentrations of tuberosin (pretreatment for 30 min). After 17 h the released NO content, in culture supernatant, was indirectly estimated as accumulated nitrite by Griess reagent. To understand the mechanism of action, the extent of expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase genes, the iNOS protein was assessed in macrophage lysate by using its antibody on western blot analysis. Tuberosin significantly scavenged all the species of FRs, described above and it also inhibited the LPS induced release of NO and amount of iNOS protein in macrophages. All the changes were significant and concentration dependent. Thus it could be suggested that tuberosin, is one of the active principles of Pueraria tuberose, which directly scavenges various species of Free radicals (FRs) and also inhibits LPS induced inflammatory changes in macrophages

Design and simulation of thin-film silicon quantum well photovoltaic cell

A new thin-film silicon photovoltaic cell could be designed by inserting quantum well layers in the intrinsic region. Calculations show the improvement in spectral absorption due to the quantum well layer insertion. This article reports the design parameters and enhanced spectral absorption for a newly designed thin-film silicon quantum well photovoltaic cell. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1057