Marginal Q, Tomin´s Q, Cash Flow and Investment

Many studies of the determinants of investment use Tobin’s T to control for the investment opportunities of a firm. Tobin’s T roughly measures the average return on a firm’s capital anticipated by the market. More relevant for investment decisions, however, is the marginal return on capital. In this paper we estimate investment and R&D equations using a measure of marginal T. We use marginal q to identify the existence of cash constraints and managerial discretion, and as a separate explanatory variable. For a sample of 562 U.S. firms observed over the 1977-1996 period we present evidence confirming the existence of both cash constraints in some companies and managerial discretion in others.

Проблеми вищої освіти в Україні в сучасних умовах

Most experts agree that it is too early to say how quantum computers will eventually be built, and several nanoscale solid-state schemes are being implemented in a range of materials. Nanofabricated quantum dots can be made in designer configurations, with established technology for controlling interactions and for reading out results. Epitaxial quantum dots can be grown in vertical arrays in semiconductors, and ultrafast optical techniques are available for controlling and measuring their excitations. Single-walled carbon nanotubes can be used for molecular self-assembly of endohedral fullerenes, which can embody quantum information in the electron spin. The challenges of individual addressing in such tiny structures could rapidly become intractable with increasing numbers of qubits, but these schemes are amenable to global addressing methods for computation

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Silane treatments on cellulose fabric/PLA composites

Regenerated cellulose fabric has potential as reinforcement for polylactic acid in fabricating green composites. In combining the constituents, incompatibility is common problem, leading to deteriorated or less than expected properties. Attempting to enhance compatibility between cellulose fabric and polylactic acid, this study applies fabric surface treatments by silane coupling agent. Conventional method using silane solution and a new method using atmospheric glow discharge plasma polymerization were performed. The treated fabric was characterized, in terms of surface morphology and existing molecular bonds. Mechanical properties of the resulted composites were evaluated. The characterization hinted that both silane treatments indeed modified the fabric's surface. The resulted composites having surface treated fabrics exhibited improved mechanical properties compared to those of untreated one. Between the two silane treatments, atmospheric plasma polymerization method resulted composites with higher strength and elongation at break yet lower stiffness. © 2012 by Asian-Australian Association for Composite Materials (AACM)

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Gift of Dr. Mary Jane Esplen.Piano vocal [instrumentation]B flat major [key]Moderato [tempo]Popular song [form/genre]Man walking into street, steps into a manhole, tram approaching [illustration]Publisher's advertisement on back cover [note

Towards improving mechanical properties of basalt fiber/polylactic acid composites by fiber surface treatments

© 2015 Taylor & Francis. Attempting to improve reinforcement effect on basalt fiber/polylactic acid composites, this study evaluates the effects of silane treatment, atmospheric glow discharge plasma polymerization, desizing, and addition of maleic anhydride coupling agent. The treated fibers were characterized, in terms of surface morphology and existing molecular bonds, and the mechanical properties of the composites were tested (i.e. strength, stiffness, and elongation at yield). Among the fiber surface treatments and the addition of coupling agent, improved mechanical properties were only shown by the silane treated and the atmospheric plasma polymerized composites by having 26 and 22% higher strength, respectively, as compared with the untreated one