In vitro branched chain amino acid oxidation by porcine mammary tissue

Mammary secretory tissue from six (three each of parity 1 and 2) lactating sows (d 10 to 17 of lactation) was obtained via biopsy for in vitro incubation to determine CO2 production fr01TI individual branched chain amino acids. Carbon dioxide production levels as percentages of the 14C-labeled amino acid metabolized by the mammary tissue were 2.57, 1.86, and 4.07% for isoleucine, leucine, and valine, respectively (P\u3c .03). These results indicate that, in the lactating sow mammary gland, valine has the greatest oxidation rate of the branched chain amino acids.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 199

The effects of BMD in lactation diets on sow and litter performance

One hundred forty-five multiparous sows were used in a performance trial to evaluate the use of BMD® (bacitracin methylene disalicylate) on sow and litter performance during lactation in a herd with no previously documented history of Clostridium perfringens type C or D. Between day 96 and 100 of gestation, sows were allotted to one of two dietary treatments, either a diet containing 250 g/ton of BMD or the control diet with no antibiotic. Sows were fed the experimental diets until weaning (approx. 20 d). Litters were equalized to approximately 10 pigs per sow within 48 hrs postfarrowing. Piglets were transferred only within treatment. Piglets on sows fed the BMD treatment had a reduced incidence of diarrhea (P=.10); however, the antibiotic had no effect on sow or litter performance.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18,199

Hole-burning experiments within solvable glassy models

We reproduce the results of non-resonant spectral hole-burning experiments with fully-connected (equivalently infinite-dimensional) glassy models that are generalizations of the mode-coupling approach to nonequilibrium situations. We show that an ac-field modifies the integrated linear response and the correlation function in a way that depends on the amplitude and frequency of the pumping field. We study the effect of the waiting and recovery-times and the number of oscillations applied. This calculation will help descriminating which results can and which cannot be attributed to dynamic heterogeneities in real systems.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figures, RevTe

Effects of Cordyceps Mushroom Powder on Nursery Pig Performance

One hundred sixty crossbred pigs (Duroc × (York × Landrace)) weaned at 18.8 d of age and weighing an average of 13.1 lb were used in a 35-day growth trial to evaluate Cordyceps mushroom powder as potential alternative to carbadox in nursery pig diets. Pigs were divided by weight, sex, litter, and assigned to body weight (BW) blocks. Within BW blocks, sex ratios were constant in each pen. Each pen within a BW block was randomly assigned a dietary treatment. Growth performance was analyzed using BW, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion as feed-to-gain (F:G). Pigs were blocked by weight with 5 or 6 pigs per pen and there were 6 pens per treatment. There were 5 diets used in the study: a negative diet or a positive control (carbadox, 50 g/ton); 300 or 600 ppm mushroom powder, and a step-down treatment (900, 900, 450, 300, and 150 ppm mushroom powder during weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively). At various points of the study, pigs fed the 300 ppm and the step-down mushroom powder treatments tended to have improved (P \u3c 0.10) growth performance compared with those fed the negative control diet. During Phase 4 of the study, pigs fed carbadox had greater ADG (P \u3c 0.02) and improved feed efficiency (P \u3c 0.09) over pigs fed the negative control diet. However, overall data showed that there were no statistical differences among treatments (P \u3e 0.05). In summary, pigs fed 300 ppm mushroom powder or the step-down treatment showed comparable results to pigs fed carbadox. However, future research is needed under a greater disease pressure to show mushroom powder’s full potential as an alternative to antibiotics

Evaluation of modified potato starch in diets for the early-weaned pig

Two growth trials were conducted to compare the effectiveness of replacing either corn or lactose with modified potato starches in diets for conventionally and early-weaned pigs. In Exp. 1, 198 pigs (initially 9.4lb and 19 d of age) were used to determine if modified potato starch (potato starch 1) can replace a portion of the lactose in a high nutrient dense diet. Pigs were allotted by weight, gender, and ancestry to each of six dietary treatments with either five or six pigs per pen and six pens per treatment. The control diet contained 10% dried whey (7.2% lactose), 7.5% spray-dried porcine plasma, 2.5% select menhaden fish meal, and 1.75% spray-dried blood meal. Additional treatments were formulated by adding 7 or 14% modified potato starch or lactose in place of com. A positive control diet also was formulated containing 29% dried whey (providing the same amount of lactose as the 10% dried whey plus 14% lactose diet). All diets were formulated to contain 1.5% lysine, and .90% Ca, .80% P, and 17.88% soybean meal and were fed in a meal form. From day 0 to 14 postweaning, increasing dietary lactose tended to linearly improve ADG and ADFI. Added potato starch did not improve ADG compared with pigs fed the control diet, but ADFI increased linearly with increasing potato starch. In Exp. 2, 180 pigs (8.5 lb and 14 d of age) were used to evaluate the effects of two modified potato starches (potato starch 1 or potato starch 2,a further hydrolyzed potato starch with a greater percentage of sugars as either glucose or maltose as a replacement for either com or lactose in a segregated early-weaning diet (SEW). Pigs were fed a control diet containing 15% dried whey, 12% added lactose, 6% porcine plasma, and 6% select menhaden fish meal. Modified potato starch 1 or 2 (12 %) replaced either corn or the added lactose on an equal weight basis. From d 0 to 7 postweaning, pigs fed the modified potato starch 1 had greater ADG and ADFI than those fed modified potato starch 2. Pigs fed diets with either starch substituted for corn had greater ADG than those fed diets with either starch substituted for lactose. From d 0 to 14 and d o to 21, pigs fed diets containing either modified potato starch substituted for corn tended to have greater ADG than those fed the control diet. This appeared to be the result of greater feed intake of pigs fed the diets containing either starch substituted for corn compared with those fed the control diet or diets containing either starch substituted for lactose. Pigs fed diets with either modified starch substituted for lactose had similar ADG as those fed the control diet. In conclusion, these results suggest that potato starch can improve growth performance of pigs when substituted for corn and can replace a portion of the lactose in an SEW diet without adversely affecting performance.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 199

Effects of increasing zinc oxide on starter pig growth performance

Four hundred and twenty pigs (initially 9.8 lb and 13 d of age) were used to evaluate the effects of increasing zinc oxide in starter diets. Results that suggest 3,000 ppm and 2,000 ppm zinc, from zinc oxide, improve growth performance in phase I and II diets, respectively.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 199

Renormalisation and fixed points in Hilbert Space

The energies of low-lying bound states of a microscopic quantum many-body system of particles can be worked out in a reduced Hilbert space. We present here and test a specific non-perturbative truncation procedure. We also show that real exceptional points which may be present in the spectrum can be identified as fixed points of coupling constants in the truncation procedure.Comment: 4 pages, 1 tabl

The effects of added salt in the phase II starter pig diet

A total of 178 pigs (initially 10.5 Ib and 19 d of age) was used to compare the effects of added salt in the Phase II (d 14 to 28 postweaning) diet. Pigs were alloted by sex and inital weight and placed in pens containing either nine or 10 pigs. All pigs were fed the same Phase I diet for the first 14 d postweaning. The Phase I diet contained 20% dried whey, 7.5% spry-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), and 1.75% spray-dried blood meal (SDBM) and was formulated to contain 1.5% lysine and .42% methionine. On day 14, pigs were assigned to one of three diets that contained either 3.5 or 7 lb/ton added salt or no salt. The Phase II diet was cornsoybean meal-based, contained 10% dried whey and 2.5% SDBM, and was formulated to contain 1.25% lysine and .34% methionine. During Phase I (d 0 to 14 postweaning), average dally gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (F/G) were .52 Ib, .63 Ib, and 1.2, respectively. During Phase II (d 14 to 28 postweaning), ADG and F/G tended to improve with increasing added salt (8 and 9 %, respectively). For the cumulative period (d 0 to 28 postweaning), numerical increases also occurred in both ADG and F/G. These results suggest that up to 7 lb/ton of added salt in a Phase II diet containing 10% dried whey improves ADG and F/G of starter pigs.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 199

Corresponding States of Structural Glass Formers

The variation with respect to temperature T of transport properties of 58 fragile structural glass forming liquids (68 data sets in total) are analyzed and shown to exhibit a remarkable degree of universality. In particular, super-Arrhenius behaviors of all super-cooled liquids appear to collapse to one parabola for which there is no singular behavior at any finite temperature. This behavior is bounded by an onset temperature To above which liquid transport has a much weaker temperature dependence. A similar collapse is also demonstrated, over the smaller available range, for existing numerical simulation data.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures. Updated References, Table Values, Submitted for Publicatio

Effects of lactose sources on nursery pig growth performance

A study was conducted to evaluate different sources of pure lactose as a substitute for spray-dried, edible-grade whey in starter diets. Results suggest that pure lactose can replace the lactose provided by dried whey in phase I starter diets. However, numerical differences in growth performance occurred among the lactose sources used.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 199