247 research outputs found
UAA Justice Center's Ongoing DVSA Research
This Powerpoint presentation describes ongoing research on domestic violence and sexual assault presented to the Alaska Council on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault (CDVSA) at its June 2017 quarterly meeting. Research discussed includes a recently completed survey on Alaskans’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KAB) regarding domestic violence and sexual assault; a Results First Initiative cost-benefit analysis of batterer intervention programs; psychological and physical abuse against women 60 and older from the Alaska Victimization Survey (2010-2015) (AVS) with a comparison to national data from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (2010); and an update on the Alaska Victimization Survey.UPDATE: Survey on Alaskans’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs /
UPDATE: Results First and Batterer Intervention Programs /
UPDATE: Psychological and Physical Abuse Against Elders /
UPDATE: Alaska Victimization Surve
Wavelength-dependent reflectivity changes on gold at elevated electronic temperatures
Upon the excitation by an ultrashort laser pulse the conditions in a material
can drastically change, altering its optical properties and therefore the
relative amount of absorbed energy, a quan- tity relevant for determining the
damage threshold and for developing a detailed simulation of a structuring
process. The subject of interest in this work is the d-band metal gold which
has an absorption edge marking the transition of free valence electrons and an
absorbing deep d-band with bound electrons. Reflectivity changes are observed
in experiment over a broad spectral range at ablation conditions. To understand
the involved processes the laser excitation is modeled by a com- bination of
first principle calculations with a two-temperature model. The description is
kept most general and applied to realistically simulate the transfer of the
absorbed energy of a Gaussian laser pulse into the electronic system at every
point in space at every instance of time. An electronic temperature-dependent
reflectivity map is calculated, describing the out of equilibrium reflectivity
during laser excitation for photon energies from 0.9 - 6.4 eV, including inter-
and intra-band transi- tions and a temperature-dependent damping factor. The
main mechanisms are identified explaining the electronic temperature-dependent
change in reflectivity: broadening of the edge of the occu- pied/unoccupied
states around the chemical potential , also leading to a shift of the
and an increase of the collision rate of free s/p-band electrons with
bound d-band holes
Thromboembolism and anticoagulant therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: interim clinical guidance from the anticoagulation forum
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection that can, in severe cases, result in cytokine storm, systemic inflammatory response and coagulopathy that is prognostic of poor outcomes. While some, but not all, laboratory findings appear similar to sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), COVID-19- induced coagulopathy (CIC) appears to be more prothrombotic than hemorrhagic. It has been postulated that CIC may be an uncontrolled immunothrombotic response to COVID-19, and there is growing evidence of venous and arterial thromboembolic events in these critically ill patients. Clinicians around the globe are challenged with rapidly identifying reasonable diagnostic, monitoring and anticoagulant strategies to safely and effectively manage these patients. Thoughtful use of proven, evidence-based approaches must be carefully balanced with integration of rapidly emerging evidence and growing experience. The goal of this document is to provide guidance from the Anticoagulation Forum, a North American organization of anticoagulation providers, regarding use of anticoagulant therapies in patients with COVID-19. We discuss in-hospital and post-discharge venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention, treatment of suspected but unconfirmed VTE, laboratory monitoring of COVID-19, associated anticoagulant therapies, and essential elements for optimized transitions of care specific to patients with COVID-19
Renormalization of Bulk Magnetic Electron States at High Binding Energies
The quasiparticle dynamics of electrons in a magnetically ordered state is
investigated by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission of Ni(110) at 10
K. The self-energy is extracted for high binding energies reaching up to 500
meV, using a Gutzwiller calculation as a reference frame for correlated
quasiparticles. Significant deviations exist in the 300 meV range, as
identified on magnetic bulk bands for the first time. The discrepancy is
strikingly well described by a self-energy model assuming interactions with
spin excitations. Implications relating to different electron-electron
correlation regimes are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted at Phys. Rev. Lett
Measurements of ultra wide band in-vehicle channel - statistical description and TOA positioning feasibility study
Improved Endpoints for Cancer Immunotherapy Trials
Unlike chemotherapy, which acts directly on the tumor, cancer immunotherapies exert their effects on the immune system and demonstrate new kinetics that involve building a cellular immune response, followed by changes in tumor burden or patient survival. Thus, adequate design and evaluation of some immunotherapy clinical trials require a new development paradigm that includes reconsideration of established endpoints. Between 2004 and 2009, several initiatives facilitated by the Cancer Immunotherapy Consortium of the Cancer Research Institute and partner organizations systematically evaluated an immunotherapy-focused clinical development paradigm and created the principles for redefining trial endpoints. On this basis, a body of clinical and laboratory data was generated that supports three novel endpoint recommendations. First, cellular immune response assays generate highly variable results. Assay harmonization in multicenter trials may minimize variability and help to establish cellular immune response as a reproducible biomarker, thus allowing investigation of its relationship with clinical outcomes. Second, immunotherapy may induce novel patterns of antitumor response not captured by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors or World Health Organization criteria. New immune-related response criteria were defined to more comprehensively capture all response patterns. Third, delayed separation of Kaplan–Meier curves in randomized immunotherapy trials can affect results. Altered statistical models describing hazard ratios as a function of time and recognizing differences before and after separation of curves may allow improved planning of phase III trials. These recommendations may improve our tools for cancer immunotherapy trials and may offer a more realistic and useful model for clinical investigation
Using a Powered Bone Marrow Biopsy System Results in Shorter Procedures, Causes Less Residual Pain to Adult Patients, and Yields Larger Specimens
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In recent years, a battery-powered bone marrow biopsy system was developed and cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to allow health care providers to access the bone marrow space quickly and efficiently. A multicenter randomized clinical trial was designed for adult patients to determine if the powered device had advantages over traditional manually-inserted needles in regard to length of procedure, patient pain, complications, user satisfaction, and pathological analysis of the specimens.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Adult patients requiring marrow sampling procedures were randomized for a Manual or Powered device. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores were captured immediately following the procedure and 1 and 7 days later. Procedure time was measured and core specimens were submitted to pathology for grading.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Ten sites enrolled 102 patients into the study (Powered, n = 52; Manual, n = 50). Mean VAS scores for overall procedural pain were not significantly different between the arms (3.8 ± 2.8 for Powered, 3.5 ± 2.3 for Manual [p = 0.623]). A day later, more patients who underwent the Powered procedure were pain-free (67%) than those patients in the Manual group (33%; p = 0.003). One week later, there was no difference (83% for Powered patients; 76% for Manual patients.) Mean procedure time was 102.1 ± 86.4 seconds for the Powered group and 203.1 ± 149.5 seconds for the Manual group (p < 0.001). Pathology assessment was similar in specimen quality, but there was a significant difference in the specimen volume between the devices (Powered: 36.8 ± 21.2 mm<sup>3</sup>; Manual: 20.4 ± 9.0 mm<sup>3</sup>; p = 0.039). Two non-serious complications were experienced during Powered procedures (4%); but none during Manual procedures (p = 0.495).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results of this first trial provide evidence that the Powered device delivers larger-volume bone marrow specimens for pathology evaluation. In addition, bone marrow specimens were secured more rapidly and subjects experienced less intermediate term pain when the Powered device was employed. Further study is needed to determine if clinicians more experienced with the Powered device will be able to use it in a manner that significantly reduces needle insertion pain; and to compare a larger sample of pathology specimens obtained using the Powered device to those obtained using traditional manual biopsy needles.</p
Methylglyoxal bis-guanylhydrazone in advanced bladder cancer
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28924/1/0000761.pd
Innovative Technics of Managing Engineers' Global Competencies
Higher education modernization in the CIS countries takes place under the conditions of dynamic changes in economy and society. These changes are determined by the social and economic development of the country and the world globalization processes - cross-border intercultural communication, knowledge transparency, and the establishment of information society. Educational globalization is a continuous process of creating a unified global educational system, in which the distinctions between its member educational systems are being blended
Selenoether oxytocin analogues have analgesic properties in a mouse model of chronic abdominal pain
Poor oral availability and susceptibility to reduction and protease degradation is a major hurdle in peptide drug development. However, drugable receptors in the gut present an attractive niche for peptide therapeutics. Here we demonstrate, in a mouse model of chronic abdominal pain, that oxytocin receptors are significantly upregulated in nociceptors innervating the colon. Correspondingly, we develop chemical strategies to engineer non-reducible and therefore more stable oxytocin analogues. Chemoselective selenide macrocyclization yields stabilized analogues equipotent to native oxytocin. Ultra-high-field nuclear magnetic resonance structural analysis of native oxytocin and the seleno-oxytocin derivatives reveals that oxytocin has a pre-organized structure in solution, in marked contrast to earlier X-ray crystallography studies. Finally, we show that these seleno-oxytocin analogues potently inhibit colonic nociceptors both in vitro and in vivo in mice with chronic visceral hypersensitivity. Our findings have potentially important implications for clinical use of oxytocin analogues and disulphide-rich peptides in general
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