Lifestyle and Social Construct of Tamil People in Ettuthogai

Ettuthogai is the first anthology in Sangam literature. The text gives a clear idea about the ancient Tamil people. Sangam literary texts are about the Sangam period and about the excellence of Tamil language. Tamil people are leading a better life from 2nd century B.C. The fact is that the anthology was composed by the writers who are genuine in their writings and there is no imaginary scenes in the anthology. The writers of the anthology believed that the book will be useful for all generation. The book highlights the ways of life and its qualities, the social restrictions and the various stages of Sangam era. That is why, even after thousands of years, Tamil people and people of other countries who are interested in Tamil language, learns the anthologies that are composed during Sangam era.  Even though the Sangha literature is written in Tamil language, the life style illustrated in this anthology is much more common to the human race. Confusions, dilemmas, and mental problems are the very common problems in the present era. Overall, this article explains about the lifestyle and social construct of Sangam period people

Assessment of Adaptability through Monetary Fringe Benefits during Covid Crisis for Job Retention

Providing special benefit to the employees is important to enhance the employee relationship and satisfaction level. Monetary benefit during the pandemic is another crucial part that made the entire process better in the business area. Offering flexibility in terms of work hours, location, or job responsibilities can also help improve job retention. Employees who have more control over their work-life balance are generally happier and more likely to stay with their employer. Providing recognition and rewards for good performance can help improve employee morale and job satisfaction. This can include bonuses, promotions, or other financial incentives. The primary data collection and analysis has been adopted in this study to ensure a valid and authentic outcome. It has been seen that providing a huge financial benefit to the employees is helpful to manage the employee retention in the business unit during the covid crisis

Case Study: Factors Affecting the Behavior of School Students in the Age of Pre-Adolescence

Using multilevel modeling, this study sought to understand the factors affecting the behaviour of school students at the age of pre-adolescence. The study included 1977 pre-adolescents (1031 boys, 946 girls) from middle schools (Grades 4–7) in suburban areas of the United States from the Department of Children and Family (DCF) 2014 National Child and Youth Panel Survey database. The individual and environmental effects of significant factors affecting pre-adolescent behavior were studied using multilevel models. Among the characteristics linked to emotional-behavioral difficulties were BMI, study tendency, and socioeconomic status. Emotional-behavioral disorders were linked to connections with teachers, according to more studies. The school, family, friends, community, and media all negatively affect students\u27 conduct. As a result, similar educational institutions should teach students social and emotional skills. This may help reduce student disruption. Individual and environmental factors influence pre-adolescents\u27 emotional-behavioral issues. Preventing emotional-behavioral issues require addressing both the environment in which preadolescents live and their unique traits

Diversity and distribution of cardinal fishes in Indian coastal waters with an occurrence report of spot fin cardinal fish Apogon queketti from Central south west coast of India

The family Apogonidae is a specious family with 346 species, in which most of them marine and some thrive in brackish water. These are commonly referred to as cardinal fishes, which seldom reaches a maximum size of 20cm . Sixty five species of this family have been reported from Indian waters. Apogon queketti is a valid species and two taxa have been synonymized with this viz., Apogonichthys queketti and Jaydia queketti. The genus Apogon which contains 108 valid species are mostly marine, living on sandy and muddy bottom of the continental shelf

Günümüzde Sri Lanka'nın Trincomalee Bölgesi'nde satılan antidiyabetik etkili yeşil yapraklı sebzeler

Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce insulin or cannot use insulin effectively. In Sri Lanka, 1.2 million people among the age group of 20 to 79 were affected by diabetes in 2019. Biomedicine antidiabetic medications cause common side effects such as bladder cancer, dehydration, sinusitis, kidney illness, and urinary infections. Consumption of green leafy vegetables minimizes the risk of developing diabetes. Hence, this work aims to identify and document the green leafy vegetables currently sold in Trincomalee District in Sri Lanka by performing fieldwork visits to the main markets and the surrounding green leafy vegetable kiosks, shops, superstores, and streets from January 2019 to June 2021. The levels of antidiabetic scientific evidence available for the identified green leafy vegetable species were assessed by recognizing the relevant published works in the electronic databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, etc., until September 2021. A total of 99 green leafy vegetable species from 43 families were recognized. The majority of the green leafy vegetables had in vivo (33%), followed by in vitro (16%) and clinical (9%) as scientific evidences. Also, 49 antidiabetic compounds were already isolated from the identified green leafy vegetables. This study forms a foundation for further studies using the green leafy vegetable species in Trincomalee.Diyabet, insülinin vücut tarafından üretilmediği veya etkili bir şekilde kullanılamadığı bir hastalıktır. 2019 yılında, Sri Lanka'da 20 ila 79 yaş arası 1,2 milyon kişi diyabetten etkilenmiştir. Biyomedikal antidiyabetik ilaçlar, mesane kanseri, dehidratasyon, sinüzit, böbrek hastalığı veya idrar yolu enfeksiyonları gibi yaygın yan etkilere neden olabilir. Yeşil yapraklı sebzelerin tüketilmesi diyabet gelişme riskini azaltır. Bu çalışmada, Ocak 2019-Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında, Sri Lanka'nın Trincomalee Bölgesi'nde bulunan başlıca pazarlarda ve yeşil yapraklı sebze satan büfeler, dükkanlar, süpermarketler ve sokak satıcıları ziyaret edilerek yapılan saha çalışması sonucunda satılan yeşil yapraklı sebzeleri belirlemek ve raporlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Tespit edilen yeşil yapraklı sebze türleri için mevcut antidiyabetik etkisine yönelik bilimsel kanıt seviyeleri, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus vb. elektronik veri tabanlarında Eylül 2021'e kadar yayınlanmış ilgili çalışmalar tanınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Toplamda 43 familyaya ait 99 yeşil yapraklı sebze tanımlanmıştır. Bilimsel kanıt olarak, yeşil yapraklı sebzelerin çoğu üzerinde yapılmış in vivo (33% ) çalışmalar olup daha sonra, in vitro (16%) ve klinik çalışmalar (9%) gelmektedir. Ayrıca belirlenmiş yeşil yapraklı sebzelerden izole edildiği bilinen 49 antidiyabetik etkili bileşik bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Trincomalee'deki yeşil yapraklı sebze türlerinin kullanımına yönelik sonraki çalışmalar için bir kaynak oluşturacaktır

Laser diagnostics for characterization of sprays formed by a collapsing non-equilibrium bubble

In this paper, we investigate the use of laser diagnostic tools for in-plane imaging of bubble induced spray using a laser sheet and Mie scattering technique. A perspex plate of thickness 10 mm with a hole of diameter 1 mm in the center is placed in the middle of a glass tank filled with water such that the top surface of the plate coincides with the water surface. A bubble is created just below the hole using a low-voltage spark circuit such that it expands against the hole. This leads to the formation of two jets which impact leading to a spray and break-up into droplets. The spray evolution is observed using a laser sheet directed in a plane through the center of the hole. The illuminated plane is imaged using a high-speed camera based on the Mie scattering from glass beads suspended in the liquid. Results show that Mie scattering technique has potential in studying bubble-induced sprays with applications such as in fuel sprays, drug-delivery etc, and also for validation of numerical codes. We present results from our ongoing experiments in this paper

Investigating the Impact of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) on English as a Second Language (ESL) Instruction in the Classroom

This research study aimed to investigate the impact of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) on English as a Second Language (ESL) instruction in the classroom. The integration of CALL had gained increasing attention in language learning due to its potential to enhance instructional practices and learner outcomes. However, empirical research was needed to examine the specific effects of CALL in the ESL context. The study began with a comprehensive literature review to identify gaps and areas requiring further investigation. Specific research questions were formulated to address these gaps. The research design was determined based on the objectives, utilizing an appropriate methodology such as experimental, quasi-experimental, or mixed methods design. Participants consisted of ESL learners from a specific age group or proficiency level, and a suitable sample size and sampling method were determined. Data collection involved various methods such as surveys, observations, interviews, and pre/post-tests to gather comprehensive data. Ethical considerations were addressed, ensuring informed consent and data privacy. The collected data were analyzed using appropriate statistical or qualitative analysis techniques. The results were interpreted to answer the research questions and contribute to the understanding of the impact of CALL on ESL instruction. Visual representations, such as charts and graphs, were included to enhance the presentation of results. The discussion and conclusion provided an interpretation of the findings and their implications for ESL instruction and the integration of CALL. Comparisons with previous research were made, and the limitations of the study were acknowledged. Recommendations for ESL teachers, curriculum developers, and policymakers were provided based on the study\u27s findings. Finally, suggestions for future research were presented to further explore the potential of CALL in the ESL classroom. The research study aimed to contribute to the field of language learning and provide insights that could inform pedagogical practices and instructional design