32 research outputs found
Seasonal Distribution, Aggregation, and Habitat Selection of Common Carp in Clear Lake, Iowa
The common carp Cyprinus carpio is widely distributed and frequently considered a nuisance species outside its native range. Common carp are abundant in Clear Lake, Iowa, where their presence is both a symptom of degradation and an impediment to improving water quality and the sport fishery. We used radiotelemetry to quantify seasonal distribution, aggregation, and habitat selection of adult and subadult common carp in Clear Lake during 2005–2006 in an effort to guide future control strategies. Over a 22-month period, we recorded 1,951 locations of 54 adults and 60 subadults implanted with radio transmitters. Adults demonstrated a clear tendency to aggregate in an offshore area during the late fall and winter and in shallow, vegetated areas before and during spring spawning. Late-fall and winter aggregations were estimated to include a larger percentage of the tracked adults than spring aggregations. Subadults aggregated in shallow, vegetated areas during the spring and early summer. Our study, when considered in combination with previous research, suggests repeatable patterns of distribution, aggregation, and habitat selection that should facilitate common carp reduction programs in Clear Lake and similar systems
Covid-19 Mortality Rates in Northamptonshire UK: Initial Sub-regional Comparisons and Provisional SEIR model of First Wave Disease Spread
We analysed mortality rates in a non-metropolitan UK subregion (Northamptonshire) using statistically-weighted data fitted to the start of the epidemic to quantify SARS-CoV-2 disease fatalities at sub 1,000,000 population levels. Using parameter estimates derived from the recorded mortality data, a numerical (SEIR) model was developed to predict the spread of Covid-19 sub regionally. Model outputs, including analysis of transmission rates and the basic reproduction number, suggest national lockdown flattened the curve and reduced potential deaths by up to 4000 locally. The modelled number of infected and recovered individuals is higher than official estimates, and a revised form of the theoretical critical population fraction requiring immunisation is derived. Combining published (sub-regional) mortality rate data with deterministic models on disease spread has the potential to help public health practitioners refine bespoke mitigation plans guided by local population demographics
Species Interactions Alter Evolutionary Responses to a Novel Environment
Adaptation to a novel environment is altered by the presence of co-occurring species. Species in diverse communities evolved complementary resource use, which altered the functioning of the experimental ecosystems
In situ air temperature and humidity measurements over diverse land covers in Greenbelt, Maryland, November 2013–November 2015
As our climate changes through time there is an ever-increasing need to
quantify how and where it is changing so that mitigation strategies can be
implemented. Urban areas have a disproportionate amount of warming due, in
part, to the conductive properties of concrete and asphalt surfaces, surface
albedo, heat capacity, lack of water, etc. that make up an urban environment.
The NASA Climate Adaptation Science Investigation working group at Goddard
Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, MD, conducted a study to collect temperature
and humidity data at 15 min intervals from 12 sites at the center. These sites
represent the major surface types at the center: asphalt, building roof, grass
field, forest, and rain garden. The data show a strong distinction in the
thermal properties of these surfaces at the center and the difference between
the average values for the center compared to a local meteorological station.
The data have been submitted to Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed
Active Archive Center (ORNL-DAAC) for archival in comma separated value (csv)
file format (Carroll et al., 2016) and can be found by following this link:
<a href="http://daac.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/dsviewer.pl?ds_id=1319" target="_blank">http://daac.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/dsviewer.pl?ds_id=1319</a>